1.
When was Redi's book Esperienze intorno alla generazione degl'insetti was published?
Correct Answer
B. 1668
Explanation
Redi's book "Esperienze intorno alla generazione degl'insetti" was published in 1668.
2.
Who discovered the first ever microscope?
Correct Answer
A. Leeuwenhoek
Explanation
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is credited with discovering the first ever microscope. He was a Dutch scientist who lived in the 17th century. Leeuwenhoek was known for his exceptional skill in crafting lenses, which enabled him to create microscopes with significantly higher magnification than any others at the time. Using these microscopes, he made groundbreaking observations of microorganisms, including bacteria, protozoa, and sperm cells. Leeuwenhoek's discoveries revolutionized the field of microbiology and laid the foundation for the study of microscopic life.
3.
How many jars did Redi use in his experiment?
Correct Answer
C. 3
Explanation
Redi used 3 jars in his experiment.
4.
What was the outcome of Redi's experiment?
Correct Answer
A. It was seen that the flies and maggots were generated from the decomposing meat
Explanation
In Redi's experiment, it was observed that the flies and maggots were generated from the decomposing meat. This observation contradicted the belief in spontaneous generation, which stated that living organisms could arise from non-living matter. Redi's experiment provided evidence against spontaneous generation and supported the idea of biogenesis, which states that living organisms can only come from other living organisms.
5.
Which of the jars used in the experiment was detrimental in showing that "flies only come from flies"?
Correct Answer
A. Cloth covered jar
Explanation
The cloth covered jar was detrimental in showing that "flies only come from flies" because it prevented any flies from entering or exiting the jar. This means that if any flies were observed inside the jar, it would be clear that they had originated from within the jar and not from outside sources.
6.
In Redi's experiment, which was the manipulated variable?
Correct Answer
B. The covering of the containers
Explanation
In Redi's experiment, the manipulated variable was the covering of the containers. This means that Redi purposely changed or manipulated the condition of the containers by covering them. By doing so, he was able to test the hypothesis that the presence of flies on the meat was due to them being able to access it. By covering some of the containers, Redi was able to control the variable of fly access and observe whether the presence of flies decreased.
7.
What was the measured variable in Redi's experiment?
Correct Answer
C. The presence of maggots
Explanation
In Redi's experiment, the measured variable was the presence of maggots. Redi conducted an experiment to disprove the theory of spontaneous generation, which suggested that maggots could arise spontaneously from decaying meat. He set up two groups of jars, one covered with a cloth and the other left open. The group of jars left open showed the presence of maggots, while the group covered with a cloth did not. This demonstrated that maggots only appeared when flies were able to access the meat, supporting the idea of biogenesis.
8.
What was the control group in Redi's experiment?
Correct Answer
A. The container without a covering
Explanation
In Redi's experiment, the control group refers to the container without a covering. This group serves as a baseline for comparison, as it allows the researcher to observe and compare the natural occurrence of maggots in the absence of any external factors such as flies or meat. By having a control group, Redi could determine whether the presence of maggots in the experimental groups was due to the presence of flies or the meat itself, or if it occurred spontaneously.
9.
Which scientist wrongly proved the theory of spontaneous generation?
Correct Answer
A. Needham
Explanation
Needham is the scientist who wrongly proved the theory of spontaneous generation. He conducted an experiment where he boiled broth and then sealed it in a flask. However, microorganisms still appeared in the flask, leading him to conclude that spontaneous generation had occurred. Later, it was discovered that the flask was not properly sealed, allowing microorganisms from the air to contaminate the broth. This experiment was later repeated by Spallanzani, who properly sealed the flask and found no growth of microorganisms, disproving the theory of spontaneous generation.
10.
Which scientist used experiment using an S-shaped flask to prove Spallanzani's experiment?
Correct Answer
D. Pasteur
Explanation
Pasteur used an experiment using an S-shaped flask to prove Spallanzani's experiment. This experiment involved boiling a broth in the flask and observed that no microorganisms grew in the broth, even after long periods of time. The S-shaped flask allowed air to enter the flask, but prevented any airborne microorganisms from contaminating the broth. This experiment provided evidence against the theory of spontaneous generation and supported the idea of biogenesis, that living organisms can only arise from other living organisms.