Chapter 2 Of Phlebotomy Essentials

1.

The act or threat of harm.

Explanation
Assault refers to the act or threat of harm towards someone. It can involve physical violence, verbal threats, or the display of aggressive behavior that causes fear or apprehension in the victim. This term is commonly used in legal contexts to describe a criminal offense where one person intentionally causes harm or creates a reasonable fear of harm in another person. Assault can have serious consequences and is considered a violation of personal safety and well-being.

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2.

Educational Standards for program approval.

Explanation
Competencies refer to the specific knowledge, skills, and abilities that individuals need to possess in order to perform effectively in a particular field or job role. In the context of educational standards for program approval, competencies are used to define the expected outcomes and learning objectives that students should achieve upon completion of the program. These competencies serve as benchmarks for evaluating the quality and effectiveness of the educational program, ensuring that it meets the established standards and prepares students for success in their future careers.

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3.

Concerned with actions between private parties.

Explanation
Civil action refers to legal proceedings that are concerned with actions between private parties rather than criminal matters. It is a legal process where one party, known as the plaintiff, seeks a legal remedy or compensation from another party, known as the defendant, for a perceived wrong or harm. Civil actions can cover a wide range of disputes, such as personal injury claims, contract disputes, property disputes, and family law matters. Unlike criminal cases, civil actions do not involve the prosecution of a crime by the government but rather focus on resolving disputes and providing justice between individuals or organizations.

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4.

Compares current results with previous results.

Explanation
A delta check is a process that compares the current results with previous results. It helps identify any significant changes or discrepancies between the two sets of data. By analyzing the differences, it allows for the detection of errors or abnormalities that may have occurred. This comparison is useful in various fields, such as healthcare, finance, and quality control, to ensure accuracy and consistency in data analysis.

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5.

Patient's actions imply consent.

Explanation
Implied consent refers to a situation where a patient's actions or behavior indicate their agreement or permission for a medical procedure or treatment. In this context, the statement suggests that the patient's actions imply their consent for something related to their medical care. Implied consent can be inferred when a patient voluntarily cooperates, follows instructions, or seeks medical help without explicitly stating their consent. It is a legal and ethical concept that allows healthcare providers to proceed with necessary treatments or interventions in situations where obtaining explicit consent may not be possible or practical.

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6.

Neglegence by a medical professional.

7.

Name the 2 most important questions for a phlebotomist to ask a patient.

Explanation
The two most important questions for a phlebotomist to ask a patient are their Patient ID and Date of Birth (DOB). These questions are crucial for ensuring accurate identification and matching of the patient's medical records, samples, and test results. Patient ID helps in avoiding any mix-ups or confusion with other patients, while DOB serves as an additional verification to ensure the correct patient is being attended to. By asking these questions, the phlebotomist can maintain proper patient safety and ensure the integrity of the collected samples and test results.

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8.

As a part of ongoing quality control, you should inspect tubes before using them. What might you be looking for?

Explanation
When inspecting tubes as part of ongoing quality control, one might be looking for the expiration date. This is important because using tubes that have expired can lead to inaccurate test results or compromised samples. Checking the expiration date ensures that the tubes are still within their usable period and helps maintain the integrity of the testing process.

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9.

What agency approves phlebotomy programs?

Explanation
NAACLS, which stands for the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences, approves phlebotomy programs. This agency is responsible for accrediting educational programs in the field of clinical laboratory sciences, including phlebotomy. Their approval ensures that the programs meet certain standards of quality and provide students with the necessary knowledge and skills to become competent phlebotomists.

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10.

What do the initials NAACLS stand for?

Explanation
The initials NAACLS stand for National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratories Sciences. This organization is responsible for accrediting and approving educational programs in clinical laboratory sciences. They ensure that these programs meet the standards and requirements necessary to produce competent professionals in the field.

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11.

Initials for the national organization that sets quality standards for accuracy, reliability, and timeliness of test results for all laboratories.

Explanation
CLIA '88 refers to the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988. These amendments were enacted by the United States Congress to establish quality standards for laboratory testing. CLIA '88 sets guidelines for accuracy, reliability, and timeliness of test results in all laboratories, ensuring that patients receive accurate and reliable diagnostic information. It aims to promote quality healthcare by regulating laboratory practices and ensuring that laboratories meet certain standards of proficiency and competence.

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12.

Who provides voluntary inspections and proficiency testing?

Explanation
The College of American Pathologists provides voluntary inspections and proficiency testing. This means that they offer services to laboratories and healthcare facilities to assess their performance and ensure quality standards are met. By participating in these inspections and proficiency testing programs, laboratories can demonstrate their competence and commitment to providing accurate and reliable diagnostic services. The College of American Pathologists is a reputable organization in the field of pathology and plays a significant role in promoting high-quality healthcare practices.

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13.

What could you be charged with if you forget to apply a bandage and the patient starts bleeding later?

Explanation
If a person forgets to apply a bandage and the patient starts bleeding later, they could be charged with negligence. Negligence refers to the failure to take reasonable care or to act in a way that a responsible person would in a similar situation. In this case, forgetting to apply a bandage could be seen as a breach of the duty of care towards the patient, which resulted in harm or injury.

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14.

What part of the laboratory testing phase are phlebotomists primarily involved with?

Explanation
Phlebotomists are primarily involved in the pre-analytical phase of laboratory testing. This phase includes tasks such as patient identification, specimen collection, labeling, and transportation to the laboratory. Phlebotomists play a crucial role in ensuring that the correct samples are collected and properly handled before they are analyzed in the laboratory. They are responsible for following strict protocols to maintain the integrity of the specimens and to prevent any errors or contamination that could affect the accuracy of the test results.

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15.

A lab technician asks you to recollect a specimen on a patient. When you ask what was wrong with the specimen, the technician replies "The specimen was okay, but the results were inconsistent with the patient's previous results." How would the technician have reached this conclusion?

A.

They did not compare with results of other patient's tested at the same time.
B.

They did not compare with the results of the control specimen.
C.

A Delta check was automatically initiated by the testing machine when the current results did not compare closely to the patient's previous results.
D.

All of the Above

Correct Answer
C. A Delta check was automatically initiated by the testing machine when the current results did not compare closely to the patient's previous results.

Explanation
The technician would have reached the conclusion that the results were inconsistent with the patient's previous results because a Delta check was automatically initiated by the testing machine. This check compares the current results to the patient's previous results and flags any significant differences. Therefore, if the current results did not closely match the previous results, it would indicate inconsistency and prompt the technician to recollect the specimen.

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16.

The agency that sets standards for phlebotomy procedures.

Correct Answer
CLSI

Explanation
CLSI stands for Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, which is an agency that sets standards for phlebotomy procedures. They provide guidelines and protocols for the collection, handling, and processing of blood samples to ensure accurate and safe practices in phlebotomy. By following CLSI standards, healthcare professionals can maintain consistency and quality in phlebotomy procedures, ultimately leading to improved patient care and reliable test results.

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17.

What do the initial CLSI stand for?

Correct Answer
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute

Explanation
The initialism CLSI stands for Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. This organization is responsible for developing and promoting standards for clinical and laboratory testing. They provide guidelines and best practices to ensure accuracy, reliability, and quality in healthcare testing. The CLSI plays a crucial role in harmonizing laboratory practices and improving patient care by setting standards for laboratory testing procedures, quality control, and proficiency testing.

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18.

What do you do if you drop and break a tube while collecting blood from a patient?

A.

Stop and clean it up
B.

Continue the draw but make sure to warn people to stay away
C.

Ask the patient to hold the needle while you clean it up
D.

Leave it for housekeeping

Correct Answer
B. Continue the draw but make sure to warn people to stay away

Explanation
If you drop and break a tube while collecting blood from a patient, the correct answer is to continue the draw but make sure to warn people to stay away. This is because it is important to prioritize patient safety and complete the blood collection process. However, it is also crucial to ensure that others are aware of the broken glass to prevent any injuries. Therefore, continuing the draw while warning people to stay away is the most appropriate course of action in this situation.

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19.

Is it okay to draw a child without their permission?

Correct Answer
Yes

Explanation
It is generally not considered appropriate to draw a child without their permission. Consent is important, especially when it comes to capturing someone's likeness. Drawing a child without their consent can be seen as an invasion of privacy and disrespectful to their autonomy. It is always best to ask for permission before drawing or depicting someone, regardless of their age.

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