1.
What is the term used to describe the belief in the existence of a higher power or powers?
Correct Answer
C. Monotheism
Explanation
Monotheism is the belief in the existence of a single, supreme deity. It is the opposite of polytheism (belief in multiple deities) and atheism (denial of the existence of deities). Agnosticism, on the other hand, is the belief that the existence of deities is unknown or unknowable.
2.
Which religion believes in the concept of Nirvana as the ultimate goal?
Correct Answer
A. Buddhism
Explanation
Buddhism teaches that Nirvana is the state of liberation from suffering and the cycle of rebirth, which is the ultimate goal. Hinduism also believes in liberation (moksha), but Nirvana is specifically associated with Buddhism. Judaism and Christianity have different beliefs and concepts of salvation.
3.
Which religious text is considered sacred by Muslims?
Correct Answer
C. Quran
Explanation
The Quran is the central religious text of Islam and is considered by Muslims to be a revelation from God (Allah) to the prophet Muhammad. The Bible is important to Christians, the Torah to Jews, and the Vedas to Hindus, but the Quran holds the highest authority in Islam.
4.
Who is the founder of Buddhism?
Correct Answer
A. Buddha
Explanation
Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, who is commonly known as Buddha. Buddha, meaning 'the awakened one', taught the principles of Buddhism after attaining enlightenment. Mahavira is the founder of Jainism, Confucius is associated with Confucianism, and Laozi is credited with founding Taoism.
5.
In which country did the religion of Sikhism originate?
Correct Answer
A. India
Explanation
Sikhism originated in the Punjab region of India during the 15th century. It was founded by Guru Nanak Dev Ji and is characterized by belief in one God, equality, and the importance of selfless service. China, Japan, and Thailand have their own unique religious traditions.
6.
Who is the central figure of Christianity?
Correct Answer
B. Jesus Christ
Explanation
Jesus Christ is the central figure of Christianity. Christians believe that Jesus is the son of God, the Messiah prophesied in the Old Testament, and the savior who died for the sins of humanity. Prophet Muhammad is central to Islam, Moses to Judaism, and Siddhartha Gautama to Buddhism.
7.
Which term refers to the Hindu concept of righteous duty and moral obligation?
Correct Answer
C. Dharma
Explanation
Dharma in Hinduism refers to the moral and ethical duties and responsibilities that individuals must follow according to their social status, caste, and stage of life. It encompasses righteousness, duty, law, and order. Karma relates to the consequences of one's actions, Samsara to the cycle of rebirth, and Moksha to liberation.
8.
Which religion believes in the concept of the Holy Trinity?
Correct Answer
C. Christianity
Explanation
Christianity believes in the concept of the Holy Trinity, which consists of God as three persons: the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. Islam and Judaism are strictly monotheistic and do not recognize the Trinity. Buddhism, on the other hand, does not have a concept of a personal God.
9.
Which religion originated in ancient Rome?
Correct Answer
C. Hellenism
Explanation
Hellenism, also known as Greco-Roman religion, originated in ancient Rome during classical antiquity. It was largely based on the beliefs and traditions of ancient Greece. Zoroastrianism originated in ancient Persia, Shintoism in Japan, and the Bahá'í Faith in 19th-century Persia.
10.
Which term is used to describe a Hindu spiritual teacher or guide?
Correct Answer
D. Guru
Explanation
A Guru in Hinduism is a spiritual teacher or guide who imparts knowledge and guidance to disciples. The Pope is the leader of the Roman Catholic Church, a Rabbi is a Jewish religious leader, and a Monk is a member of a religious community who renounces worldly pursuits.