Upper Limb Radiology 1 (Msq Drill 196)

1. What is the most common shoulder dislocation?

Inferior

2. Are inferior shoulder dislocations very common?

Yes they are very common

No, they are rare but distinctive

3. Is damage to the inferior glenohumeral ligament the usual cause of shoulder instability in an anterior shoulder dislocation?

Yes

No

4. In which shoulder dislocation will the patient permanently hold their arm upward or behind the head in fixed abduction?

Inferior

5. Inferior shoulder dislocation is caused by _________ of the arm

Hyper-adduction of the arm

Hypo-adduction of the arm

Hyper-abduction of the arm

Hypo-abduction of the arm

6. Inferior shoulder dislocations are very rare - less than 1% of all shoulder dislocations. Do inferior should dislocations have a high complication rate?

Yes

No

including neurological, vascular, tenons and ligament injuries

Explanation

including neurological, vascular, tenons and ligament injuries

7.

Superior shoulder dislocation

Anterior shoulder dislocation

Posterior shoulder dislocation

Inferior shoulder dislocation

8.

This shows an A C joint separation. What are you looking for when looking at the x-ray?

Abnormal narrowing of the space

Abnormal widening of the space

9. Name the following views of the elbow:

Lateral view

AP view

Stress view

10. What is a sail sign?

Displacement of blood around the elbow joint

Displacement of the fat pad around the elbow joint

Both anterior and posterior sail signs can exist and can usually be seen on the same xray. sometimes all you see is a secondary sign to clue you in to an occult fracture.

Explanation

Both anterior and posterior sail signs can exist and can usually be seen on the same xray. sometimes all you see is a secondary sign to clue you in to an occult fracture.

11. What wrist bone sits like a moon on top of the distal radius?

Triquetal

Pisiform

Hamate

Lunate

Capitate

12. A patient has a colles fracture. They describe that they fell on their left outstretched hand with their forearm in pronation and:

Plantaflexion

Dorsiflexion

13.

Name the schoulder dislocation?

Anterior shoulder dislocation

Posterior shoulder dislocation

Inferior shoulder dislocation

14. Luxatio erecta is associated with:

Anterior shoulder dislocations

Posterior shoulder dislocations

Inferior shoulder dislocations

15. Which of the following is frequently seen among football players and is not always obvious?

A C joint separation

Anterior shoulder dislocation

Posterior shoulder dislocation

Inferior shoulder dislocation

16. Calcifications of which tendon in the shoulder are very common?

Infraspinatus

Supraspinatus

Teres minor

Teres major

17.

Elbow medial view

Elbow lateral view

Elbow AP view

18. Which bone is the most important when considering wrist bone injuries?

Navicular

Triquetum

Pisiform

Navicular or scaphoid

Capitate

19. Is a Barton fracture intra articular or extra articular?

Intra articular

Extra articular

Barton's fracture also affects the distal radial head. intra-articular fracture of the distal radius with dislocation of the radiocarpal joint.

Explanation

Barton's fracture also affects the distal radial head. intra-articular fracture of the distal radius with dislocation of the radiocarpal joint.

20.

What is this view?

AP shoulder internally rotated

AP shoulder externally rotated

Note the tuberosities have moved more anteriorly.

Explanation

Note the tuberosities have moved more anteriorly.

21.

What is this view?

Glenoid fossa view

AP internally rotated

AP externally rotated

Axillary view

22.

This lesion is a complication of an anterior shoulder injury. What is this this known as?

Bankart lesion

Hill-Sachs lesion

Luxatio erecta

Notice the notching on the posterolateral humeral head

Explanation

Notice the notching on the posterolateral humeral head

23. Are A C joint separations usually obvious on x-ray?

Yes, a regular AP view will suffice

No, you may need to get a stress view

A stress view of the AC joint, patient is neutral and they hold a sand bag and you look for abnormal widening of the space.

Explanation

A stress view of the AC joint, patient is neutral and they hold a sand bag and you look for abnormal widening of the space.

24. What is the thrid most injured bone in the wrist?

Trapezium

Trapezoid

Triquetum

Hamate

Scaphoid

25.

What is this view?

Axillary view

AP shoulder in external rotation

Glenoid fossa view

AP shoulder in internal rotation

26. How are shoulder dislocations usually divided?

In the position of the humerus relative to the glenoid fossa

In the direction in which the humerus exits the joint

Into anterior and posterior dislocations only

27. A colles fracture is an ____________ fracture.

Intraarticular

Extra articular

Colles - extra articular, Barton - intrarticular.

Explanation

Colles - extra articular, Barton - intrarticular.

28. You are looking at a posterior view of the shoulder and you observe the humeral head touching the glenoid. Is this normal?

Yes, the humeral head always touches the glenoid

No, the humeral head should never touch the glenoid

29. Most ___________ fractures are secondary to a fall on an outstretched hand with a pronated forearm.

Gallezi

Metarcapal head

Colles

30. What view comes in handy if you cannot get a good view of a suspected posterior shoulder dislocation?

Glenoid fossa view

AP internal rotation

AP external rotation

31. What is the diagnosis?

Radial head fracture

Radial neck fracture

Humeral condyle fracture

Ulna fracture

32. What is the second bone that is usually fractured in wrist injuries?

Trapezoid

Trapezium

Capitate

Lunate

Pisiform

33.

Elbow lateral view

Wrist lateral iew

Wrist medial view

Wrist AP

34. Over 95% of shoulde dislocations are anterior. They usually occur in the following three ways:

Forced adduction

Forced abduction

External rotation

Internal rotation

Extension

Submit

35.

What is the position of this shoulder disolocation?

Subcoracoid

Subclavicular

Subglenoid

Subacromial

36. Are humeral neck fractures rare or common?

Rare

Common

37.

Which tendinitis is evident in this x-ray?

Infraspinatus

Supraspinatus

Teres minor

Teres major

Subscapularis

38.

Forearm lateral view

Forearm medial view

Forearm AP view

39.

Wrist AP view

Wrist PA view

Oblique wrist

Lateral wrist

40. Anterior shoulder dislocations can be further divided according to how the humeral head lies. What is the most common anterior shoulder dislocation?

Subclavicular

Subalenoid

Subcoracoid

Intrathoracic

41.

Name the following anterior shoulder injury:

Subclavicular

Subglenoid

Subcoracoid

Intrathoracic

42. What is the name of the most common distal radial fracture that is particulalry common in osteoporotic women?

Gallezi

Colles

Bankhart

Barton fracture

43.

Is this view usually very useful?

Yes

No

This is the axillary transaxial view which is not usually very useful.

Explanation

This is the axillary transaxial view which is not usually very useful.

44. What view is key for visualizing radial neck fractures?

AP view elbow

Medial view elbow

Lateral view elbow

45. Which shoulder dislocation anterior, posterior or inferior may occur due to electrocution, direct trauma or a seizure. It can also be the result of strength imbalance within the rotator cuff muscles.

Posterior