Radiographic Pathology-urinary System

The system functions to remove urine (waste) from the blood and excrete it to the outer realms

• True

• False

IVP or excretory urography exams...(check all that apply)

• Shows the structure and function of the system

• Can detect stones, strictures, congenital anomalies, inflammatory diseases,etc.

• Can detect tumors, cysts,

• Requires using iodinated contrast media

• Requires using non-iodinated contrast media

• Only shows structure and not function of the urinary system

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL);

• Uses sound waves to crush stones into powder

• Uses medication to dissolve stones in the kidney

• Uses iodinated contrast media to visualize the kidney

• Uses CT to aide in locating stones and removing them

Retrograde pyelography exams (check all that apply)

• Are used to evaluate renal masses

• Are used to evaluate renal malignancies

• Is a surgical procedure

• Is used for stent placement

• Is a non-surgical procedure

• Is used for stone retrieval

Renal angiography is (check all that apply)

• Evaluates only the function of the renal system

• Used to evaluate renal masses

• Used to evaluate renal malignancies

• Is a common procedure for men over 50

Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG):

• Evaluates the bladder and urethra

• Is common for geriatric patients

• Is a common pediatric study

• Evaluates for reflux

• Uses a contrast medium

Ultrasound imaging studies (check all that apply)

• Are used to diagnose kidney stones

• Are used to diagnose dysentary

• Are used to diagnose renal masses

• Are used to diagnose abscess

• Are used to diagnose cysts

• Are used to diagnose atrophy

• Are used to diagnose renal malagia

CT imaging studies...(check all that apply)

• Are surgical procedures

• Used for stone protocol

• Do not use contrast mediums for renal exams

• Are used to stage tumors

• Are used as a guide for needle biopsy

• Are used to find out the nature of masses

• Are used to evaluate kidneys or bladder for prolapse

Ureteral stents... (check all that apply)

• Are placed via cystoscopy

• Connect the renal pelvis with the bladder to maintain patency

• Connect the renal pelvis with the bladder to maintain occlusion

• Do not extend past the urethrocystic junction

• Maintain patency in urethra

This type of tube is a....

• Nephrectomy tube

• Nephrotomy tube

• Nephrostomy tube

• Nephrovesticular tube

A foley catheter...(check all that apply)

• The most common indwelling type of catheter

• Uses a balloon near tip to maintain patency of urethra

• Uses a balloon near tip to maintain position

• Connects the renal pelvis to the outside

• Is used to infuse contrast for cystograms and VCUs

This picture depicts what type of tube or catheter?

• French

• Nephrostomy

• Foley

• Vestibule

Renal agenesis..(check all that apply)

• Is a congenital & hereditary disease

• Is a somatic disease acquired from bat poop

• Is symptomatic of interstitial cystitis

• Could describe the absence of one kidney

• Could describe one large kidney

• Symptoms include increased urgency, with pain during voiding

• Does not have any symptoms

Hypoplasia descibes a congental disease of having an abnormally small kidney

• True

• False

The pathology above is most likely....

• Nephritis

• Hydronephrosis

• Hypomalasia

• Hyperplasia

• Renal failure

The image above mostly likely represents what pathology?

• No pathology detectable

• Horseshoe kidney

• Renal agenesis

• Hypoplasia

• Hydronephrosis

• Nephroptosis

What pathology is commenly falled renal a floating kidney?

• Nephritis

• Horseshoe kidney

• Renal dysplasia

• Urethrovestibule diaphoresis

• Nephroptosis

The pathology most evident in the image above is most likely.....

• No pathology visible

• Nephrotoxic hyperplasia

• Cystic kidney

• Hydronephrosis

• Perirenaloptosis

• Ectopic kidney

Check all that apply to pathology most evident by the image above....

• Renal stone

• Bilateral renal metastisis in proxmal urters

• Because of this patient's pathology, they are predisposed to infection

• Because of this patient's pathology, removal of the right kidney is emminent

• Double ureters

• Because of this patient's pathology, they are predisposed to calculi formation

• Because of this patient's pathology, they will need to have surgery in order to the cysts that have overwhelmed their left kidney

Check all that relate to the pathology indicated above

• Ureterocele

• Cystlike dilation of the ureter near its opening into the bladder

• Cobra head appearence

• Urethrostenosis in the proximal left ureter

• Congenital defect

• Pathology can cause/lead to relflux

• Pathology indicative of chronic catheter use

• Nephrocele effusion

• Staghorn calculus

• Treated through surgical ectostimulation

• Treated with surgical resection

• Treated with antidiuretic hormones to decrease pressure on ureter

Check all that apply to patholgy indicated above

• Cystourethal metastasis

• Cystic fibroid

• Urinary polyp

• Ureterocystic cyst

• Bladder diverticulum

• Not dangerous unless it ruptures

• Can be an indication of bladder cancer

Check all that apply to pathology demonstrated:

• Hereditary kidney disease with cysts present at birth

• Chronic inflammatory disease exacerbated by diabetus mellitus

• Polycystic kidney disease

• No cure- management of fluid, electrolytes, and avoid trauma

• Medullary sponge kidney

• Stage 4 renal cancer

Check all that apply to this pathology

• Polycystic kindey disease

• Calcioplasia of the kindey

• Medullary cystitis

• Medullary sponge kidney

• Dilation of the ureters and ectasia of sphincters

• Dilation of the medullary and papillary portions of the collecting ducts

• Calculi, infection and intrarenal obstruction are commone

• No cure

Urinary tract infections; UTIs, most common of all bacterial infections

• True

• False

Men are more prone to UTI's

• True

• False

What is this pathology?

What is this pathology?

• Staghorn calculus

• Medullary sponge kindey

• Cystitis

• Hydronephrosis

• Vesicoureteral reflux

What pathology does this discribe: stones that develop from urine, usually from calcium and salts Most are composed of calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate and magnesium ammonium phosphate. Causes are many: hyperparathyroidism, too much calcium intake, metabolic issues, recurrent infections Signs: hematuria Hydronephrosis can result

• Hydronephrosis

• Polycystic kidney disease

• Renal calculi

• Renal failure

What is the general term for this pathology

What is this pathology?

• Renal stone

• Interstitial cystitis

• Medullary calcification

• Bladder calculi

What is this pathology?

What is this pathology

Check all that apply to neoplastic diseases

• Almost all solitary masses are either malignant tumors or simple cysts

• Renal cysts are common abnormalities in pediatric patients

• Vascular tumors do not fill during nephrogram

• Cysts do not fill during a nephrogram

• Renal cysts are common abnormalities in adults

• Most easily seen on plain radiographic films

• Easily seen on CT or Sono

• Neither can be identified using iodinated contrast media

What is this pathology

check all that apply to this pathology

• Most common tumor is adenocarcinoma

• Affects epithelial tissue

• Affects the loop of henle most drastically

• Surgical excision increases cure rate

• First sign is pyuria

• CT and angiography are useful to diagnosis

• Metastasis is highly probable

• First sign is left flank pain

• First sign is hematuria

What is this pathology (check all that apply)

• Wilm's Tumor

• Calyx cyst

• Metasticized renal vascular cyst

• Pyurtitis

Check all that apply to a Nephroblastoma

• Malignant renal tumor

• Asymptomatic

• Asymptomatic until blockage occurs in UPJ

• Affects children, usually by the age of 5

• Has a low cure rate

• Results in decreased calcium levels

What pathology is this?

what pathology is this?

Check all that apply to this pathology

• Renalostomy

• Contrast extravisation

• Result of trauma

• Result of congenital disease

• Result of chemotherapy treatments

• Asymptomatic

what is this?

What pathology is this?

what pathology is this?