Quiz Theory Of Evolution

1.

According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, individuals who survive are the ones best adapted for their enviroment.Their survival is due to the?

A.

Possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness
B.

Competing with other species
C.

Adaptation to their habitat
D.

Dawin's theory of natural selection

Correct Answer
A. Possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness

Explanation
According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, individuals who survive are the ones best adapted for their environment. This means that they possess inherited adaptations that maximize their fitness, or their ability to survive and reproduce. These adaptations can include physical traits, behaviors, or genetic variations that give them an advantage in their specific habitat. Through the process of natural selection, individuals with these advantageous adaptations are more likely to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation, leading to the evolution of species over time.

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2.

When a farmer selects and breeds his or her best livestock, the process invovled is?

A.

Natural selection
B.

Artifical selection
C.

Selective breeding
D.

Nature's callin

Correct Answer
C. Selective breeding

Explanation
Selective breeding is the process in which farmers choose and mate their best livestock to produce offspring with desired traits. This allows them to selectively enhance certain characteristics such as size, productivity, or resistance to diseases. Unlike natural selection, which is driven by environmental factors, selective breeding is a deliberate and controlled approach aimed at improving the quality and performance of the livestock. It is a common practice in agriculture to achieve desired results and meet specific market demands.

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3.

According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have?

A.

More offspring
B.

Variations best suited for that enviroment
C.

Smaller beaks
D.

Long necks

Correct Answer
B. Variations best suited for that enviroment

Explanation
According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have variations best suited for that environment. This means that individuals with traits that allow them to better adapt to and thrive in their specific environment are more likely to survive and pass on their genes to future generations. These variations can include physical characteristics, behaviors, or other traits that give the individual a competitive advantage in their environment.

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4.

Which of the following phrases best describes the result of natural selection?

A.

Long neck giraffes gettin food frm a tall tree
B.

White tail deer living in a snowy area
C.

Species living in different locations
D.

Changes in the inherited characteristics of a population over time

Correct Answer
D. Changes in the inherited characteristics of a population over time

Explanation
The correct answer is "changes in the inherited characteristics of a population over time." This phrase best describes the result of natural selection because it refers to the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population over generations. Natural selection acts on the inherited characteristics of individuals, favoring those that are beneficial for survival and reproduction, and leading to changes in the overall characteristics of a population over time. The other phrases do not specifically address the concept of natural selection and its effects on populations.

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5.

Two related species of salamanders were found living on opposite sides of a mountain. One species lives in along a shady forest stream on the leaf covered-ground and is brown with dark green spots. The other species live along the bright, sandy banks of a larger river is light tan in color.What is most likely cause of the diffrences between these two speces of salamander?

A.

Different habtats
B.

Mating seasons
C.

Predatation
D.

Competiton

Correct Answer
A. Different habtats

Explanation
The most likely cause of the differences between these two species of salamanders is different habitats. This is evident from the information provided in the question, where one species is found along a shady forest stream on the leaf-covered ground, while the other species lives along the bright, sandy banks of a larger river. The different environmental conditions and resources available in these habitats could have led to the development of distinct characteristics and coloration in each species.

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6.

The finches of the Galapagos islands come in different size and have different beak shapes. What is the most likely reason for the specialization of these finches?

A.

Had very large beaks
B.

Beaks formed to eat different foods
C.

Ancestors had different shapes of beaks
D.

Had small beaks

Correct Answer
B. Beaks formed to eat different foods

Explanation
The most likely reason for the specialization of the finches' beaks is that they formed to eat different foods. This can be inferred from the statement that the finches in the Galapagos islands have different beak shapes, which suggests that their beaks have adapted to suit different types of food sources available on the islands. This specialization in beak shapes allows the finches to efficiently feed on a variety of foods, increasing their chances of survival and reproductive success.

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7.

Ostriches and penguins are examples of fightless birds. These species are closely related to robins, hawks, and other birds that use their wings for flght. What is most likely the reason ostriches and penguins do not have the gift of flight?

A.

They both are too dumb to fly
B.

They both can fly but choose not to
C.

Ostriches and penguins occupy niches in their ecosystems that dont require flight
D.

None of the above

Correct Answer
C. Ostriches and penguins occupy niches in their ecosystems that dont require flight

Explanation
Ostriches and penguins do not have the gift of flight because they occupy niches in their ecosystems that do not require flight. This means that they have adapted to their specific environments where flight is not necessary for survival or for finding food.

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8.

During the Industrial Revolution in Britain, many new factories were built which released dark clouds of smoke into the air. Dark grey moths survived attacks by birds more often than their light grey neighbors. Over time, light grey moths disappeared from the area.This chnge in population is an example of:

A.

Selective breeding
B.

Natural selection
C.

Genetic engineering
D.

Cloning

Correct Answer
B. Natural selection

Explanation
During the Industrial Revolution in Britain, the new factories released dark clouds of smoke into the air, causing the environment to become polluted. As a result, the trees and buildings in the area became covered in dark soot, making it difficult for light grey moths to camouflage and hide from predators. However, dark grey moths, which were better suited to the polluted environment, were able to blend in and avoid being eaten by birds. As a result, the population of light grey moths decreased over time, while the population of dark grey moths increased. This change in population is an example of natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to a change in the population over time.

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9.

Many people make their living by mating male and female english springer spaniels that exhibit certain characteristics and selling their offspring. These individuals are making their living using the process of:

A.

Cloning
B.

Natural selection
C.

Genetic engineering
D.

Selective breeding

Correct Answer
D. Selective breeding

Explanation
The correct answer is selective breeding. This is because the individuals mentioned in the question are intentionally pairing male and female English Springer Spaniels with specific characteristics in order to produce offspring with those desired traits. This process involves selecting and breeding animals with desired traits over multiple generations to create a population with those characteristics. This is different from cloning, genetic engineering, or natural selection, as those processes do not involve intentionally selecting specific traits in breeding.

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