FSOT - Sample Job Knowledge Test
FSOT - Sample Job Knowledge Test Beware of the typos! They're there to keep you on your toes. OK, not really. Just keep an eye out and let me know.
- 1.
Treaties must be approved by
- A.
A majority of the House and Senate
- B.
Two-thirds of the Senators voting on the treaty
- C.
A majority of the House of Representatives
- D.
Three-fourths of the Senate
Correct Answer
B. Two-thirds of the Senators voting on the treatyExplanation
Article II, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution specifies that two-thirds of the Senators present must agree to a treaty. This power, along with the power of the Senate to approve the appointment of ambassadors, military officers, and other appointments, gives the Senate the reputation of being the house of Congress that's most concerned with foreign affairs. It should be pointed out, however, that the House is also vital to U.S. foreign affairs, especially its role in the appropriations process.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A public opinion survey is done and it is reported that the results are not statistically significant. What does this mean?
- A.
It means that there are insufficient responses to consider the survey valid.
- B.
It means that the results could be due to chance.
- C.
It means that different surveys have different results.
- D.
It means that the findings of the survey are not substantively important.
Correct Answer
B. It means that the results could be due to chance.Explanation
In public opinion research, if a finding is not statistically significant, any difference found in the sample could simply be the result of sampling error and may not be a real difference found in the population. In reality, if the full population were surveyed, you may not find that difference. The larger the sample size, the less even a small difference on a question is likely to be statistically significant. If the entire population were surveyed, any difference is statistically significant because you are not trying to infer from a sample to a population. Statistical significance is not related to substantive significance. A difference may be statistically significant and of no importance.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Concerning the application of rights in the U.S. Constitution's Bill of Rights to the states, which of the following is correct?
- A.
All rights in the Bill of Rights have applied to the states since the beginning.
- B.
All rights in the Bill of Rights have applied to the states since the passage of the 14th Amendment.
- C.
None of the rights in the Bill of Rights applies to the states. The states have their own bill of rights.
- D.
Most of the rights in the Bill of Rights have been applied to the states based upon Supreme Court decisions. Some still do not apply.
Correct Answer
D. Most of the rights in the Bill of Rights have been applied to the states based upon Supreme Court decisions. Some still do not apply.Explanation
The Bill of Rights had been directed at the federal government. However, since the passage of the 14th Amendment, the Supreme Court has applied many provisions in the Bill of Rights to the states, beginning with cases in 1897. Especially important was laying out the doctrine of selective incorporation in Gitlow v. New York (1925). However, all rights are not applied. One example is the right to be indicted by a grand jury in the 5th Amendment. Many states do not use grand juries to indict people accused of criminal offenses.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Today's Native Americans/American Indians descended from Asiatic ancestors who arrived in North America
- A.
On wooden ships
- B.
Primarily on horseback
- C.
Across a land bridge now submerged beneath the Bering Sea
- D.
Under the leadership of a former warlord who would later become known as Chief Powhatan, the founder of the Powhatan Confederacy.
Correct Answer
C. Across a land bridge now submerged beneath the Bering SeaExplanation
Historical and archeological evidence indicate that during the last great Ice Age (50,000-1,500 B.C.) migration by foot from Siberia over the Bering Strait land bridge into North America was possible. There is no evidence that the ancestors of today's Native Americans were either sailors or horsemen, thus no evidence that they arrived on horseback or by wooden ships or boats of any sort.Rate this question:
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- 5.
In 1620, the ______________ established self-government for the Plymouth Colonists.
- A.
The Mayflower Compact
- B.
The Fundamental Order of Connecticut
- C.
The Articles of Confederation
- D.
The Declaration of Rights
Correct Answer
A. The Mayflower CompactExplanation
The Mayflower Compact was the document that established self-government for the Plymouth colonists in 1620. The Fundamental Order of Connecticut was the first American Constitution, written in 1639 by representatives from the Connecticut towns of Hartford, Wethersfield, and Windsor. The Declaration of Rights, written by George Mason, were adopted by the Virginia colonists.Rate this question:
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- 6.
In project management, what is the primary purpose of a Gantt chart?
- A.
To analyze financial risks
- B.
To visualize project schedules and track progress
- C.
To manage team performance reviews
- D.
To conduct market analysis
Correct Answer
B. To visualize project schedules and track progressExplanation
A Gantt chart is a project management tool that provides a visual timeline for the start and finish dates of the various elements of a project. It helps in planning, coordinating, and tracking specific tasks in a project. This tool is essential for project managers to monitor the progress and ensure that the project stays on schedule.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Yugoslavia was initially established as a kingdom of Serbs, Slovenes, and
- A.
Croats
- B.
Bosnians
- C.
Turks
- D.
Hungarians
Correct Answer
A. CroatsExplanation
Formed out of the nationalities that had been part of the old Ottoman and Habsburg empires, Yugoslavia was originally known as the Kingdom of Serbs, Slovenes, and Croats.Rate this question:
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- 8.
In 1939, the Kingdom of Siam became officially known as
- A.
Indonesia
- B.
Cambodia
- C.
Burma
- D.
Thailand
Correct Answer
D. ThailandExplanation
Reflecting the national identity of its people, the ancient kingdom of Siam was renamed Thailand.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following statements was not a result of the aftermath of communism's 1989 collapse in Eastern Europe?
- A.
Industrial production continued relatively unabated.
- B.
Living standards immediately rose.
- C.
Governments attempted to bring about economic stabilization.
- D.
Prices increased dramatically
Correct Answer
B. Living standards immediately rose.Explanation
Following the collapse of communism in Easter Europe, industrial production continued relatively unabated as governments attempted to maintain economic stability. At the same time, prices increased dramatically as products began to be priced at their market rate, hence living standards decreased as otherwise affordable products began to be unaffordable, particularly for those on fixed incomes.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Mercantilism was an economic policy that attempted to obtain a favorable balance of trade that would result in the maximum inflows of gold and silver. During what century was this economic theory popular?
- A.
16th
- B.
19th
- C.
13th
- D.
21st
Correct Answer
A. 16thExplanation
Mercantilism was an economic theory that had wide acceptance during the 16th through 18th centuries. This theory stated that colonies existed to benefit the home country, through an exclusive and highly regulated trading relationship. The drive to create colonies resulted in the creation of many European empires.Rate this question:
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- 11.
An examination of 750 circuit boards produced by AMPEX Corp. revealed that 15 were defective. At this rate, how many defective circuit boards would there be in a lot of 12,750
- A.
115
- B.
255
- C.
275
- D.
350
Correct Answer
B. 255Explanation
This problem can be solved by setting up a proportion
Defects - 15 x
------------ = ------ Cross multiply
Total - 750 12,750
750x = 191,250. Divide by 750
x = 255Rate this question:
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- 12.
A television is on sale for 20% off. If the sale price is $800, what was the original price?
- A.
$160
- B.
$640
- C.
$960
- D.
$1,000
Correct Answer
D. $1,000Explanation
The original price of the television can be found by dividing the sale price by (100% - discount percentage) and then multiplying by 100. In this case, the sale price is $800 and the discount is 20%, so the equation would be: original price = ($800 / (100% - 20%)) * 100 = $1000.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Dan Preston arrives in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and wishes to convert $300 U.S. dollars to Canadian dollars. If one U.S. dollar is worth $1.47 in Canadian currency, how many Canadian dollars does Dan receive?
- A.
$141
- B.
$204
- C.
$441
- D.
$447
Correct Answer
C. $441Explanation
Dan wishes to convert $300 U.S. dollars to Canadian dollars. Since one U.S. dollar is worth $1.47 in Canadian currency, we can find the equivalent amount in Canadian dollars by multiplying $300 by $1.47. The result is $441, which is the amount of Canadian dollars that Dan receives.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A blueprint has a scale of 3 feet per 1/2 inch. If a bathroom is 1 1/2 inches X 2 inches, what are its actual dimensions?
- A.
4 1/2 feet X 6 feet
- B.
6 feet X 7 1/2 feet
- C.
7 1/2 feet X 9 feet
- D.
9 feet X 12 feet
Correct Answer
D. 9 feet X 12 feetExplanation
The blueprint has a scale of 3 feet per 1/2 inch. This means that for every 1/2 inch on the blueprint, it represents 3 feet in actual dimensions. Since the bathroom is 1 1/2 inches X 2 inches on the blueprint, we can multiply these measurements by the scale to find the actual dimensions. 1 1/2 inches multiplied by 3 feet per 1/2 inch equals 4 1/2 feet, and 2 inches multiplied by 3 feet per 1/2 inch equals 6 feet. Therefore, the actual dimensions of the bathroom are 4 1/2 feet X 6 feet.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Top management are compensated more because they are valuable to the organization. These top managers do more
- A.
Organizing
- B.
Planning
- C.
Directing
- D.
Controlling
Correct Answer
B. PlanningExplanation
Although top managers do all the listed activities, they are involved in strategic planning most of the time. Staffing and directing are more the responsibility of mid-level managers, while controlling is the primary responsibility of front-line managers.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Why is delegation of authority crucial to the successful execution of company operations?
- A.
It gives the top management more time to think and develop strategic business directions.
- B.
It makes the entire company more structured and easier to account for financially.
- C.
It empowers the employees to make commitments, use resources, and take whatever actions to ensure customer satisfaction.
- D.
It provides jobs so that there will be many mid-level and low-level managers.
Correct Answer
C. It empowers the employees to make commitments, use resources, and take whatever actions to ensure customer satisfaction.Explanation
Delegation of authority is crucial to the successful execution of company operations because it empowers employees to make commitments, use resources, and take necessary actions to ensure customer satisfaction. By delegating authority, employees are given the freedom and responsibility to make decisions and take ownership of their work. This not only increases efficiency and productivity but also encourages creativity and innovation within the organization. Additionally, delegation allows top management to focus on strategic business directions and long-term planning, while the employees handle day-to-day operations.Rate this question:
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- 17.
A figure of speech in which a comparison is made by using "as" or "like" is a:
- A.
Simile
- B.
Metaphor
- C.
Synecdoche
- D.
Cacophony
Correct Answer
A. SimileExplanation
A metaphor fuses the two subjects. A synecdoche is a figure of speech in which the part is used for a whole. A cacophony is the frequent use/reuse of the same sounds together.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Slander means:
- A.
To exaggerate
- B.
To reveal only the negative aspects of an idea or person
- C.
To use another person's ideas and claim them as your own
- D.
To make statements about a person that are injurious to the reputation of a person
Correct Answer
D. To make statements about a person that are injurious to the reputation of a personExplanation
Slander refers to making false and damaging statements about someone that harm their reputation. It involves spreading harmful information or rumors about a person with the intention of damaging their character or reputation. It is a form of defamation that can cause significant harm to an individual's personal and professional life.Rate this question:
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- 19.
A new trend has developed in the computer world in which one's work can now be saved using a device that plugs into the USB ports of their computer. This device is known as a
- A.
Jump drive or flash drive
- B.
Zip disk
- C.
3.5" floppy disk
- D.
DVD-RW
Correct Answer
A. Jump drive or flash driveExplanation
A jump drive or flash drive is a device that can be plugged into the USB ports of a computer to save one's work. This device has become a new trend in the computer world as it provides a portable and convenient way to store and transfer data. Unlike zip disks, 3.5" floppy disks, or DVD-RWs, jump drives or flash drives offer larger storage capacities and are more commonly used in modern computers.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following is considered an output device (produces information from processing):
- A.
Mouse
- B.
Digital camera
- C.
Printer
- D.
Zip drive
Correct Answer
C. PrinterExplanation
A printer is considered an output device because it produces physical copies of documents or images that have been processed by a computer or other device. It takes digital information and converts it into a tangible form that can be seen or read. In contrast, a mouse, digital camera, and zip drive are all input devices or storage devices that do not directly produce output.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which of the following describes the Executive Office of the President?
- A.
It is the formal name for the Cabinet.
- B.
It contains offices such as the Environmental Protection Administration that are cabinet level but not cabinet departments.
- C.
It consists of offices that advise the president.
- D.
It refers only to those in the White House who write speeches for the president and give political advice
Correct Answer
C. It consists of offices that advise the president.Explanation
The Executive Office of the President was created under President Franklin Roosevelt by the Executive Reorganization Act of 1939. It was established to provide assistance to the president outside of Cabinet departments. Offices such as the Office of Management and Budget, National Security Council, and the White House Office are within the Executive Office of the President. Typically, these offices are advisory and not line departments or agencies.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The filibuster has been used to prevent a bill from passing in the Senate. Why hasn't it been as much of a concern in recent years?
- A.
It has been eliminated by Senate rules.
- B.
The introduction of cloture has allowed the Senate to end filibusters. Most filibusters are ended today by cloture.
- C.
The Senate limits a filibuster today to 30 hours.
- D.
The Senate has a track system that allows it to move on to other business if a filibuster stops work on a particular bill or appointment.
Correct Answer
D. The Senate has a track system that allows it to move on to other business if a filibuster stops work on a particular bill or appointment.Explanation
The Senate now operates on a track system, whereby more than one bill can be considered. Although cloture, which cuts off filibusters, has been more successful in recent years, there are still filibusters that have been conducted.Rate this question:
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- 23.
A state added a constitutional amendment to its state constitution. Can the Congress overturn such an amendment?
- A.
Yes, only by passing a federal Constitutional Amendment approved by the states.
- B.
Yes, by either passing a law or enacting a federal Constitutional Amendment, approved by the states.
- C.
No, states can do what they want.
- D.
Yes, by passing a resolution with a two-thirds vote.
Correct Answer
B. Yes, by either passing a law or enacting a federal Constitutional Amendment, approved by the states.Explanation
The supremacy clause in the national Constitution says that national statutes and Constitution are supreme over state statutes and constitutions.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which of the following amendments to the U.S. Constitution conferred automatic U.S citizenship on all persons born in the United States.
- A.
The 13th Amendment
- B.
The 14th Amendment
- C.
The 15th Amendment
- D.
The 16th Amendment
Correct Answer
B. The 14th AmendmentExplanation
The 14th Amendment conferred automatic citizenship on all persons born within the territorial limits of the United States. The 13th Amendment, which abolished slavery, was ratified in 1865. The 15th Amendment was ratified in 1870. It states that U.S. citizens' right to vote "shall not be denied or abridged... on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." The 16th Amendment was ratified in 1913. It granted the federal government the right to collect taxes based on personal income.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which of the following is NOT a function of Human Resource Management (HRM)?
- A.
Recruitment and Selection
- B.
Training and Development
- C.
Financial Reporting and Analysis
- D.
Performance Management
Correct Answer
C. Financial Reporting and AnalysisExplanation
Financial Reporting and Analysis is not a function of Human Resource Management (HRM). This function is typically associated with the Finance department, which is responsible for preparing financial statements, budgets, and other financial analyses. HRM focuses on functions like recruitment, training, performance management, and employee relations.Rate this question:
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- 26.
One of the most widely traded agricultural commodities on the planet, coffee grows best in
- A.
Tropical lowlands
- B.
Temperate lowlands
- C.
Tropical highlands
- D.
Temperate mountain zones
Correct Answer
C. Tropical highlandsExplanation
Although coffee can be grown in lowland tropical climates, the best grades of Arabica are grown on tropical mountains which enjoy cool, frost-free nights, and warm days.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Emperor Napoleon III (Louis Napoleon) fell from power
- A.
During the Crimean War
- B.
During the Paris Commune
- C.
During the Franco Prussian War
- D.
After being deposed by the Directory
Correct Answer
C. During the Franco Prussian WarExplanation
Louis Napoleon was captured by the Germans at the battle of Sedan in the Franco Prussian War. This led to the collapse of the Second Empire and the eventual formation of the Third Republic.Rate this question:
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- 28.
From 1895 until the end of the Second World War, Korea was dominated by
- A.
China
- B.
Russia
- C.
Japan
- D.
France
Correct Answer
C. JapanExplanation
Japan won control of Korea from China in 1895 and continued to exploit Korea as a colonial possession until the end of World War II.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Price controls (such as fixing the price for gas or renting apartments) are generally opposed by economists because
- A.
Economists believe that price controls generally cause distorted asset allocation
- B.
Economists believe that price controls can lead to a shortage of products on the open market
- C.
Alternative (and often illegal) distribution mechanisms emerge to avoid the price controls.
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Price controls are generally opposed by economists because they believe that price controls can lead to distorted asset allocation, a shortage of products on the open market, and the emergence of alternative (and often illegal) distribution mechanisms to avoid the price controls.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Many trade economists argue that closing off an economy to international market forces creates critical inefficiencies as local producers become ____________, expending resources on cornering artificially created markets via specially acquired licenses, legitimate legislation, or personal connections.
- A.
Corrupt
- B.
Import-substituting forces
- C.
Self-reliant
- D.
Rent-seekers
Correct Answer
D. Rent-seekersExplanation
Many economists argue that when an economy is closed off to international market forces, many local producers become rent seekers -- seeking favorable public policies to bring about the uncompensated transfer of goods or services from another person or persons to themselves. In many cases, these are individuals with a particular license to import or manufacture a particular good that is then sold to the public at many times its market rate.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Tanya's bowling scores this week were 112, 156, 179, 165. Last week, her average score was 140. How many points did her average improve?
- A.
18
- B.
13
- C.
11
- D.
8
Correct Answer
B. 13Explanation
Tanya's average score last week was 140. This week, her scores were 112, 156, 179, and 165. To find the improvement in her average, we need to calculate the difference between the average score this week and last week. The sum of her scores this week is 112 + 156 + 179 + 165 = 612. Dividing this sum by the number of games played this week (4), we get an average of 153. The improvement in her average is 153 - 140 = 13. Therefore, her average score improved by 13 points.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which of the following financial statements provides a snapshot of a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time?
- A.
Income Statement
- B.
Balance Sheet
- C.
Cash Flow Statement
- D.
Statement of Changes in Equity
Correct Answer
B. Balance SheetExplanation
The balance sheet is a financial statement that presents a company's financial position at a particular date. It lists the company's assets (what it owns), liabilities (what it owes), and equity (the residual interest in the assets after deducting liabilities). The income statement, cash flow statement, and statement of changes in equity provide information about the company's performance and changes in financial position over a period of time.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Sales in Year 3 accounted for approximately what percent of the total sales for the five years shown?
- A.
23%
- B.
43%
- C.
46%
- D.
75%
Correct Answer
B. 43%Explanation
In order to determine the percentage of sales in Year 3 out of the total sales for the five years shown, we need to divide the sales in Year 3 by the total sales and then multiply by 100. Since the answer is 43%, it means that approximately 43% of the total sales for the five years were accounted for by the sales in Year 3.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the relationship between mean, median, and mode in a skewed distribution?
- A.
In a positively skewed distribution, the mean is greater than the median.
- B.
In a negatively skewed distribution, the mode is greater than the mean.
- C.
In a perfectly symmetrical distribution, the mean, median, and mode are equal.
- D.
In a negatively skewed distribution, the median is greater than the mode.
Correct Answer
D. In a negatively skewed distribution, the median is greater than the mode.Explanation
In a negatively skewed distribution, the tail is longer on the left side, and the majority of the data points cluster towards the higher end. This causes the mean to be pulled towards the lower values, making it less than the median. The mode, representing the most frequent value, typically lies to the right of the median in a negatively skewed distribution.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Which form of business ownership has restricted liability, lower taxation, and fewer government restrictions?
- A.
Sole proprietorship
- B.
Partnership
- C.
Limited liability corporation
- D.
Cooperatives
Correct Answer
C. Limited liability corporationExplanation
A limited liability corporation (LLC) is a form of business ownership that offers restricted liability, lower taxation, and fewer government restrictions. With an LLC, the owners' personal assets are protected from the company's debts and liabilities, limiting their liability to only their investment in the business. Additionally, LLCs often benefit from pass-through taxation, where profits and losses are reported on the owners' personal tax returns, resulting in potentially lower taxes. Compared to other forms of business ownership, such as sole proprietorship or partnership, LLCs generally have fewer government regulations and restrictions, providing more flexibility for the owners.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Customization in operations management is
- A.
Making identical, interchangeable components or products
- B.
The creation of an item in self-contained units that can be combined or interchanged to create different products
- C.
Making products meet a particular customer's needs or wants
- D.
Making the best product to clear immigration customs
Correct Answer
C. Making products meet a particular customer's needs or wantsExplanation
Customization in operations management refers to the process of tailoring products or services to meet the specific needs and wants of individual customers. This involves adapting and modifying the product or service to suit the unique requirements of each customer, ensuring that it aligns with their preferences, specifications, and expectations. By doing so, businesses can enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty, as well as gain a competitive advantage in the market.Rate this question:
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- 37.
In interpersonal communication, the encoder is
- A.
The message
- B.
The listener/receiver
- C.
The situation in which the message is given
- D.
The speaker/sender
Correct Answer
D. The speaker/senderExplanation
The encoder in interpersonal communication refers to the person who initiates and sends the message. They are responsible for encoding their thoughts and ideas into a form that can be understood by the receiver. This involves choosing the appropriate words, tone, and nonverbal cues to convey the intended message. The speaker/sender is the correct answer because they are the ones who actively transmit the message to the listener/receiver.Rate this question:
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- 38.
An example of selective perception is:
- A.
Listening only to message with which you agree
- B.
Selecting only parts of a message in which you are interested
- C.
Remembering only what you wish
- D.
Understanding a message as distorted; trying to make it fit with previously held ideas
Correct Answer
D. Understanding a message as distorted; trying to make it fit with previously held ideasExplanation
Selective perception refers to the tendency of individuals to interpret information in a way that aligns with their existing beliefs or preconceived notions. This process involves distorting or manipulating the message to fit with one's prior ideas or opinions. By doing so, individuals may disregard or overlook information that contradicts their existing beliefs and focus solely on information that supports their viewpoint. This cognitive bias can hinder effective communication and lead to misunderstandings or misinterpretations of messages.Rate this question:
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- 39.
The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution provides protection for
- A.
Freedom of speech
- B.
Freedom of the press
- C.
Freedom of religious practices
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution provides protection for freedom of speech, freedom of the press, and freedom of religious practices. This means that individuals have the right to express their opinions and ideas without censorship or government interference, the press has the right to report news and information without government control, and individuals have the right to practice their religion freely. All of these freedoms are guaranteed under the First Amendment.Rate this question:
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- 40.
A bit is defined as
- A.
Approximately 1 million bytes of data
- B.
A single character
- C.
The most basic element of computer data
- D.
Approximately 1 trillion bytes of data
Correct Answer
C. The most basic element of computer dataExplanation
A bit is the most basic element of computer data. It is the smallest unit of information that a computer can understand, representing a binary digit of either 0 or 1. All data in a computer is ultimately represented and processed as a series of bits.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The maximize button performs which of the following activities:
- A.
Removes the program window from the desktop but keeps the program running
- B.
Closes a document window or exits a program
- C.
Restores a program window to the size it was set before it was maximized
- D.
Expands the program window until it covers the entire desktop
Correct Answer
D. Expands the program window until it covers the entire desktopExplanation
The maximize button expands the program window until it covers the entire desktop. This means that when the maximize button is clicked, the program window will be resized to fill the entire screen, allowing the user to view and work with the program in a larger and more immersive view.Rate this question:
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- 42.
The Social Security system was established based upon the trust fund structure. What has happened to the trust funds?
- A.
They have eliminated all trust funds that were originally established.
- B.
They have consolidated the trust funds into a single fund.
- C.
They have several trust funds (for example, disability, old-age retirement, hospital insurance)
- D.
They have two trust funds. One must be invested in U.S. government bonds and the other allows individuals to invest in stock index funds.
Correct Answer
C. They have several trust funds (for example, disability, old-age retirement, hospital insurance)Explanation
Social Security has several trust funds. The payroll tax is deposited into these funds. All surpluses in these funds must be invested in U.S. government bonds. Each of the trust funds is projected to be in trouble in different years.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Amicus Curiae briefs are filed with the courts. What are they?
- A.
They are briefs filed by the appellants.
- B.
They are briefs filed by those who are not participants in the case.
- C.
They are briefs filed by the government.
- D.
They are parts of a court's decision that do not act as precedent for future cases.
Correct Answer
B. They are briefs filed by those who are not participants in the case.Explanation
Amicus Curiae briefs are friend-of-the-court briefs. They are written by groups who want to have input; they are not a party to the case, but they have an interest in the outcome. Parts of the decision that don't act as precedent are called obiter dicta.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Congressional oversight is a term used to signify
- A.
When Congress includes preferences for some group in a piece of legislation
- B.
When Congress exercises review of some activity of the executive branch
- C.
When Congress leaves out a crucial element in legislation
- D.
When Congress fails to provide sufficient funds for a program
Correct Answer
B. When Congress exercises review of some activity of the executive branchExplanation
Congressional oversight refers to the practice of Congress reviewing and monitoring the activities of the executive branch of the government. It is a crucial aspect of the system of checks and balances in the United States, ensuring that the executive branch is held accountable for its actions. Through oversight, Congress can investigate, evaluate, and provide scrutiny over various activities, policies, and programs implemented by the executive branch. This oversight helps to ensure transparency, prevent abuse of power, and maintain the proper functioning of the government.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Which of the following was passed during what historians and political scientists have labeled the Progressive Era?
- A.
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act
- B.
The Taft-Hartley Act
- C.
The Emergency Banking Act
- D.
The Hawley-Smoot Act
Correct Answer
A. The Sherman Anti-Trust ActExplanation
The Progressive Era lasted from approximately the late 1880s to the beginning of World War I. Congress passed the Sherman Anti-Tust Act in 1890. This act made unlawful the formation of trusts, monopolies, and other activities that restrained interstate or foreign trade. Congress passed the Taft-Hartley Act in 1947, which reduced the power of labor unions by, for example, outlawing strikes by government employees and making closed shops illegal. The Hawley-Smoot Act (1930), passed to protect American producers, raised tariffs on products produced in other countries to an all-time high. The Emergency Banking Act, passed in 1935, during the middle of the Great Depression, provided temporary insurance for bank depositors.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Which of the following concerning American movies and the American Motion Picture Industry is not true?
- A.
Thomas Edison was the first American to patent and market a commercial motion-picture camera.
- B.
During the early years of American movie production, the rate of attendance of non-English-speaking immigrants was lower than the attendance rate of middle class, native-born Americans
- C.
During the second decade of the 20th century, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that movies were a business and not a form of communication and, therefore, their contents were not protected by the 1st Amendment.
- D.
The First talking movie debuted during the 1920s
Correct Answer
B. During the early years of American movie production, the rate of attendance of non-English-speaking immigrants was lower than the attendance rate of middle class, native-born AmericansExplanation
During the early years of American movie production, most movie-goers were working-class immigrants. One reason for the popularity of the movies among these immigrants was that movies were cheap. Another reason was that they were silent, which meant moviegoers did not need to know English to enjoy them. Edison was the first American to patent and market a commercial motion picture camera. In its 1915 Mutual Film Corporation v Ohio decision, the Supreme Court removed movie contents from protection by the 1st Amendment, ruling that movies were a business, not a form of communication, and thus not protected by the 1st Amendment. The first talking movie -- The Jazz Singer, starring Al Jolson -- was released in 1927.Rate this question:
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- 47.
The ___________ Act gave American workers the right to belong to labor unions and engage in collective bargaining.
- A.
The Wagner Act
- B.
The Walsh-Healy Act
- C.
The Fair Standards Act
- D.
The Taft-Hartley Act
Correct Answer
A. The Wagner ActExplanation
The Walsh-Healy Act (1936) mandated a minimum wage for workers at companies holding government contracts, as well as an eight-hour day and forty-hour work-week. It also forbade the use of child and convict labor. The Fair Standards Act (1938) mandated minimum wage, defined a forty-hour week, and forbade the use of child labor by any business engaged in interstate commerce. The Taft-Hartley Act made closed shops and strikes by government employees illegal.Rate this question:
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- 48.
The city of Istanbul's strategic location gives Turkey control of access to
- A.
The Aegean
- B.
The Black Sea
- C.
The Baltic Sea
- D.
The Red Sea
Correct Answer
B. The Black SeaExplanation
Istanbul's location on the Bosphorus Strait has historically given the city control over the only access between the Mediterranean and Black seas, and thus of Russia's access to the Mediterranean.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Northern Ireland has what status within the United Kingdom?
- A.
It is an autonomous member of the commonwealth of former British colonies.
- B.
It is a crown colony.
- C.
It is an integral part of the United Kingdom.
- D.
It is no longer a member of the Commonwealth.
Correct Answer
C. It is an integral part of the United Kingdom.Explanation
Northern Ireland has the status of being an integral part of the United Kingdom. This means that it is not a separate entity or autonomous member, but rather a constituent part of the UK. As such, it is subject to the laws and governance of the UK, and its citizens have the same rights and responsibilities as those in other parts of the country.Rate this question:
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- 50.
While shock therapy is well known for its controversial effect on the Russian and Polish economies, it was first applied to this South American economy:
- A.
Chile
- B.
Brazil
- C.
Argentina
- D.
Bolivia
Correct Answer
D. BoliviaExplanation
The principles of shock therapy were first applied to Bolivia in 1985, where they were used to successfully combat hyperinflation, open the country to economic trade, and change the governmental role from controlling to regulating the economy.Rate this question:
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Sep 27, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Oct 01, 2009Quiz Created by
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