Nondisjunction and chromosomal Abnormalities quiz

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  • 1/10 Questions

    What would you call the failure of one or more pairs of sister chromatids to separate normally during meiosis?

    • Anaphase I
    • Nondisjunction
    • Nondiploidy
    • Karyotype
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About This Quiz

Do you know about nondisjunction and chromosomal abnormalities? Take this nondisjunction and chromosomal abnormalities quiz to test your knowledge. Basically, nondisjunction and chromosomal abnormality are related to the function of chromosomes. If you want to test your knowledge of these abnormalities, this quiz will be a great help. Go for it and try this quiz. All the best for this practice test. Do share the quiz with others who wish to test their knowledge.

Nondisjunction And Chromosomal Abnormalities Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Down's syndrome occurs because of a(n)

    • Additional 21st chromosome

    • Additional 18th chromosome

    • Extra sex chromosome

    • Missing sex chromosome

    Correct Answer
    A. Additional 21st chromosome
    Explanation
    Down's syndrome occurs because of an additional 21st chromosome. Normally, a person has two copies of each chromosome, but individuals with Down's syndrome have three copies of chromosome 21. This extra genetic material disrupts the normal development and causes the characteristic physical and intellectual disabilities associated with the syndrome.

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  • 3. 

    What could be the result of nondisjunction?

    • Trisomy conditions

    • Monosomy conditions

    • Additional sex chromosomes

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    Nondisjunction is the failure of chromosomes to separate properly during cell division. This can result in various genetic conditions. Trisomy conditions occur when there is an extra copy of a chromosome, such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21). Monosomy conditions occur when there is a missing copy of a chromosome, such as Turner syndrome (monosomy X). Nondisjunction can also lead to the presence of additional sex chromosomes, such as Klinefelter syndrome (XXY) or Turner syndrome (X0). Therefore, all of the options mentioned (trisomy conditions, monosomy conditions, additional sex chromosomes) can be the result of nondisjunction.

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  • 4. 

    The phase in mitosis where chromosomes move away and are pulled apart by spindles to opposite sides of the cell.

    • Prophase

    • Telephase

    • Metaphase

    • Anaphase

    Correct Answer
    A. Anaphase
    Explanation
    Anaphase is the correct answer because it is the phase in mitosis where the chromosomes move away from each other and are pulled apart by spindle fibers towards opposite poles of the cell. During anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and become individual chromosomes, which are then pulled towards the opposite ends of the cell. This movement ensures that each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes during cell division.

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  • 5. 

    If a child had a karyotype that had 23 + 23 + 23 chromosomes or 23 + 24, it would be:

    • An irregular number of chromosomes

    • Within the range of normal

    • A structural modification in the chromosomes

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. An irregular number of chromosomes
    Explanation
    If a child had a karyotype with 23 + 23 + 23 chromosomes or 23 + 24, it would be considered an irregular number of chromosomes. A normal karyotype for a human has 46 chromosomes, with 23 pairs. Any deviation from this number would be considered abnormal and indicate an irregular number of chromosomes.

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  • 6. 

    What can occur if the chromosomes fail to separate correctly during the anaphase of meiosis?

    • Meiosis never completes

    • Chromosomes of the sex cell are halved

    • Extra chromosomes are found in the sex cell

    • Chromosomes of the sex cell are doubled

    Correct Answer
    A. Extra chromosomes are found in the sex cell
    Explanation
    During the anaphase of meiosis, chromosomes are supposed to separate correctly and move to opposite poles of the cell. However, if they fail to separate correctly, it can result in extra chromosomes being found in the sex cell. This is known as nondisjunction, where chromosomes do not separate evenly, leading to an abnormal number of chromosomes in the resulting sex cell. This can have significant consequences, as it can lead to genetic disorders or abnormalities in offspring if the abnormal sex cell is involved in fertilization.

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  • 7. 

    Which of the following statements is NOT true about Karyotypes?

    • Sex chromosomes are found at the end

    • Having missing or extra chromosomes does not indicate a disorder

    • A normal karyotype has 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs

    • Chromosomes (pairs 1-22) are arranged by size

    Correct Answer
    A. Having missing or extra chromosomes does not indicate a disorder
    Explanation
    This statement is not true because having missing or extra chromosomes can indicate a disorder. For example, Down syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. Additionally, missing or extra chromosomes can lead to other genetic disorders and abnormalities.

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  • 8. 

    Inherited chromosomal abnormalities usually result from:

    • A failure of the mother's uterus and placenta in carrying a fetus to full term

    • Inadequate nutrition and medical care during early infancy

    • Defective sperm or ova

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Defective sperm or ova
    Explanation
    Inherited chromosomal abnormalities usually result from defective sperm or ova. This means that the abnormalities are passed down from the parents to their offspring through the genetic material in the sperm or egg cells. These abnormalities can lead to various genetic disorders or conditions in the child, as the genetic information is not properly transmitted or may be altered.

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  • 9. 

    A structural modification of a chromosome might be:

    • A miscarriage or spontaneous abortion

    • A karyotype

    • A break in a chromatid arm and its separation from its chromosome

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. A break in a chromatid arm and its separation from its chromosome
    Explanation
    A structural modification of a chromosome refers to any alteration in the normal structure of a chromosome. This can include a break in a chromatid arm and its separation from its chromosome, which is known as a chromosomal deletion. Miscarriage or spontaneous abortion is not a structural modification of a chromosome but rather a pregnancy loss. A karyotype, on the other hand, is a visual representation of the chromosomes in an individual's cells and can be used to detect structural abnormalities. Therefore, the correct answer is a break in a chromatid arm and its separation from its chromosome.

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  • 10. 

    It is likely that as many as __________ newborn infants inherit a chromosomal abnormality.

    • 1 in 118

    • 1 in 57

    • 1 in 1000

    Correct Answer
    A. 1 in 118
    Explanation
    Approximately 1 in 118 newborn infants are likely to inherit a chromosomal abnormality. This suggests that there is a relatively high prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities among newborns.

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  • Aug 16, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
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  • Nov 25, 2022
    Quiz Created by
    Sophia Smith
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