Radiographic Pathology-urinary System

This picture depicts what type of tube or catheter?

• French

• Nephrostomy

• Foley

• Vestibule

Hypoplasia descibes a congental disease of having an abnormally small kidney

• True

• False

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL);

• Uses sound waves to crush stones into powder

• Uses medication to dissolve stones in the kidney

• Uses iodinated contrast media to visualize the kidney

• Uses CT to aide in locating stones and removing them

The system functions to remove urine (waste) from the blood and excrete it to the outer realms

• True

• False

What is this pathology?

• Renal stone

• Interstitial cystitis

• Medullary calcification

• Bladder calculi

Anatomy of the urinary system include....(check all that apply)

• Kidneys

• Lymph nodes

• Liver

• Bladder

• Urethra

• Rectum

• Ureters

Men are more prone to UTI's

• True

• False

What pathology does this discribe: stones that develop from urine, usually from calcium and salts Most are composed of calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate and magnesium ammonium phosphate. Causes are many: hyperparathyroidism, too much calcium intake, metabolic issues, recurrent infections Signs: hematuria Hydronephrosis can result

• Hydronephrosis

• Polycystic kidney disease

• Renal calculi

• Renal failure

what pathology is this?

What is this pathology (check all that apply)

• Wilm's Tumor

• Calyx cyst

• Metasticized renal vascular cyst

• Pyurtitis

The image above mostly likely represents what pathology?

• No pathology detectable

• Horseshoe kidney

• Renal agenesis

• Hypoplasia

• Hydronephrosis

• Nephroptosis

This type of tube is a....

• Nephrectomy tube

• Nephrotomy tube

• Nephrostomy tube

• Nephrovesticular tube

The pathology most evident in the image above is most likely.....

• No pathology visible

• Nephrotoxic hyperplasia

• Cystic kidney

• Hydronephrosis

• Perirenaloptosis

• Ectopic kidney

What pathology is this?

What is this pathology?

What pathology is commenly falled renal a floating kidney?

• Nephritis

• Horseshoe kidney

• Renal dysplasia

• Urethrovestibule diaphoresis

• Nephroptosis

What is this pathology?

What is this pathology?

• Staghorn calculus

• Medullary sponge kindey

• Cystitis

• Hydronephrosis

• Vesicoureteral reflux

Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG):

• Evaluates the bladder and urethra

• Is common for geriatric patients

• Is a common pediatric study

• Evaluates for reflux

• Uses a contrast medium

What is the general term for this pathology

IVP or excretory urography exams...(check all that apply)

• Shows the structure and function of the system

• Can detect stones, strictures, congenital anomalies, inflammatory diseases,etc.

• Can detect tumors, cysts,

• Requires using iodinated contrast media

• Requires using non-iodinated contrast media

• Only shows structure and not function of the urinary system

The pathology above is most likely....

• Nephritis

• Hydronephrosis

• Hypomalasia

• Hyperplasia

• Renal failure

What is this pathology

Ultrasound imaging studies (check all that apply)

• Are used to diagnose kidney stones

• Are used to diagnose dysentary

• Are used to diagnose renal masses

• Are used to diagnose abscess

• Are used to diagnose cysts

• Are used to diagnose atrophy

• Are used to diagnose renal malagia

what pathology is this?

A foley catheter...(check all that apply)

• The most common indwelling type of catheter

• Uses a balloon near tip to maintain patency of urethra

• Uses a balloon near tip to maintain position

• Connects the renal pelvis to the outside

• Is used to infuse contrast for cystograms and VCUs

Renal agenesis..(check all that apply)

• Is a congenital & hereditary disease

• Is a somatic disease acquired from bat poop

• Is symptomatic of interstitial cystitis

• Could describe the absence of one kidney

• Could describe one large kidney

• Symptoms include increased urgency, with pain during voiding

• Does not have any symptoms

What is this pathology

Renal angiography is (check all that apply)

• Evaluates only the function of the renal system

• Used to evaluate renal masses

• Used to evaluate renal malignancies

• Is a common procedure for men over 50

Ureteral stents... (check all that apply)

• Are placed via cystoscopy

• Connect the renal pelvis with the bladder to maintain patency

• Connect the renal pelvis with the bladder to maintain occlusion

• Do not extend past the urethrocystic junction

• Maintain patency in urethra

What pathology is this?

Check all that apply to this pathology

• Renalostomy

• Contrast extravisation

• Result of trauma

• Result of congenital disease

• Result of chemotherapy treatments

• Asymptomatic

CT imaging studies...(check all that apply)

• Are surgical procedures

• Used for stone protocol

• Do not use contrast mediums for renal exams

• Are used to stage tumors

• Are used as a guide for needle biopsy

• Are used to find out the nature of masses

• Are used to evaluate kidneys or bladder for prolapse

Check all that apply to patholgy indicated above

• Cystourethal metastasis

• Cystic fibroid

• Urinary polyp

• Ureterocystic cyst

• Bladder diverticulum

• Not dangerous unless it ruptures

• Can be an indication of bladder cancer

Check all that apply to a Nephroblastoma

• Malignant renal tumor

• Asymptomatic

• Asymptomatic until blockage occurs in UPJ

• Affects children, usually by the age of 5

• Has a low cure rate

• Results in decreased calcium levels

Retrograde pyelography exams (check all that apply)

• Are used to evaluate renal masses

• Are used to evaluate renal malignancies

• Is a surgical procedure

• Is used for stent placement

• Is a non-surgical procedure

• Is used for stone retrieval

Check all that apply to pathology most evident by the image above....

• Renal stone

• Bilateral renal metastisis in proxmal urters

• Because of this patient's pathology, they are predisposed to infection

• Because of this patient's pathology, removal of the right kidney is emminent

• Double ureters

• Because of this patient's pathology, they are predisposed to calculi formation

• Because of this patient's pathology, they will need to have surgery in order to the cysts that have overwhelmed their left kidney

Check all that apply to neoplastic diseases

• Almost all solitary masses are either malignant tumors or simple cysts

• Renal cysts are common abnormalities in pediatric patients

• Vascular tumors do not fill during nephrogram

• Cysts do not fill during a nephrogram

• Renal cysts are common abnormalities in adults

• Most easily seen on plain radiographic films

• Easily seen on CT or Sono

• Neither can be identified using iodinated contrast media

Check all that apply to this pathology

• Polycystic kindey disease

• Calcioplasia of the kindey

• Medullary cystitis

• Medullary sponge kidney

• Dilation of the ureters and ectasia of sphincters

• Dilation of the medullary and papillary portions of the collecting ducts

• Calculi, infection and intrarenal obstruction are commone

• No cure

Check all that apply to pathology demonstrated:

• Hereditary kidney disease with cysts present at birth

• Chronic inflammatory disease exacerbated by diabetus mellitus

• Polycystic kidney disease

• No cure- management of fluid, electrolytes, and avoid trauma

• Medullary sponge kidney

• Stage 4 renal cancer

what is this?

Check all that relate to the pathology indicated above

• Ureterocele

• Cystlike dilation of the ureter near its opening into the bladder

• Cobra head appearence

• Urethrostenosis in the proximal left ureter

• Congenital defect

• Pathology can cause/lead to relflux

• Pathology indicative of chronic catheter use

• Nephrocele effusion

• Staghorn calculus

• Treated through surgical ectostimulation

• Treated with surgical resection

• Treated with antidiuretic hormones to decrease pressure on ureter

check all that apply to this pathology

• Most common tumor is adenocarcinoma

• Affects epithelial tissue

• Affects the loop of henle most drastically

• Surgical excision increases cure rate

• First sign is pyuria

• CT and angiography are useful to diagnosis

• Metastasis is highly probable

• First sign is left flank pain

• First sign is hematuria