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- 1.
Salma, with suspected rheumatic fever, is admitted to the pediatric unit. When obtaining the child’s history, the nurse considers which information to be most important?
- A.
A fever that started 3 days ago
- B.
Lack of interest in food
- C.
A recent episode of pharyngitis
- D.
Vomiting for 2 days
Correct Answer
C. A recent episode of pharyngitisExplanation
A recent episode of pharyngitis is the most important factor in establishing the diagnosis of rheumatic fever. Although the child may have a history of fever or vomiting or lack interest in food, these findings are not specific to rheumatic fever.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Nurse Rola is administering a medication via the intraosseous route to a child. Intraosseous drug administration is typically used when a child is:
- A.
Under age 3
- B.
Over age 3
- C.
Critically ill and under age 3
- D.
Critically ill and over age 3
Correct Answer
C. Critically ill and under age 3Explanation
In an emergency, intraosseous drug administration is typically used when a child is critically ill and under age 3.Rate this question:
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- 3.
When assessing a child’s cultural background, the nurse in charge should keep in mind that:
- A.
Cultural background usually has little bearing on a family’s health practices
- B.
Physical characteristics mark the child as part of a particular culture
- C.
Heritage dictates a group’s shared values
- D.
Behavioral patterns are passed from one generation to the next
Correct Answer
D. Behavioral patterns are passed from one generation to the nextExplanation
A family’s behavioral patterns and values are passed from one generation to the next. Cultural background commonly plays a major role in determining a family’s health practices. Physical characteristics do not indicate a child’s culture. Although heritage plays a role in culture, it does not dictate a group’s shared values and its effect on culture is weaker than that of behavioral patterns.Rate this question:
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- 4.
While examining a 2-year-old child, the nurse in charge sees that the anterior fontanel is open. The nurse should:
- A.
Notify the doctor
- B.
Look for other signs of abuse
- C.
Recognize this as a normal finding
- D.
Ask about a family history of Tay-Sachs disease
Correct Answer
A. Notify the doctorExplanation
Because the anterior fontanel normally closes between ages 12 and 18 months, the nurse should notify the doctor promptly of this finding. An open fontanel does not indicate abuse and is not associated with Tay-Sachs disease.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The nurse is aware that the most common assessment finding in a child with ulcerative colitis is:
- A.
Intense abdominal cramps
- B.
Profuse diarrhea
- C.
Anal fissures
- D.
Abdominal distention
Correct Answer
B. Profuse diarrheaExplanation
Ulcerative colitis causes profuse diarrhea, intense abdominal cramps, anal fissures, and abdominal distentions are more common in Crohn’s disease.Rate this question:
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- 6.
When administering an I.M. injection to an infant, the nurse in charge should use which site?
- A.
Deltoid
- B.
Dorsogluteal
- C.
Ventrogluteal
- D.
Vastus lateralis
Correct Answer
D. Vastus lateralisExplanation
The recommended injection site for an infant is the vastus lateralis or rectus femoris muscles. The deltoid is inappropriate. The dorsogluteal and ventrogluteal sites can be used only in toddlers who have been walking for about 1 year.Rate this question:
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- 7.
A child with a poor nutritional status and weight loss is at risk for a negative nitrogen balance. To help diagnose this problem, the nurse in charge anticipates that the doctor will order which laboratory test?
- A.
Total iron-binding capacity
- B.
Hemoglobin
- C.
Total protein
- D.
Serum transferrin
Correct Answer
C. Total proteinExplanation
A negative nitrogen balance may result from inadequate protein intake and is best detected by measuring the total protein level. Measuring total iron-binding capacity, hemoglobin, and serum transferrin levels would help detect iron-deficiency anemia, not a negative nitrogen balance.Rate this question:
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- 8.
When developing a plan of care for a male adolescent, the nurse considers the child’s psychosocial needs. During adolescence, psychosocial development focuses on:
- A.
Becoming industrious
- B.
Establishing an identity
- C.
Achieving intimacy
- D.
Developing initiative
Correct Answer
B. Establishing an identityExplanation
According to Erikson, the primary psychosocial task during adolescence is to establish a personal identity confusion. The adolescent attempts to establish a group identity by seeking acceptance and approval from peers, and strives to attain a personal identity by becoming more independent from the family. Becoming industrious is the developmental task of the school-age child, achieving intimacy is the task of the young adult, and developing initiative is the task of the preschooler.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Nurse Walid suspects that a child, age 4, is being neglected physically. To best assess the child’s nutritional status, the nurse should ask the parents which question?
- A.
“Has your child always been so thin?”
- B.
“Is your child a picky eater?”
- C.
“What did your child eat for breakfast?”
- D.
“Do you think your child eats enough?”
Correct Answer
C. “What did your child eat for breakfast?”Explanation
The nurse should obtain objective information about the child’s nutritional intake, such as by asking about what the child ate for a specific meal. The other options ask for subjective replies that would be open to interpretation.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A female child, age 2, is brought to the emergency department after ingesting an unknown number of aspirin tablets about 30 minutes earlier. On entering the examination room, the child is crying and clinging to the mother. Which data should the nurse obtain first?
- A.
Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure
- B.
Recent exposure to communicable diseases
- C.
Number of immunizations received
- D.
Height and weight
Correct Answer
A. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressureExplanation
The most important data to obtain on a child’s arrival in the emergency department are vital sign measurements. The nurse should gather the other data later.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A mother asks the nurse how to handle her 5-year-old child, who recently started wetting the pants after being completely toilet trained. The child just started attending nursery school 2 days a week. Which principle should guide the nurse’s response?
- A.
The child forgets previously learned skills
- B.
The child experiences growth while regressing, regrouping, and then progressing
- C.
The parents may refer less mature behaviors
- D.
The child returns to a level of behavior that increases the sense of security.
Correct Answer
D. The child returns to a level of behavior that increases the sense of security.Explanation
The stress of starting nursery school may trigger a return to a level of successful behavior from earlier stages of development. A child’s skills remain intact, although increased stress may prevent the child from using these skills. Growth occurs when the child does not regress. Parents rarely desire less mature behaviors.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A female child, age 6, is brought to the health clinic for a routine checkup. To assess the child’s vision, the nurse should ask:
- A.
“Do you have any problems seeing different colors?”
- B.
“Do you have trouble seeing at night?”
- C.
“Do you have problems with glare?”
- D.
“How are you doing in school?”
Correct Answer
D. “How are you doing in school?”Explanation
A child’s poor progress in school may indicate a visual disturbance. The other options are more appropriate questions to ask when assessing vision in a geriatric patient.Rate this question:
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Jul 22, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Oct 05, 2016Quiz Created by
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