Building Technology Quiz Questions And Answers

When designing a stair, the height of the riser is determined by dividing the overall height of the stair by the number of risers. This calculation ensures that each individual riser is of equal height, resulting in a safe and comfortable staircase to climb. By dividing the height evenly, it helps to maintain consistency and prevent any potential tripping hazards. Therefore, the correct answer is "Risers".

A skylight is an opening in the roof that allows natural light to enter a building. It is often made of glass or other transparent materials to maximize the amount of light that can pass through. Skylights are commonly used in buildings where there is limited access to windows or to create a sense of openness and connection with the outdoors. Therefore, the correct answer is Skylight.

Volume is the correct answer because it is the measurement of space in three dimensions, typically expressed in cubic units. Area, on the other hand, measures the amount of space within a two-dimensional shape, while perimeter is the measurement of the distance around a two-dimensional shape. None of These is not the correct answer because volume is the appropriate term for measuring space in cubic units.

The correct answer is "Span" because it refers to the distance between two structural supports. In construction or engineering, the span is the length or distance between two points of support, such as beams or columns. It is an important measurement in determining the structural integrity and load-bearing capacity of a structure.

A roll-up door is made up of small horizontal interlocking metal slats that are guided in a track. These slats coil around an overhead drum, which is housed at the head of the opening. This type of door can be operated manually or with a motor.

To find the number of risers in a stair, the height of the stair is divided by the height of each riser. This calculation helps determine the total number of steps needed for the stair design. By dividing the height of the stair by the height of each riser, one can ensure that the steps are evenly spaced and meet safety standards.

A facia is a vertical board that is attached to the ends of the rafters. It is a part of the cornice, which is the decorative molding that runs along the top edge of a building. The facia board not only adds aesthetic appeal to the structure but also serves as a functional component by providing support and protection to the rafters. Therefore, the correct answer is Facia.

A facade refers to the face or front elevation of a building. It is the exterior side of a building that is visible from the street or public area. The facade is often designed to be aesthetically pleasing and can include architectural features, such as windows, doors, and decorative elements. It serves as the "face" of the building and gives it its overall appearance and character.

Prefabrication refers to the process of constructing components of a building or structure off-site, in a controlled environment, and then transporting them to the construction site for assembly. This method allows for increased efficiency, quality control, and cost savings. Prefabrication involves pre-constructing various elements, such as walls, floors, and roofs, as individual components that are later integrated into the final structure. This approach streamlines the construction process and reduces the time required for on-site assembly, resulting in faster project completion.

Accelerators are admixtures that are added to concrete to speed up the initial setting time. They increase the rate of early strength development, allowing the concrete to gain strength quickly. This can be beneficial in situations where fast construction is required or when the concrete needs to be used in cold weather conditions where the setting time may be prolonged. Accelerators work by increasing the rate of hydration, which is the chemical reaction that causes the concrete to harden. By speeding up this process, accelerators help to achieve the desired strength in a shorter period of time.

A lintel is a horizontal piece of wood, stone, steel, or concrete that is placed across the top of a door or window opening. Its purpose is to bear the weight of the walls above the opening, providing support and stability. Lintels are commonly used in construction to distribute the load evenly and prevent the walls from collapsing or sagging. They are essential for maintaining the structural integrity of the building and ensuring the safety of the occupants.

A lap joint is a type of joint where two pieces of material are overlapped and joined together. This joint is commonly used in woodworking and metalworking. It provides a strong connection between the two pieces, as the overlapping sections increase the surface area for bonding and create a larger contact area. The lap joint is relatively easy to construct and does not require complex tools or techniques. It is commonly used in applications where strength and stability are required, such as in furniture construction or in the joining of structural beams.

Glazing is the correct answer because it refers to the process of installing glass in windows or doors. It involves securing the glass with putty or another adhesive material to create a watertight and airtight seal. This is a common practice in construction and carpentry to provide transparency, insulation, and protection from the elements. The term "glassing" is not commonly used in this context, and "none of these" does not accurately describe the process of placing glass in windows or doors.

Cement is the most important component to determine the strength of a concrete mix. This is because cement is responsible for binding the other materials together and creating a solid and durable structure. It acts as a glue, providing cohesion and strength to the concrete. Without sufficient cement, the concrete mix would not be able to hold together and would lack the necessary strength to withstand various forces and loads. Therefore, the correct answer is cement.

The total of all the tread widths in a stair is called the "Total Run." The total run refers to the horizontal distance covered by all the treads in a staircase, from the first step to the last step. It is an important measurement to consider when designing and constructing stairs, as it determines the overall length and space required for the staircase.

Load bearing walls are designed to support the weight from above, such as the roof or upper floors, as well as their own dead weight. These walls are an integral part of the structural system of a building and are responsible for transferring the loads to the foundation. Unlike curtain walls, which are non-structural and mainly serve as an enclosure, load bearing walls play a crucial role in maintaining the stability and strength of the structure. Shoring walls, on the other hand, are temporary walls used during construction to support adjacent structures or excavations. Therefore, the correct answer is load bearing walls.

Peeling is the correct answer because it accurately describes the paint defect mentioned in the question. Peeling occurs when the paint does not adhere properly to the surface, resulting in the film getting stripped off in large pieces. This can happen when the paint is applied on a damp or greasy surface, causing imperfect adhesion.

A chase is a vertical space in a building that is specifically designed to accommodate ducts, pipes, wires, and cables. It is usually enclosed and provides a dedicated pathway for these utilities, allowing for easy access and maintenance. The other options, such as crevice, niche, and trench, do not specifically refer to a vertical space intended for utilities but rather have different meanings.

The correct answer is "A Fireproof Door With Metal Covering". This suggests that the Kalomein door is designed to be fireproof and has a metal covering, which adds an extra layer of protection. The metal covering helps to prevent the door from catching fire or being damaged by heat. This makes the door suitable for areas where fire safety is a concern, such as commercial buildings or industrial settings.

A common wall refers to a wall that is shared by two dwelling units. It acts as a separation between the two units and is commonly known as a party wall. This wall is not an exterior wall or a perimeter wall, as those terms refer to walls that enclose or surround a property. Therefore, the correct answer is Common Wall.

Rip-rap refers to stones or rocks that are placed on a slope or shoreline to prevent erosion. These stones act as a protective barrier, absorbing the impact of water and preventing it from washing away the soil or sediment. Rip-rap is commonly used in areas with high water flow or wave action, such as riverbanks, coastlines, or slopes prone to erosion. By providing stability and reducing the force of water, rip-rap helps to maintain the integrity of the slope and prevent further erosion.

Asintada is the correct answer because it is a vernacular term used in the Philippines for the process of laying Concrete Hollow Blocks (CHB). It refers to the act of aligning the blocks in a straight and level manner, ensuring that they are properly positioned and tightly packed together.

The stakes and batter board in a construction layouting procedure refer to vertical and horizontal wood sticks and lumber used to determine the elevation and distances of the reference points of the proposed building. These tools are essential for accurately marking and measuring the layout of the building, ensuring that it is constructed according to the intended design and specifications.

A flat slab is a type of concrete floor that does not have any beams. It is a simple and economical construction method where the slab directly rests on the columns without any intermediary beams. This type of slab provides a flat and smooth surface, making it suitable for areas with heavy loads or where flexibility in space planning is required. The absence of beams also allows for easy installation of services such as electrical and plumbing systems. Therefore, the correct answer for the given question is Flat Slab.

A retaining wall is a structure that is designed to hold back or retain soil or other materials. It is typically used to prevent erosion or to create a level surface for construction. In the given context, a wall that holds back an earth embankment would be referred to as a retaining wall. This type of wall is specifically designed to resist the lateral pressure exerted by the soil or other materials being retained. Therefore, the correct answer is retaining wall.

The term "S4S" stands for "Smooth on Four Sides." This means that the lumber has been planed or sanded so that all four sides are smooth and free from roughness or imperfections. This makes the lumber ready to use for various applications without the need for further surfacing or finishing.

The internal angle formed by the two roof slopes of a roof is called a valley. A valley is a V-shaped channel that is formed when two roof slopes meet at an angle. It is typically created to direct rainwater or snowmelt down the roof and into the gutter system. Valleys are an important component of a roof's drainage system, as they help prevent water from pooling and causing damage to the roof.

Rebokada is the correct answer because it is a vernacular term for rough plastering. It is a process where a rough layer of plaster is applied to a wall or surface to create texture and provide a base for further finishing. This term is commonly used in certain regions or communities to refer to this specific type of plastering technique.

The term "chord" is used to indicate the top and lower principal members of a roof or bridge truss. In a truss structure, the chords are the horizontal members that provide stability and support to the structure. They are usually made of steel or timber and are placed at the top and bottom of the truss. The chords distribute the load evenly across the truss and help to resist bending and twisting forces.

A one-way concrete slab is used when the slab is being supported by two parallel beams. This means that the load of the slab is transferred to the beams in a single direction, usually perpendicular to the length of the beams. This type of slab design is commonly used in buildings and structures where the load distribution is predictable and the beams can provide sufficient support. By using two parallel beams, the slab can effectively distribute the load and prevent excessive deflection or failure.

A grade beam is a type of concrete beam that is placed directly on the ground to provide a foundation for the superstructure. It is commonly used in construction to distribute the weight of the building evenly and to support the load from the walls and columns. Grade beams are typically reinforced with steel bars to increase their strength and durability. They are designed to transfer the load from the superstructure to the ground, helping to stabilize the building and prevent settlement or movement.

An escutcheon is a decorative plate that is used to cover the hardware on a door, such as the knob and lockset keyhole. It adds a decorative element to the door while also providing a functional purpose of covering the hardware and protecting it from damage. The other options, embellisher and push plate, do not specifically refer to the hardware on a door or its function of accommodating the knob and lockset keyhole.

A hip roof is a type of roof that has four sloping sides. Unlike a gable roof, which has two sloping sides, a hip roof has all four sides sloping downwards towards the walls. This design provides better stability and wind resistance compared to a gable roof. The sloping sides of a hip roof also allow for better drainage and can be more aesthetically pleasing. Therefore, a hip roof is the correct answer in this case.

The correct answer is XYLEM because Xylem is the scientific name for the tissue that makes up wood in plants. Xylem is responsible for transporting water and nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plant. It is composed of specialized cells that are arranged in a way that allows for efficient water movement.

To find the volume of water in a cylindrical tank, the height of the tank is needed. The volume of a cylinder is calculated by multiplying the area of its base by its height. The diameter and radius are not sufficient to determine the volume of the tank. Therefore, the correct answer is height.

Knots are a type of wood defect that occur when a branch grows out of the main trunk of a tree and becomes embedded in the wood. They appear as circular or oval-shaped dark spots in the grain of the wood. Knots can weaken the structural integrity of the wood and may cause problems during woodworking or construction. They can also affect the appearance of the wood, especially if they are large or numerous. Knots are a common defect in many types of wood and can vary in size and severity.

Softwood is the correct answer because it refers to wood that comes from trees with needle leaves, rather than broad leaves. Softwoods come from coniferous trees, such as pine, spruce, and fir. These trees have needle-like leaves that are typically evergreen. Softwood is known for its light weight, straight grain, and relatively low density. It is commonly used for construction, furniture, and paper production. Mahogany and ironwood are types of hardwood, which come from trees with broad leaves.

A girder is a major horizontal supporting member of a floor system. It is designed to carry heavy loads and distribute them to the supporting columns or walls. Girders are typically made of steel or reinforced concrete and are used in larger structures such as bridges or multi-story buildings. They provide stability and strength to the floor system, ensuring that it can support the weight of the structure and any additional loads placed on it.

A pit in a basement floor made to collect water into which a pump is placed to pump the liquid to the sewer pipe is called a sump. A sump is commonly used to prevent flooding or water damage in basements by collecting and removing excess water. The pump in the sump helps to pump the collected water out of the pit and into the sewer pipe, effectively managing the water drainage system.

Grading is the act of excavating or filling of earth or any sound material or combination thereof, in preparation for a finishing surface such as paving. This process involves leveling the ground, removing any excess soil or debris, and adding or compacting soil as needed to create a smooth and even surface for construction or landscaping purposes. It is an essential step in site preparation to ensure proper drainage, stability, and aesthetics of the finished project.

The correct answer is "Left Hand." In this type of "hands of door," the hinge is located on the left side and the door opens by swinging into the room to the left.

Flashing is used to seal the roof intersection and other exposed areas on the exterior of a building. It is typically made of metal, such as aluminum or copper, and is installed to prevent water from entering the building. Flashing is an essential component of a watertight building envelope as it directs water away from vulnerable areas, such as roof valleys, chimneys, and skylights, ensuring that the building remains protected from water damage.

A purlin is a structural member that spans from truss-to-truss or supports rafters. It is commonly used in construction to provide additional support and stability to the roof or walls of a building. Purlins are typically made of wood or steel and are placed horizontally across the length of the structure. They help distribute the weight of the roof or walls evenly and prevent sagging or collapsing.

Stripping refers to the process of removing concrete forms from the cured concrete. Once the concrete has hardened and gained enough strength, the forms that were used to shape and support the concrete during the curing process are taken off. This is done to reveal the finished concrete surface and allow for further construction or finishing work to take place. Stripping is an essential step in the construction process as it allows for the reuse of the forms and ensures that the concrete is ready for the next stage of the project.

Formworks refers to the process of constructing temporary structures, usually made of wood or metal, to support and shape concrete or other materials during the construction of a building. These formworks are used to create the desired shape and structure of walls, columns, beams, and other structural elements. The term "putting up the skeleton of the building" implies the initial construction phase where the formworks are installed to create the framework or skeleton of the building before the actual construction work begins.

Balloon framing is the correct answer because it is a building frame construction system that utilizes one-piece structural studs extending from the foundation to the roof. In this method, long continuous studs are used to create the vertical framework of the building, providing stability and support. This type of framing was commonly used in the 19th century but has been largely replaced by other methods in modern construction.

Live load refers to the occupancy load that is either partially or fully in place or may not be present at all. This load is temporary and can vary in magnitude and location. It includes the weight of people, furniture, equipment, and any other movable objects. Unlike dead load, which is the permanent weight of the structure itself, live load is dynamic and can change over time. It is an important consideration in the design and construction of buildings and structures to ensure their safety and structural integrity.

Sandstone is the correct answer because it is a type of rock composed of silica grains. It is known for its various colors, including gray, buff, light brown, and red. Granite is not the correct answer because it is composed of different minerals, not silica grains. Marble is also not the correct answer as it is mainly composed of calcite or dolomite minerals. Limestone is also not the correct answer as it is primarily composed of calcium carbonate.

A caisson is a watertight chamber that is used in underwater construction projects. It allows workers to carry out construction work underwater by creating a dry environment within the chamber. The caisson is submerged into the water and then pumped out, creating a space where workers can operate without being affected by the water pressure. This method is commonly used in the construction of bridges, piers, and other structures that require underwater work. Therefore, the correct answer is caisson.

A contraction joint is a type of joint that is used to allow for expected movements between adjacent parts of a structure. These movements can occur due to factors such as temperature changes or settling of the structure. The purpose of a contraction joint is to prevent cracking or damage that may occur if the structure is not able to accommodate these movements. Therefore, a contraction joint is the correct answer in this case.