Cell Signaling And Transduction Quiz

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Questions: 12 | Attempts: 939 | Updated: Aug 16, 2023

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Cell Signaling And Transduction Quiz - Quiz

How good your biochemistry knowledge is? Do you know about cell signaling and transduction? Test your knowledge of cell signaling with the quiz below. Signal transduction, also known as cell signaling, is the transmission of cell molecules from outside of the cell to its interior. Here, we have covered a few basic and important questions related to cell communication. If you think you can easily crack those questions, try our quiz. Wish you all the very best to you!

Questions and Answers

1.

Which of the following catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP
- A.
  
  Ca ATPase
- B.
  
  Adenylyl cyclase
- C.
  
  Mg ATPase
- D.
  
  H ATPase
Correct Answer
B. Adenylyl cyclase

Explanation
Adenylyl cyclase is the correct answer because it is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate). This conversion is an important step in many cellular signaling pathways, as cAMP acts as a second messenger to transmit signals within cells. Adenylyl cyclase is responsible for regulating the levels of cAMP in the cell, which in turn regulates various cellular processes such as metabolism, gene expression, and cell growth.

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2.

Diacylglycerol (DAG) activates protein kinase C (PKC) which result in physiological effect.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Diacylglycerol (DAG) is known to activate protein kinase C (PKC), a type of enzyme that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes. When DAG activates PKC, it triggers a cascade of events that ultimately leads to a physiological effect. Therefore, the statement is true.

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3.

Which of the following Is the most studied signaling pathway and occurs in many tissue including cardiac and neural system
- A.
  
  Ca²⁺
- B.
  
  NO/cGMP
- C.
  
  CAMP
- D.
  
  IP₃ and DAG
Correct Answer
B. NO/cGMP

Explanation
The NO/cGMP signaling pathway is the most studied signaling pathway and occurs in many tissues including the cardiac and neural systems. Nitric oxide (NO) is a small molecule that acts as a signaling molecule in the body. It activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase, which then produces cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). cGMP acts as a second messenger and regulates various physiological processes such as smooth muscle relaxation, neurotransmission, and cardiac function. The NO/cGMP pathway has been extensively studied due to its involvement in numerous physiological and pathological processes, making it the most studied signaling pathway.

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4.

Which of the following is a regulator gene that codes for a transcription factor
- A.
  
  C-Myc
- B.
  
  EGFR
- C.
  
  RAS
- D.
  
  SOS
Correct Answer
A. C-Myc

Explanation
c-Myc is a regulator gene that codes for a transcription factor. Transcription factors are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences and regulate the expression of genes. c-Myc is a well-known transcription factor that plays a critical role in cell growth and proliferation. It is involved in various cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and cellular transformation. Dysregulation of c-Myc can lead to the development of cancer. Therefore, c-Myc is a regulator gene that codes for a transcription factor.

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5.

Which of the following is true regarding cyclic Adenine monophosphate
- A.
  
  When ATP is converted to cAMP it activates protein kinase A
- B.
  
  Stimulatory ligands bind to stimulatory receptors and activate adenylyl cyclase via Gs
- C.
  
  Protein kinase A dephosphorylates proteins
- D.
  
  Result in physiological effects
Correct Answer(s)
A. When ATP is converted to cAMP it activates protein kinase A
B. Stimulatory ligands bind to stimulatory receptors and activate adenylyl cyclase via Gs
D. Result in pHysiological effects

Explanation
When ATP is converted to cAMP, it activates protein kinase A. This is because cAMP binds to the regulatory subunits of protein kinase A, causing the catalytic subunits to be released and become active. This activation of protein kinase A leads to phosphorylation of target proteins, which can result in various physiological effects. Additionally, stimulatory ligands bind to stimulatory receptors and activate adenylyl cyclase via Gs. Adenylyl cyclase then catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP, further activating protein kinase A and leading to physiological effects.

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6.

IP3/DAG pathway can be activated intracellular via?
- A.
  
  Soluble guanylate cyclase
- B.
  
  Tyrosine kinase
- C.
  
  Adenylyl cyclase
- D.
  
  G protein-coupled receptor
Correct Answer
B. Tyrosine kinase

Explanation
The IP3/DAG pathway can be activated intracellularly via tyrosine kinase. Tyrosine kinases are enzymes that add a phosphate group to tyrosine residues in proteins. When activated, tyrosine kinases can phosphorylate and activate various downstream signaling molecules, including phospholipase C (PLC), which then cleaves phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) into inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). IP3 then binds to its receptor on the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to the release of calcium ions and activation of downstream signaling pathways. Therefore, tyrosine kinase activation can trigger the IP3/DAG pathway.

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7.

NO/cGMP pathway result in activation of protein kinase G (PKG) which produce physiological effects
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The NO/cGMP pathway is known to activate protein kinase G (PKG), which in turn produces physiological effects. This means that when this pathway is activated, it leads to the activation of PKG, which then produces certain physiological effects in the body. Therefore, the statement that the NO/cGMP pathway results in the activation of PKG and produces physiological effects is true.

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8.

CAMP is broken down by which of the following?
- A.
  
  Adenylyl cyclase
- B.
  
  Troponin
- C.
  
  Phosphodiesterase
- D.
  
  ATPase
Correct Answer
C. pHospHodiesterase

Explanation
Phosphodiesterase is responsible for breaking down cAMP. cAMP is a secondary messenger molecule that plays a crucial role in signal transduction within cells. It activates various cellular processes by binding to and activating protein kinases. However, cAMP needs to be regulated to prevent prolonged activation of these processes. Phosphodiesterase breaks down cAMP into AMP, terminating its signaling function. Adenylyl cyclase is responsible for synthesizing cAMP, Troponin is a protein involved in muscle contraction, and ATPase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes ATP.

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9.

Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is nitric oxide (NO) receptor that synthesis cGMP
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is indeed a nitric oxide (NO) receptor that synthesizes cGMP. When NO binds to sGC, it activates the enzyme, leading to the conversion of GTP to cGMP. This signaling pathway is important in various physiological processes, including smooth muscle relaxation, platelet aggregation, and neurotransmission. Therefore, the statement "True" is an accurate description of the role of sGC as an NO receptor that synthesizes cGMP.

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10.

CREB is cAMP response element-binding protein which is a cellular transcription factor. It binds to certain DNA sequences called cAMP response elements (CRE), thereby increasing or decreasing the transcription of the downstream genes
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
CREB is indeed a cAMP response element-binding protein that functions as a transcription factor. It binds to specific DNA sequences known as cAMP response elements (CRE) and regulates the transcription of downstream genes. This means that CREB can either increase or decrease the expression of genes based on its binding to CREs. Therefore, the statement "CREB is a cAMP response element-binding protein that binds to certain DNA sequences called cAMP response elements (CRE), thereby increasing or decreasing the transcription of the downstream genes" is correct.

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11.

IP3 and DAG pathway can be activated intracelular via activation of phospholipase C β .
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The statement is false because IP3 and DAG pathway can be activated intracellularly via activation of phospholipase Cγ, not phospholipase Cβ.

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12.

IP₃ cause the release of Ca²⁺in the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
IP3 is a signaling molecule that binds to receptors on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. When IP3 binds to these receptors, it triggers the release of calcium ions (Ca2+) from the ER into the cytoplasm. This release of Ca2+ is an important cellular signaling event that regulates various cellular processes such as muscle contraction, cell division, and neurotransmitter release. Therefore, the statement that IP3 causes the release of Ca2+ in the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm is true.

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Current Version
Aug 16, 2023

Quiz Edited by
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Nov 11, 2022

Quiz Created by
Themes

Cell Signaling and Transduction Quiz

Which of the following catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP

Diacylglycerol (DAG) activates protein kinase C (PKC) which result in physiological effect.

Which of the following Is the most studied signaling pathway and occurs in many tissue including cardiac and neural system

Which of the following is a regulator gene that codes for a transcription factor

Which of the following is true regarding cyclic Adenine monophosphate

IP3/DAG pathway can be activated intracellular via?

NO/cGMP pathway result in activation of protein kinase G (PKG) which produce physiological effects

CAMP is broken down by which of the following?

Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is nitric oxide (NO) receptor that synthesis cGMP

CREB is cAMP response element-binding protein which is a cellular transcription factor. It binds to certain DNA sequences called cAMP response elements (CRE), thereby increasing or decreasing the transcription of the downstream genes

IP3 and DAG pathway can be activated intracelular via activation of phospholipase C β .

IP3 cause the release of Ca2+ in the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm

IP₃ cause the release of Ca²⁺in the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm