Action Of Antimicrobial Drugs
Microbial infections are very common and thus it is very important for a medical practitioner to ensure they know the difference between them and when they should be prescribed to a patient. Take up the quiz below and see if you are well equipped to write the prescriptions. Good luck!
- 1.
Penicillin does what?
- A.
Injures plasma membrane
- B.
Inhibits synthesis of enzymes
- C.
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
Correct Answer
C. Inhibits cell wall synthesisExplanation
Penicillin is an antibiotic that inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall in bacteria. The cell wall is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity of bacterial cells. By inhibiting its synthesis, penicillin weakens the cell wall, making it more susceptible to damage and ultimately leading to the death of the bacteria. This mechanism of action makes penicillin effective in treating bacterial infections.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Polymyxin does what?
- A.
Inhibition of transcription of nucleic acids
- B.
Injures plasma membrane
- C.
Inhibits protein synthesis
Correct Answer
B. Injures plasma membraneExplanation
Polymyxin injures the plasma membrane. This antibiotic disrupts the integrity and function of the bacterial cell membrane by interacting with its lipids. This leads to the leakage of cellular contents and ultimately causes cell death.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Quinolones does what?
- A.
Inhibits protein synthesis
- B.
Inhibits nucleic acid replication and transcription
- C.
Inhibits synthesis of essential metabolites
Correct Answer
B. Inhibits nucleic acid replication and transcriptionExplanation
Quinolones are a class of antibiotics that work by inhibiting the replication and transcription of nucleic acids. This means that they interfere with the process of DNA replication and RNA synthesis, which are essential for the reproduction and functioning of bacteria. By inhibiting these processes, quinolones effectively prevent the bacteria from multiplying and spreading, ultimately leading to their death.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Sulfanilamide does what?
- A.
Inhibits synthesis of essential metabolites
- B.
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
- C.
Inhibition of nucleic acid replication
Correct Answer
A. Inhibits synthesis of essential metabolitesExplanation
Sulfanilamide inhibits the synthesis of essential metabolites. This means that it interferes with the production of important molecules that are necessary for the functioning and growth of cells. By inhibiting the synthesis of these metabolites, sulfanilamide can disrupt various cellular processes and ultimately have a detrimental effect on the organism.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Erythromycin does what?
- A.
Inhibition of nucleic acid replication
- B.
Inhibits protein synthesis
- C.
Inhibits synthesis of essential metabolites
Correct Answer
B. Inhibits protein synthesisExplanation
Erythromycin is an antibiotic that belongs to the macrolide class. It works by binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. This prevents the bacteria from producing essential proteins needed for their survival and growth. By inhibiting protein synthesis, erythromycin effectively stops the bacteria from multiplying and spreading, ultimately leading to their death.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Trimethoprim does what?
- A.
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
- B.
Injury to plasma membrane
- C.
Inhibition of synthesis of essential metabolites
Correct Answer
C. Inhibition of synthesis of essential metabolitesExplanation
Trimethoprim is a type of antibiotic that works by inhibiting the synthesis of essential metabolites in bacteria. These essential metabolites are necessary for the bacteria to grow and reproduce. By blocking their synthesis, trimethoprim effectively stops the bacteria from proliferating and spreading infection. This mechanism of action makes trimethoprim an effective treatment for bacterial infections.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Cephalosporins do what?
- A.
Inhibits nucleic acid replication and transcription
- B.
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
- C.
Inhibits protein synthesis
Correct Answer
B. Inhibition of cell wall synthesisExplanation
Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics that work by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. The cell wall is essential for the structural integrity of bacteria, and by inhibiting its synthesis, cephalosporins weaken the cell wall, leading to the death of the bacteria. This mechanism of action is effective against a wide range of bacterial infections. In contrast, inhibiting nucleic acid replication and transcription or protein synthesis are mechanisms of action associated with other classes of antibiotics, not cephalosporins.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Bacitracin does what?
- A.
Inhibits protein synthesis
- B.
Inhibition of synthesis of essential metabolites
- C.
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
Correct Answer
C. Inhibits cell wall synthesisExplanation
Bacitracin is an antibiotic that is known to inhibit cell wall synthesis. Cell walls are essential for the structural integrity and protection of bacterial cells. By inhibiting the synthesis of cell walls, bacitracin weakens the bacterial cell membrane, making it more susceptible to damage and ultimately leading to cell death. This mechanism of action makes bacitracin effective in treating bacterial infections.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Chloramphenicol does what?
- A.
Inhibits protein synthesis
- B.
Inhibition of nucleic acid replication and transcription
- C.
Inhibits synthesis of essential metabolites
Correct Answer
A. Inhibits protein synthesisExplanation
Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. It binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, preventing the formation of peptide bonds and thus blocking the production of proteins necessary for bacterial growth and survival. This inhibitory effect on protein synthesis makes chloramphenicol an effective treatment for bacterial infections.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Streptomycin does what?
- A.
Injury to plasma wall
- B.
Inhibits protein synthesis
- C.
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
Correct Answer
B. Inhibits protein synthesisExplanation
Streptomycin is an antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis. It works by binding to the bacterial ribosome, which is responsible for synthesizing proteins. By binding to the ribosome, streptomycin disrupts the process of protein synthesis, preventing the bacteria from producing essential proteins needed for their survival and growth. This ultimately leads to the inhibition of bacterial growth and the control of bacterial infections.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Rifampin does what?
- A.
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
- B.
Inhibits nucleic acid replication and transcription
- C.
Inhibits synthesis of essential metabolites
Correct Answer
B. Inhibits nucleic acid replication and transcription -
- 12.
Vancomycin does what?
- A.
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
- B.
Injury to plasma wall
- C.
Inhibits protein synthesis
Correct Answer
A. Inhibits cell wall synthesisExplanation
Vancomycin is an antibiotic that inhibits cell wall synthesis. Cell walls are a crucial component of bacteria, providing structural support and protection. By inhibiting the synthesis of cell walls, vancomycin disrupts the integrity of bacterial cells, leading to their death. This mechanism of action makes vancomycin effective against a wide range of Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE).Rate this question:
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- 13.
Tetracyclines does what?
- A.
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
- B.
Inhibits nucleic acid replication and transcription
- C.
Inhibits protein synthesis
Correct Answer
C. Inhibits protein synthesisExplanation
Tetracyclines are a class of antibiotics that work by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. By binding to the bacterial ribosome, tetracyclines prevent the attachment of amino acids to the growing peptide chain, thereby inhibiting the production of essential proteins needed for bacterial growth and survival. This ultimately leads to the inhibition of bacterial growth and the control of bacterial infections.Rate this question:
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Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
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Current Version
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Mar 18, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Nov 04, 2010Quiz Created by
Dh0222080