1.
Gel nail is hardened by
Correct Answer
C. Ultra violet light (UV light)
Explanation
Gel nails are hardened by ultra violet light (UV light) because the gel polish contains photo-initiators that react when exposed to UV light. These photo-initiators start a chemical reaction that causes the gel polish to harden and cure. UV light is used specifically because it emits the necessary wavelength to activate the photo-initiators and ensure proper curing of the gel nails. Air dry, fan, and neon light do not emit the required UV light wavelength, thus they cannot effectively harden gel nails.
2.
What part of the body can the manicurist not massage?
Correct Answer
D. Head & Neck
Explanation
The manicurist cannot massage the head and neck because their primary focus is on providing nail and hand care services. Massaging the head and neck is typically done by a massage therapist or a specialist in that area. The manicurist's expertise lies in nail treatments and hand care, so they are not trained or equipped to provide massages to the head and neck.
3.
Wrap nail can be used for
Correct Answer
A. OnychopHagy
Explanation
Onychophagy refers to the habit of biting one's nails. A wrap nail can be used as a solution to prevent or discourage nail biting. It is a method where a thin layer of material, such as acrylic or gel, is applied over the natural nail to create a protective barrier. This barrier makes it difficult for an individual to bite their nails, helping them break the habit and promote healthier nail growth.
4.
A nail technician can not touch
Correct Answer
B. Dermis
Explanation
A nail technician cannot touch the dermis because the dermis is the second layer of the skin, located beneath the epidermis. It contains blood vessels, nerves, and hair follicles, making it sensitive and prone to injury. Nail technicians are trained to work on the nails and surrounding tissues, but they should not penetrate or touch the dermis to avoid causing harm or infection to the client.
5.
Top coat will be applied after
Correct Answer
A. Polish
Explanation
The given sequence represents the order in which different products are applied to the nails. The base coat is usually applied first to create a smooth surface and protect the nails. Next, a nail hardener may be applied to strengthen the nails. Then, a buffer may be used to smooth out any imperfections. Finally, the top coat, which is a clear polish, is applied as the last step to add shine and protect the nail color. Therefore, the correct answer is Polish, as it is the last product to be applied.
6.
The bit should always be placed on the nail
Correct Answer
D. Flat
Explanation
The correct answer is "Flat" because when placing a bit on a nail, it is most effective to position it flat against the nail surface. Placing the bit at an angle may result in a less secure grip and could cause the bit to slip off the nail. Therefore, keeping the bit flat ensures better stability and control while working with the nail.
7.
During a pedicure, what implement can damage matrix?
Correct Answer
B. Metal pusher
Explanation
During a pedicure, a metal pusher can damage the matrix. The matrix is the area at the base of the nail where new cells are formed, and it is important for nail health. Metal pushers, if used improperly or with excessive force, can cause injury to the matrix, leading to pain, bleeding, or even infection. It is important to handle metal pushers with care and use them gently to avoid damaging the matrix during a pedicure.
8.
What does a manicurist use to get lotion from a jar?
Correct Answer
C. Clean sanitized spatula
Explanation
A manicurist uses a clean sanitized spatula to get lotion from a jar. This is because a spatula allows for a hygienic and controlled application of the lotion onto the client's hands or nails. Using a spatula helps to prevent contamination and maintain cleanliness in the salon environment.
9.
A hand have three short nails and two long nails
Correct Answer
A. File two long nails
Explanation
The given answer suggests filing two long nails because the hand has three short nails and two long nails. Since the instruction is to file, it is logical to file the two long nails to achieve a consistent length across all nails. Filing the short nails would not be necessary as they are already short.
10.
When performing a pedicure, what implement is used to remove callus?
Correct Answer
A. Foot file or paddle
Explanation
A foot file or paddle is used to remove callus during a pedicure. This tool is specifically designed to gently exfoliate and smooth the rough, dry skin on the feet. It helps to eliminate calluses and leave the skin soft and smooth. Using a foot file or paddle is a safe and effective way to remove callus without causing any harm or injury to the feet.
11.
Nail technician need to refuse paraffin wax for a client who has
Correct Answer
C. Impaired circulation
Explanation
The correct answer is impaired circulation. Impaired circulation can cause poor blood flow, which can lead to various complications such as slow healing, increased risk of infection, and decreased sensation. Paraffin wax treatments involve immersing the hands or feet in warm wax, which can further restrict blood flow. Therefore, it is important for a nail technician to refuse paraffin wax for a client with impaired circulation to avoid any potential harm or complications.
12.
The disinfection can kill what kind of bacteria?
Correct Answer
A. Pathogenic
Explanation
Disinfection is a process that involves killing or eliminating harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Pathogenic bacteria refer to those bacteria that can cause diseases or infections in humans or animals. Therefore, the correct answer is "Pathogenic" as disinfection can kill this type of bacteria. Non-pathogenic bacteria, on the other hand, are harmless and do not cause any diseases. Leukonychia is a condition characterized by white spots or lines on the nails and is not related to bacteria or disinfection.
13.
A client has itchy and red spots as rings, what should the nail technician do?
Correct Answer
B. Refuse service and suggest to see pHyscian
Explanation
The correct answer is to refuse service and suggest the client to see a physician. Itchy and red spots in the form of rings could be indicative of a skin condition such as ringworm or eczema. As a nail technician, it is important to prioritize the client's health and safety. Refusing service and recommending them to consult a physician ensures that they receive the appropriate medical attention and prevents the potential spread of any contagious skin conditions.
14.
What's a good disinfectant for a nail brush?
Correct Answer
C. Solvent
Explanation
A solvent is a good disinfectant for a nail brush because it has the ability to dissolve and remove dirt, oil, and bacteria from the brush. It can effectively break down and eliminate any contaminants that may be present on the brush, ensuring that it is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. Solvents are commonly used in cleaning and disinfecting products due to their strong cleaning properties and ability to evaporate quickly without leaving residue.
15.
When performing acrylic tip, a dirty nail plate will cause
Correct Answer
A. Lift
Explanation
When performing acrylic tip, a dirty nail plate can cause the acrylic to not properly adhere to the nail. This can result in the acrylic lifting or peeling off the nail, leading to an uneven or unsatisfactory result. Therefore, the correct answer is "Lift".
16.
Manicurist massage occurs before what?
Correct Answer
B. Polish
Explanation
The correct answer is Polish. Manicurist massage is typically done before applying polish to the nails. This is because the massage helps to relax and moisturize the hands and fingers, preparing them for the polish application. Additionally, the massage can help improve blood circulation and promote healthy nails.
17.
Massage the skin well with
Correct Answer
A. Lotion
Explanation
Massaging the skin well with lotion helps to moisturize and nourish the skin. Lotion contains ingredients that can hydrate and soften the skin, making it smoother and more supple. It can also help to improve blood circulation and promote relaxation. Additionally, lotion can provide a protective barrier on the skin, preventing moisture loss and keeping the skin hydrated for longer periods of time. Overall, using lotion as a massage medium can have numerous benefits for the skin.
18.
What causes a blue nail?
Correct Answer
B. Poor blood circulation
Explanation
A blue nail is typically caused by poor blood circulation. When there is inadequate blood flow to the fingers or toes, the nail bed may not receive enough oxygen, resulting in a bluish tint. This can be caused by various factors such as cold temperatures, underlying medical conditions like Raynaud's disease or peripheral artery disease, or even certain medications. It is important to address the underlying cause of poor circulation to prevent further complications.
19.
What's the purpose of base coat?
Correct Answer
A. Prevent stains from polish color
Explanation
The purpose of a base coat is to prevent stains from the polish color. By applying a base coat before the colored polish, it creates a barrier between the nail and the pigment, preventing any staining or discoloration on the nail bed. This is especially important when using dark or highly pigmented nail polishes that have a tendency to stain the nails. Using a base coat helps to keep the nails looking clean and prevents any unwanted color transfer.
20.
What's primer used for?
Correct Answer
A. Strong adhesive
Explanation
Primer is used for providing a strong adhesive bond between a surface and the material being applied on it. It helps in enhancing the bonding strength and durability of the material, ensuring it sticks firmly to the surface.
21.
Pushing pack cuticle too hard will cause what?
Correct Answer
B. Ridge nail
Explanation
Pushing back the cuticle too hard can cause a ridge nail. This is because excessive pressure on the cuticle can damage the nail matrix, which is responsible for nail growth. When the matrix is damaged, it can result in irregular nail growth, leading to the formation of ridges on the nails.
22.
A lump on the skin with an inflamed base and a head containing pus is called a
Correct Answer
B. Pustule
Explanation
A lump on the skin with an inflamed base and a head containing pus is called a pustule. Pustules are small, raised, and filled with pus, which is a mixture of dead skin cells, bacteria, and white blood cells. They are commonly seen in conditions such as acne, folliculitis, and certain infections. Unlike tubercles, which are small rounded nodules, scales, which are thin flakes of dead skin, and scars, which are marks left after the healing of a wound, pustules are specifically characterized by their inflamed base and the presence of pus.
23.
When applying an artificial tip to the nail plate, the point of contact is called the
Correct Answer
A. Well
Explanation
The correct answer is "Well". When applying an artificial tip to the nail plate, the point of contact is called the well. The well is the area where the artificial tip is attached to the natural nail, providing a secure and stable base for the tip. It is an important part of the nail enhancement process as it ensures proper adhesion and longevity of the artificial tip.
24.
The skin tissue which the nail root is under is called
Correct Answer
C. Nail fold
Explanation
The skin tissue which the nail root is under is called the nail fold. The nail fold is the skin that surrounds the sides and base of the nail. It helps to protect and support the nail, keeping it in place. The nail fold also plays a role in the production of new nail cells, as it contains the nail matrix where these cells are formed.
25.
The correct way to file nail is
Correct Answer
C. Corner to center
Explanation
Filing the nail from the corner to the center is the correct way. This technique helps to prevent the nail from splitting or breaking. Filing in this direction also helps to maintain the shape of the nail and create a smooth edge. Filing in any other direction may cause damage to the nail or result in an uneven shape.
26.
If cuticle is too dry it can cause
Correct Answer
A. Hang nail
Explanation
If the cuticle is too dry, it can cause a hangnail. A hangnail occurs when the skin around the nail bed becomes dry and starts to peel or crack. This can be painful and can also lead to infection if not properly treated. Dry cuticles can be caused by factors such as cold weather, excessive hand washing, or lack of moisturization.
27.
What should you do after use of the emery board?
Correct Answer
B. Discard
Explanation
After using the emery board, it is important to discard it. Emery boards are typically used for filing and shaping nails, and they can become worn out and less effective over time. Additionally, emery boards can accumulate dirt, bacteria, and dead skin cells from the nails during use, making them unhygienic. Therefore, it is best to discard the emery board after use to maintain good hygiene and prevent the spread of bacteria and infections.
28.
To store chemical saftely refer to
Correct Answer
C. Material Saftey Data Sheet
Explanation
The Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a document that provides detailed information about the potential hazards and safe handling procedures for a specific chemical. It includes information about the physical and chemical properties of the chemical, as well as its potential health effects and necessary precautions for storage and handling. By referring to the MSDS, one can ensure that the chemical is stored safely and that appropriate measures are taken to protect against any potential risks.
29.
Nail polish remover usually contains organic solvent and
Correct Answer
A. Oils, scents, and coloring
Explanation
Nail polish remover typically contains organic solvents, which are used to dissolve and remove the nail polish. In addition to these solvents, it may also contain oils to help moisturize the nails and cuticles, scents to mask the strong odor of the solvents, and coloring to give the remover a visually appealing appearance.
30.
What's quaternary ammonium compound? = Quats
Correct Answer
B. Disinfectant
Explanation
Quaternary ammonium compounds, also known as "quats," are a type of disinfectant. These compounds are commonly used in cleaning products and disinfectants due to their ability to kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. They are effective against a wide range of pathogens and are commonly used in healthcare settings, food processing facilities, and household cleaning products. Quats work by disrupting the cell membranes of microorganisms, leading to their destruction. They are considered safe for use on surfaces and have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity.
31.
Client has a finger infection, what should you do?
Correct Answer
B. Refuse service and suggest to see pHysician
Explanation
Refusing service and suggesting to see a physician is the correct answer because a finger infection requires medical attention. As a service provider, it is important to prioritize the client's health and safety. Refusing service in this case is necessary to prevent the spread of infection and to ensure that the client receives proper medical treatment from a physician.
32.
Where should clean towels be stored?
Correct Answer
A. In enclosed cabinet
Explanation
Clean towels should be stored in an enclosed cabinet to keep them clean and free from dust, dirt, and other contaminants. Storing them in an enclosed cabinet also helps to maintain their freshness and prevents them from being exposed to moisture or odors. Additionally, storing towels in a cabinet helps to keep them organized and easily accessible when needed.
33.
WHat is the technical term for nail disease?
Correct Answer
A. Onychosis
Explanation
Onychosis is the correct technical term for nail disease. It refers to any abnormal condition or disease affecting the nails. This term encompasses various nail disorders, including infections, deformities, discoloration, and inflammation. Onychia, on the other hand, specifically refers to inflammation or infection of the nail matrix or bed, while onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nails. However, the most comprehensive and general term for nail disease is onychosis.
34.
What benefits from a hot oil massage?
Correct Answer
A. Dry skin
Explanation
A hot oil massage benefits dry skin because the heat from the oil helps to open up the pores and allows the oil to deeply penetrate the skin. This helps to moisturize and hydrate the dry skin, leaving it feeling soft and supple. The hot oil also helps to improve blood circulation, which can further enhance the nourishing effects of the massage. Additionally, the massage itself helps to exfoliate dead skin cells, promoting a smoother and healthier complexion for dry skin.
35.
Disinfecting implements prevents what?
Correct Answer
A. Dangerous bacteria
Explanation
Disinfecting implements prevents the growth and spread of dangerous bacteria. By using disinfectants, harmful bacteria on surfaces or objects can be killed or deactivated, reducing the risk of infections and illnesses. Regular disinfection helps maintain a clean and hygienic environment, particularly in settings such as hospitals, kitchens, and public spaces where bacteria can easily thrive and cause harm.
36.
How should nail on feet be shaped?
Correct Answer
A. Pedicure
Explanation
Pedicure is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the care and treatment of the feet and toenails. When getting a pedicure, the nails on the feet are shaped in a specific way to ensure they are neat and aesthetically pleasing. This may involve trimming, filing, and buffing the nails to the desired shape. Manicure, on the other hand, focuses on the care and treatment of the hands and fingernails, so it is not applicable to shaping the nails on the feet. Hand care is a more general term that can encompass both manicure and pedicure, but it does not specify the shaping of the nails on the feet.
37.
An acrylic should be applied b using this brush technique
Correct Answer
B. Dab and press
Explanation
When applying acrylic, the recommended brush technique is to dab the brush onto the surface to pick up the paint and then press it onto the desired area. This technique allows for better control and coverage of the paint, resulting in a smoother and more even application.
38.
When should you use UV to sanitize multi implements?
Correct Answer
C. Before use on each client
Explanation
UV sanitization is a crucial step in maintaining hygiene and preventing the spread of infections in a salon or spa setting. Sanitizing multi implements before use on each client ensures that any potential bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens are eliminated, reducing the risk of cross-contamination between clients. This practice helps to maintain a clean and safe environment for both the clients and the service providers.
39.
Arm massages finish at where?
Correct Answer
A. Elbow
Explanation
Arm massages typically finish at the elbow because the elbow joint is a natural stopping point in the arm. Massaging the arm up to the elbow helps to release tension and increase blood flow in the muscles and tissues of the forearm. Additionally, focusing the massage on the elbow joint can help to alleviate any discomfort or stiffness in that area.
40.
What's the reason for disinfecting tables?
Correct Answer
A. Prevents spreading of diseases
Explanation
Disinfecting tables is important because it helps prevent the spreading of diseases. By regularly cleaning and disinfecting tables, harmful bacteria and viruses can be eliminated, reducing the risk of infections and illnesses. This is particularly crucial in public spaces or areas where multiple people come into contact with the tables, as it helps maintain a clean and hygienic environment.
41.
What kind of compound is used to stop bleeding?
Correct Answer
A. Alum powder
Explanation
Alum powder is used to stop bleeding because it has astringent properties. When applied to a wound, alum powder causes the blood vessels to constrict, reducing blood flow and promoting clotting. This helps to stop bleeding and facilitate the healing process. Alcohol and glue do not possess these astringent properties and therefore are not effective in stopping bleeding.
42.
How do you get a high shine nail?
Correct Answer
B. Chamois buffering and cream powder
Explanation
Chamois buffering and cream powder can help achieve a high shine on nails. Chamois buffering refers to using a chamois cloth or buffer to gently polish the nails, creating a smooth surface. Cream powder, on the other hand, is a type of nail product that can be applied after buffering to add shine and enhance the overall appearance of the nails. Together, these techniques can result in a glossy and polished finish.
43.
What helps to mechanically remove non-living tissue from the foot?
Correct Answer
B. Exfoliating
Explanation
Exfoliating helps to mechanically remove non-living tissue from the foot. Exfoliating involves using a scrub or tool to gently remove dead skin cells and rough patches from the surface of the skin. This process helps to promote cell turnover and reveal smoother, healthier skin underneath. By exfoliating regularly, one can effectively remove non-living tissue from the foot and improve its overall appearance and texture.
44.
When must implements be disinfected?
Correct Answer
D. After each use on client
Explanation
Implements must be disinfected after each use on a client to ensure proper hygiene and prevent the spread of infections. This is because each client may have different bacteria or viruses on their skin, and disinfecting the implements after each use helps to eliminate any potential pathogens and maintain a clean and safe environment for both the clients and the professionals.
45.
What is the maximum amount of plate that should cover the nail?
Correct Answer
B. 50%
Explanation
The maximum amount of plate that should cover the nail is 50%. This means that the nail should be covered by at most half of the plate. If the plate covers more than 50% of the nail, it may lead to an imbalance or instability, potentially causing discomfort or damage to the nail. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the plate covers the nail adequately but not excessively.
46.
Personal hygiene basics include all of the following except
Correct Answer
D. Wearing a uniform
Explanation
Personal hygiene basics refer to practices that help maintain cleanliness and prevent the spread of germs. Having fresh breath, using a deodorant, and daily bathing are all essential aspects of personal hygiene as they contribute to cleanliness and overall well-being. However, wearing a uniform is not directly related to personal hygiene. While wearing clean and appropriate clothing is important, it is not considered a basic personal hygiene practice.
47.
When can a client with athlete's foot be given a pedicure?
Correct Answer
D. Never, refer to pHysician
Explanation
A client with athlete's foot should never be given a pedicure and should be referred to a physician. Athlete's foot is a contagious fungal infection that can easily spread to other people or surfaces, including pedicure tools and equipment. It is important to prioritize the client's health and safety by not providing a pedicure and instead advising them to seek medical treatment from a physician.
48.
WHat forms when skin thickens and hardens?
Correct Answer
C. Callus
Explanation
When skin is subjected to repeated friction or pressure, it can respond by thickening and hardening, forming a callus. Calluses typically develop on the hands, feet, or any other area that experiences frequent rubbing or irritation. They serve as a protective mechanism for the skin, preventing further damage. Unlike cholasma, keloid, or lentigines, callus formation is specifically characterized by the thickening and hardening of the skin.
49.
What can be added to nail polish to thin it?
Correct Answer
A. Solvent
Explanation
Solvent is the correct answer because it is commonly used to thin nail polish. Nail polish can become thick and clumpy over time, making it difficult to apply. Adding a solvent, such as acetone or ethyl acetate, helps to break down the polish and make it easier to spread evenly on the nails. Solvents also help to restore the original consistency of the polish, allowing it to dry faster and last longer. Sealer, lacquer, and hydrogen peroxide are not typically used to thin nail polish.
50.
Split or brittle nails that also have a series of lengthwise ridges are called
Correct Answer
A. Onychorrhexis
Explanation
Onychorrhexis refers to split or brittle nails that have lengthwise ridges. This condition can be caused by various factors such as aging, nutritional deficiencies, excessive use of nail products, and certain medical conditions. The ridges in onychorrhexis are typically parallel to each other and can make the nails appear weak and prone to breakage. Onychorrhexis is a common issue and can be managed with proper nail care and addressing any underlying causes.