1.
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Astronomers have assumed that the composition of all galaxies is the different from our own
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The given statement is "Astronomers have assumed that the composition of all galaxies is different from our own." The correct answer is "False." This means that astronomers have not assumed that the composition of all galaxies is different from our own. It suggests that astronomers may have considered the possibility that some galaxies could have similar compositions to our own galaxy.
2.
Which planet in our solar system is known as the "Red Planet"?
Correct Answer
A. Venus
3.
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Researchers have discovered that older galaxies contain twenty times more small dim stars than younger galaxies
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Older galaxies containing twenty times more small dim stars than younger galaxies is a statement of fact that has been discovered by researchers. Therefore, the correct answer is true.
4.
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The small dim stars are called green dwarves
Correct Answer
B. False
5.
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The discovery also increases the estimate of the number of planets in the universe
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The given statement suggests that the discovery has led to an increase in the estimated number of planets in the universe. This implies that the discovery has provided new information or evidence that supports the existence of more planets. Therefore, the statement is true.
6.
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The discovery that there are many more stars means that our universe is a much brighter and more crowded
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The discovery that there are many more stars implies that there is a larger number of celestial bodies in our universe, making it brighter and more crowded. This suggests that there is a higher probability of finding other planetary systems and potentially habitable planets. Additionally, it highlights the vastness and complexity of the universe, further expanding our understanding of the cosmos.
7.
Which planet is known as the Red Planet?
Correct Answer
B. Mars
Explanation
Mars is called the Red Planet because of its reddish appearance, which is due to iron oxide (rust) on its surface. This distinctive color makes Mars easily identifiable in the night sky.
8.
Which planet is the largest in our solar system?
Correct Answer
D. Jupiter
Explanation
Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system, with a diameter of about 143,000 kilometers. It is a gas giant, primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, and is so large that all the other planets could fit inside it with room to spare.
9.
Which planet is closest to the Sun?
Correct Answer
B. Mercury
Explanation
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, orbiting at an average distance of about 58 million kilometers. Its proximity to the Sun means it experiences extreme temperatures, with scorching days and freezing nights.
10.
Which planet has the most extensive ring system?
Correct Answer
C. Saturn
Explanation
Saturn is famous for its spectacular ring system, which is the most extensive and complex in the solar system. The rings are made up of ice and rock particles ranging in size from tiny grains to large boulders.
11.
Which planet is known for its Great Red Spot?
Correct Answer
C. Jupiter
Explanation
The Great Red Spot on Jupiter is a massive storm that has been raging for at least 350 years. It is so large that it could fit several Earths within its boundaries, and it is one of the most recognizable features in our solar system.
12.
Which planet is known as the Earth's twin because of its similar size and composition?
Correct Answer
B. Venus
Explanation
Venus is often referred to as Earth's twin because it is similar in size, mass, and composition. However, the conditions on Venus are vastly different, with a thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide and surface temperatures hot enough to melt lead.
13.
Which planet has the shortest day of all the planets in the solar system?
Correct Answer
B. Jupiter
Explanation
Jupiter has the shortest day in the solar system, with a rotation period of just about 10 hours. Despite its size, Jupiter spins rapidly on its axis, leading to this short day length.
14.
Which planet has the tallest volcano in the solar system, named Olympus Mons?
Correct Answer
B. Mars
Explanation
Olympus Mons on Mars is the tallest volcano in the solar system, standing at about 22 kilometers high. It is nearly three times the height of Mount Everest and covers an area roughly the size of Arizona.
15.
Which planet's rotation axis is tilted by about 98 degrees, causing it to rotate on its side?
Correct Answer
A. Uranus
Explanation
Uranus has a unique tilt of about 98 degrees, meaning it essentially rolls around the Sun on its side. This extreme tilt gives Uranus very unusual seasons and contributes to its distinct appearance in the sky.
16.
Which planet is known for its extensive system of moons, including Titan, the second-largest moon?
Correct Answer
D. Saturn
Explanation
Saturn has a large number of moons, with Titan being the most notable. Titan is the second-largest moon in the solar system and is larger than the planet Mercury. It has a thick atmosphere and even liquid lakes of methane on its surface.