GI - CEN Review

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  • 1/20 Questions

    Which of the following is not considered a right of medication?

    • Dose
    • Time
    • Route
    • Limit
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About This Quiz

This GI - CEN Review quiz evaluates knowledge on gastrointestinal conditions, focusing on aspects like duodenal ulcers, Hepatitis C, vitamin storage in the liver, ascites, and related medications. Essential for nurses preparing for the CEN exam.

Healthcare Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    What type of cell releases insulin?

    • B cells

    • A cells

    • Plasma cells

    • D cells

    Correct Answer
    A. B cells
    Explanation
    B cells are responsible for releasing insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels. In the pancreas, specifically in the islets of Langerhans, there are beta cells that produce and release insulin in response to high blood sugar levels. These beta cells are crucial in maintaining proper glucose metabolism in the body. Therefore, b cells are the type of cell that releases insulin.

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  • 3. 

    Which of the following is not a specific element of Hepatitis C?

    • Vaccine available

    • May be transmitted with sexual contact

    • Inflammation of the liver

    • Lifetime carrier

    Correct Answer
    A. Vaccine available
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Vaccine available". This is because there is currently no vaccine available for Hepatitis C. While there are vaccines for other types of hepatitis, such as Hepatitis A and B, there is no vaccine specifically for Hepatitis C. The other options listed, such as "May be transmitted with sexual contact", "Inflammation of the liver", and "Lifetime carrier", are all specific elements of Hepatitis C.

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  • 4. 

    Which of the following drugs is a dopamine antagonist?

    • Omeprazole (Prilosec)

    • Metoclopramide (Reglan)

    • Cimetidine (Tagamet)

    • Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox)

    Correct Answer
    A. Metoclopramide (Reglan)
    Explanation
    Metoclopramide (Reglan) is a dopamine antagonist. Dopamine antagonists are drugs that block the action of dopamine in the brain. Metoclopramide works by inhibiting the release of dopamine, which helps to reduce nausea and vomiting. It is commonly used to treat gastrointestinal disorders such as gastroparesis and acid reflux. Omeprazole (Prilosec), Cimetidine (Tagamet), and Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox) are not dopamine antagonists and have different mechanisms of action.

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following microorganisms has been linked to Parotitis?

    • Staphylococcus aureus

    • Schistosoma

    • Wucheria bancrofti

    • Trypanosoma cruzi

    Correct Answer
    A. Staphylococcus aureus
    Explanation
    Staphylococcus aureus has been linked to Parotitis, which is the inflammation of the parotid glands. The parotid glands are located in the cheeks and produce saliva. Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium that can cause various infections, including parotitis. It can enter the parotid glands through the saliva ducts and cause inflammation, leading to symptoms such as swelling, pain, and difficulty in swallowing. Therefore, Staphylococcus aureus is the correct answer as it is associated with Parotitis.

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  • 6. 

    Which of the following drugs is an antacid?

    • Omeprazole (Prilosec)

    • Metoclopramide (Reglan)

    • Cimetidine (Tagamet)

    • Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox)

    Correct Answer
    A. Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox)
    Explanation
    Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox) is an antacid because it neutralizes stomach acid by increasing the pH level in the stomach. This helps to relieve symptoms of heartburn, indigestion, and acid reflux. Omeprazole (Prilosec) and Cimetidine (Tagamet) are both proton pump inhibitors that reduce the production of stomach acid, but they are not classified as antacids. Metoclopramide (Reglan) is a medication used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, but it does not have antacid properties. Therefore, the correct answer is Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox).

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  • 7. 

    Which of the following is not considered an H2 blocker?

    • Ranitidine (Zantac)

    • Famotidine (Pepcid)

    • Cimetidine (Tagament)

    • Sucralfate (Carafate)

    Correct Answer
    A. Sucralfate (Carafate)
    Explanation
    Sucralfate (Carafate) is not considered an H2 blocker. H2 blockers are a class of medications that reduce the production of stomach acid by blocking histamine receptors in the stomach. Ranitidine (Zantac), famotidine (Pepcid), and cimetidine (Tagament) are all examples of H2 blockers. However, sucralfate (Carafate) works differently by forming a protective coating over ulcers and irritated areas in the stomach and intestines, rather than reducing acid production.

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  • 8. 

    Another name for the (Billroth I)procedure is a ________.

    • Gastrojejunostomy

    • Gastroduodenostomy

    • Cholangiogram

    • Cholecystogram

    Correct Answer
    A. Gastroduodenostomy
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Gastroduodenostomy. This procedure, also known as Billroth I, involves the removal of a portion of the stomach and the attachment of the remaining stomach to the duodenum. It is commonly performed in cases of stomach ulcers or gastric cancer. Gastrojejunostomy, on the other hand, involves attaching the stomach to the jejunum, while cholangiogram and cholecystogram are imaging tests used to visualize the bile ducts and gallbladder, respectively.

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  • 9. 

    Another name for the Whipple procedure is a ________.

    • Cholangiopancreatography

    • Pancreatoduodenectomy

    • Cholangiogram

    • Cholecystogram

    Correct Answer
    A. Pancreatoduodenectomy
    Explanation
    The Whipple procedure is a surgical operation performed to remove the head of the pancreas, the duodenum, the gallbladder, and part of the bile duct. It is commonly used to treat pancreatic cancer. Pancreatoduodenectomy is another term used to refer to the Whipple procedure.

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  • 10. 

    Which of the following drugs aids in gastric emptying?

    • Cisapride (Propulsid)

    • Ranitidine (Zantac)

    • Famotidine (Pepcid)

    • Tranylcypromine sulfate (Parnate)

    Correct Answer
    A. Cisapride (Propulsid)
    Explanation
    Cisapride (Propulsid) aids in gastric emptying. This drug is a prokinetic agent that enhances the movement of food through the digestive system. It works by increasing the release of acetylcholine, which stimulates the muscles in the gastrointestinal tract to contract and move food along. This helps to improve digestion and relieve symptoms of delayed gastric emptying, such as bloating and nausea. Cisapride is commonly used in the treatment of conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and gastroparesis.

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  • 11. 

    Another name for the (Billroth II)procedure is a ________.

    • Gastrojejunostomy

    • Gastroduodenostomy

    • Cholangiogram

    • Cholecystogram

    Correct Answer
    A. Gastrojejunostomy
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Gastrojejunostomy. This procedure, also known as Billroth II, involves the removal of the lower part of the stomach and the connection of the remaining stomach to the jejunum. It is commonly performed to treat conditions such as gastric ulcers or stomach cancer.

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  • 12. 

    Which of the following enzyme breaks down starches to maltose. 

    • Amylase

    • Lipase

    • Trypsinogen

    • Pepsin

    Correct Answer
    A. Amylase
    Explanation
    Amylase is the correct answer because it is an enzyme that specifically breaks down starches into maltose. Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down fats, not starches. Trypsinogen and pepsin are enzymes involved in the digestion of proteins, not starches. Therefore, amylase is the enzyme that is responsible for breaking down starches into maltose.

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  • 13. 

    Which of the following Vitamins is not stored in the Liver?

    • A

    • B

    • C

    • D

    Correct Answer
    A. C
    Explanation
    Vitamin C is not stored in the liver. Unlike other vitamins, such as vitamins A and D, which can be stored in the liver for future use, vitamin C is not stored in significant amounts in the body. It is a water-soluble vitamin, which means that any excess amount is excreted through urine. Therefore, it is important to consume foods rich in vitamin C regularly to maintain adequate levels in the body.

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  • 14. 

    Which of the following drugs is a histamine blocker and reduces levels of gastric acid?

    • Omeprazole (Prilosec)

    • Metoclopramide (Reglan)

    • Cimetidine (Tagamet)

    • Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox)

    Correct Answer
    A. Cimetidine (Tagamet)
    Explanation
    Cimetidine (Tagamet) is a histamine blocker that reduces levels of gastric acid. Histamine is a chemical that stimulates the production of gastric acid in the stomach. By blocking the action of histamine, cimetidine reduces the secretion of gastric acid, making it an effective drug for treating conditions such as heartburn, acid reflux, and stomach ulcers. Omeprazole (Prilosec) is a proton pump inhibitor that also reduces gastric acid production, but it works through a different mechanism. Metoclopramide (Reglan) is a medication that promotes gastric emptying and does not directly reduce gastric acid levels. Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox) is an antacid that neutralizes gastric acid but does not block its production.

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  • 15. 

    Another name for the Myenteric plexus is the ________.

    • Submucosal plexus

    • Branchial plexus

    • Auerbach's plexus

    • Lumbar plexus

    Correct Answer
    A. Auerbach's plexus
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Auerbach's plexus. The Myenteric plexus is also known as Auerbach's plexus. It is a network of nerves located between the layers of the muscularis externa in the gastrointestinal tract. It is responsible for regulating the motility of the digestive system, controlling the contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal wall.

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  • 16. 

    Which of the following is not a specific element of duodenal ulcers?

    • Primarily affects males

    • Occasional malignancy

    • Can lead to weight gain

    • Affects people over 65

    Correct Answer
    A. Affects people over 65
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Affects people over 65." This is not a specific element of duodenal ulcers because duodenal ulcers can affect people of any age, not just those over 65. The other options, such as primarily affecting males, occasional malignancy, and the possibility of weight gain, are all specific elements associated with duodenal ulcers.

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  • 17. 

    Which of the following is not a contributor to a condition of ascites?

    • Elevated levels of aldosterone

    • Hypertension

    • Low levels of albumin

    • Elevated levels of angiotension I

    Correct Answer
    A. Elevated levels of angiotension I
    Explanation
    Elevated levels of angiotensin I are not a contributor to a condition of ascites. Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, often caused by liver disease or cirrhosis. Elevated levels of aldosterone, hypertension, and low levels of albumin are all associated with ascites. However, angiotensin I is not directly involved in the development of ascites.

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  • 18. 

    What type of cell releases glucagon?

    • B cells

    • A cells

    • Plasma cells

    • D cells

    Correct Answer
    A. A cells
    Explanation
    A cells are responsible for releasing glucagon. Glucagon is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels by signaling the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream. The other options, such as b cells, plasma cells, and D cells, are not involved in the release of glucagon.

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  • 19. 

    Which of the following arteries supplies blood primarily to the Midgut?

    • IMA

    • Celiac

    • SMA

    • Axillary

    Correct Answer
    A. SMA
    Explanation
    The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) supplies blood primarily to the midgut. The midgut includes the small intestine and the proximal part of the large intestine. The SMA arises from the abdominal aorta and branches off to supply blood to these organs. The celiac artery primarily supplies blood to the foregut, which includes the stomach, liver, and spleen. The inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) supplies blood to the hindgut, which includes the distal part of the large intestine. The axillary artery is not related to the gastrointestinal system and primarily supplies blood to the upper limb.

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  • 20. 

    What type of cell releases somatostatin?

    • B cells

    • A cells

    • Plasma cells

    • D cells

    Correct Answer
    A. D cells
    Explanation
    D cells release somatostatin. Somatostatin is a hormone that inhibits the release of other hormones, such as insulin and glucagon. D cells are found in the pancreas and the gastrointestinal tract, and they are responsible for producing and releasing somatostatin in response to various stimuli, including low pH levels and the presence of certain nutrients. This hormone helps regulate the digestive system and plays a role in controlling the secretion of other hormones involved in digestion and metabolism.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Oct 06, 2009
    Quiz Created by
    Rapidresponse
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