1.
Технологије за повезивање рачунара са рачунарским мрежама обухватају следеће слојеве OSI модела:
Correct Answer(s)
A. физички слој
B. слој везе
Explanation
The correct answer is "физички слој, слој везе" because these two layers of the OSI model are responsible for establishing and maintaining the physical connection between computers in a computer network. The physical layer deals with the actual transmission of data through physical media such as cables, while the data link layer manages the flow of data between adjacent nodes on a network. These layers are crucial for ensuring reliable and efficient communication between computers in a network.
2.
Основни критеријуми за категоризацију рачунарских телекомуникационих технологија на 1. и 2. слоју ОСИ модела су:
Correct Answer(s)
A. тип медија за пренос податка
B. географска површина коју покривају
Explanation
The main criteria for categorizing computer telecommunications technologies at the 1st and 2nd layers of the OSI model are the type of data transmission media and the geographic area they cover. These criteria determine the physical means through which data is transmitted and the geographical range of the technology's coverage. Other factors such as security level, compliance with standards, user services provided, and support for packet data transmission may also be important but are not specifically mentioned in the question.
3.
Посредници између Интернет мреже и њених крајњих корисника су:
Correct Answer
A. Интернет провајдери
Explanation
The correct answer is "Интернет провајдери" (Internet providers). Internet providers act as intermediaries between the Internet network and its end users. They provide access to the Internet by connecting users to the network through various technologies such as DSL, cable, or fiber optic connections. Internet providers also offer services such as email, web hosting, and virtual private networks (VPNs) to their customers. They play a crucial role in ensuring that users can connect to the Internet and access online resources.
4.
Често коришћене телекомуникационе инфраструктуре за повезивање крајњих корисника са Интернет провајдерима су:
Correct Answer(s)
A. јавна телефонска мрежа
B. мрежа кабловске телевизије
Explanation
The commonly used telecommunication infrastructures for connecting end users to Internet providers are the public telephone network and the cable television network. These networks provide reliable and widespread connectivity options for users to access the Internet.
5.
Неки од сервиса за повезивање са Интернет провајдерима коришћењем јавне телефонске мреже су:
Correct Answer(s)
A. ADSL
B. ISDN
Explanation
The correct answer is ADSL and ISDN. ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) is a type of broadband internet connection that uses existing telephone lines to provide high-speed internet access. ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) is a set of communication standards that enables the transmission of voice, video, and data over digital telephone lines. Both ADSL and ISDN are examples of services that connect to internet providers using the public telephone network.
6.
Кориснички сервиси се по Интернет моделу комуникације реализују на:
Correct Answer
A. слоју апликације
Explanation
User services in the internet communication model are implemented at the application layer. This layer is responsible for providing services directly to the end user, such as email, web browsing, and file transfer. It interacts with the lower layers of the model to establish communication and ensure reliable data transfer. The application layer protocols include HTTP, FTP, SMTP, and DNS, among others.
7.
Софтверска компонента која функционише на највишем слоју ОСИ модела и поседује кориснички интерфејс назива се:
Correct Answer
A. апликација
Explanation
The correct answer is "апликација" because an application is a software component that functions at the highest layer of the OSI model and possesses a user interface. It is responsible for performing specific tasks or providing certain functionalities to the user.
8.
Софтверска компонента која функционише на највишем слоју ОСИ модела и не поседује кориснички интерфејс назива се:
Correct Answer
B. сервис
Explanation
The correct answer is "сервис" because a software component that functions at the highest layer of the OSI model and does not possess a user interface is commonly referred to as a "service". Unlike an application, which typically has a user interface, a service operates in the background and provides specific functionality without direct user interaction. The term "комуникациони модел" refers to the communication model and is not applicable in this context.
9.
За адресовање чланова у локалној мрежи задужене су технологије:
Correct Answer
A. слоја за приступ мрежи у Интернет моделу
Explanation
The correct answer is "слоја за приступ мрежи у Интернет моделу" which translates to "network access layer in the Internet model". The network access layer is responsible for addressing and accessing members within a local network. This layer handles tasks such as assigning IP addresses to devices and managing local network communication.
10.
Пролази између две или више мрежа засновани су на:
Correct Answer
A. вишеструком удомљавању
Explanation
The correct answer is "вишеструком удомљавању" which translates to "multiple encapsulation" in English. This refers to the process of encapsulating packets from one network within the packets of another network, allowing them to traverse multiple networks. This technique is commonly used in networking to enable communication between different networks with different protocols or architectures.
11.
На слици је приказан модел:
Correct Answer
A. вишеструког удомљавања
Explanation
The correct answer is "вишеструког удомљавања" which translates to "multiple nesting" in English. This suggests that the model depicted on the diagram involves multiple levels or layers of nesting.
12.
За повезивање две рачунарске мреже које су географски удаљене најчешће се користе технологије и инфраструктуре:
Correct Answer(s)
A. јавна телефонска мрежа
B. фрејм релеј
Explanation
The correct answer is "јавна телефонска мрежа, фрејм релеј". For connecting geographically distant computer networks, the most commonly used technologies and infrastructures are public telephone networks and frame relay. Public telephone networks provide reliable and secure communication over long distances, while frame relay is a high-speed packet-switching technology that allows for efficient data transmission between networks. These technologies are preferred for their ability to establish connections between remote networks and ensure data transfer with minimal delay and loss.
13.
Функција превођења мрежних адреса (енгл. Network Address Translation, NAT) углавном се користи код:
Correct Answer
A. вишеструко удомљених чланова мреже
Explanation
NAT (Network Address Translation) is mainly used for multiple-homed network members. This means that when multiple devices are connected to a network, NAT allows them to share a single public IP address. NAT translates the private IP addresses of each device into the public IP address when communicating with external networks. This helps conserve public IP addresses and enhances network security by hiding the internal network structure.
14.
Једна од функција која омогућава комуникацију између две суседне мреже, а специфична је за вишеструко удомљене чланове је:
Correct Answer
A. рутирање
Explanation
The correct answer is "рутирање" (routing). This function enables communication between two neighboring networks and is specific to multi-homed members. Routing involves the process of determining the best path for data packets to travel from the source network to the destination network. It ensures that data is delivered efficiently and accurately across different networks.
15.
Брига о поузданом преносу целокупног садржаја комуникације задатак је:
Correct Answer
C. транспортног слоја
Explanation
The correct answer is the transport layer. The transport layer is responsible for ensuring the reliable delivery of the entire content of communication. It handles the segmentation and reassembly of data packets, as well as error detection and correction. This layer also provides end-to-end communication between the source and destination hosts, regardless of the network infrastructure in between.
16.
Када је у питању пренос података осетљивих на измене подразумева се коришћење следећег транспортног протокола:
Correct Answer
A. протокола за контролу преноса (ТСР)
Explanation
The correct answer is "протокола за контролу преноса (ТСР)". When it comes to transmitting data that is sensitive to changes, the use of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is implied. TCP is a reliable and connection-oriented protocol that ensures the delivery of data packets in the correct order and without loss or duplication. It also provides error checking and flow control mechanisms, making it suitable for transmitting sensitive data that requires accuracy and integrity.
17.
Када је у питању пренос података осетљивих на кашњење подразумева се коришћење следећег транспортног протокола:
Correct Answer
B. Протокола корисничких дазтаграма (UDP)
Explanation
When it comes to transmitting delay-sensitive data, the use of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is implied. UDP is a connectionless protocol that does not provide error checking or flow control, but it is faster and more efficient for real-time applications such as streaming media or online gaming. TCP, Internet Protocol (IP), and Ethernet Protocol are not specifically designed for delay-sensitive data and may introduce additional latency or overhead.
18.
Пакетски пренос података у рачунарским мрежама подразумева пренос података:
Correct Answer
A. у мањим јединицама (пакетима)
Explanation
Packet data transmission in computer networks refers to the transmission of data in smaller units called packets. Instead of sending the entire sequence of bits at once, the data is divided into packets and transmitted individually. This allows for more efficient and reliable data transmission, as packets can be routed separately and reassembled at the destination. Therefore, the correct answer is "у мањим јединицама (пакетима)" which translates to "in smaller units (packets)".
19.
у јединицама величине бајта
Correct Answer
A. оквир
Explanation
The given answer "оквир" is the correct answer because it is a term used in computer networking to refer to a unit of data that is transmitted between network devices. In the context of the question, which mentions "у јединицама величине бајта" (in units of bytes), it makes sense to use the term "оквир" as it represents a specific size of data transmission.
20.
Основна јединица података протокола мрежном слоју назива се:
Correct Answer
B. пакет
Explanation
The correct answer is "пакет" (packet). In networking, a packet is the basic unit of data in the network layer. It contains the necessary information for routing and delivering data across a network. It is encapsulated within a frame (оквир) at the data link layer and may be further divided into segments (сегмент) at the transport layer. However, the main unit of data at the network layer is the packet.
21.
Основна јединица података протокола на транспортном слоју назива се:
Correct Answer
C. сегмент
Explanation
The correct answer is "сегмент" because in networking, a segment refers to the unit of data at the transport layer. It is created when a large amount of data from the application layer is divided into smaller segments for transmission over the network. These segments are then reassembled at the receiving end to reconstruct the original data.
22.
Термин "инкапсулација" односи се на:
Correct Answer
A. вертикалну комуникацију у рачунарским мрежама
Explanation
The term "инкапсулација" refers to vertical communication in computer networks. This means that it involves the transfer of data or information between different levels or layers of a network hierarchy. Vertical communication can occur between devices or components within the same network layer, or between different layers of the network protocol stack. It is an important aspect of network communication as it allows for the efficient and organized transfer of data between different network entities.
23.
Процес инкапсулације се односи на:
Correct Answer
A. одлазни саобраћај
Explanation
The correct answer is "одлазни саобраћај" which translates to "outgoing traffic" in English. The term "инкапсулација" refers to the process of encapsulation, which in the context of networking, is the process of enclosing data packets within headers and trailers for transmission over a network. In this case, "одлазни саобраћај" specifically refers to the encapsulation process for outgoing traffic.
24.
Процес декапсулације се односи на:
Correct Answer
A. долазни саобраћај
Explanation
The correct answer is "долазни саобраћај" which translates to "incoming traffic" in English. This means that the process of decapsulation refers to the incoming traffic.
25.
Термин "декапсулација" односи се на:
Correct Answer
B. хоризонталну комуникацију у рачунарским мрежама
Explanation
The term "декапсулација" refers to horizontal communication in computer networks. This means that it is the process of removing the headers and trailers from a packet as it travels across different layers of the network. This allows the data to be processed and understood by the receiving device. Vertical communication refers to the communication between different layers of the network protocol stack, while physical frames refer to the actual data transmission units in the network.
26.
У току једног мрежног преноса података између рачунара који се налазе у различитим, међусобно повезаним мрежама, оба процеса - и процес инкапсулације, и процес декапсулације - извршиће се на:
Correct Answer
C. рутеру
Explanation
The correct answer is "рутеру" which translates to "router" in English. In a network transmission between computers in different interconnected networks, both the encapsulation and decapsulation processes occur at the router. The router is responsible for receiving data packets from one network, encapsulating them with the necessary routing information, and forwarding them to the appropriate network. Similarly, when receiving data packets from another network, the router decapsulates them by removing the routing information and delivers the packets to the destination computer.
27.
Смештање пакета Протокола за контролу преноса (ТСР) у пакете Интернет протокола је пример:
Correct Answer
A. инкапсулације
Explanation
This question is in Serbian and it asks for an example of placing Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) packets into Internet Protocol (IP) packets. The correct answer is "инкапсулације" (encapsulation). Encapsulation refers to the process of adding headers and trailers to the data at each layer of the network protocol stack as it travels from the higher layers to the lower layers. In this case, TCP packets are encapsulated into IP packets by adding IP headers and trailers to ensure proper routing and delivery of the data over the internet.
28.
Распакивање пакета Протокола за контролу преноса (ТСР) из пакета Интернет протокола је:
Correct Answer
A. пример декапсулације
Explanation
The correct answer is "пример декапсулације" which translates to "an example of decapsulation" in English. Decapsulation refers to the process of removing the headers added by one protocol to extract the original data. In this case, it is referring to the process of unpacking the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) packets from the Internet Protocol (IP) packets.
29.
Формални стандард за рачунарске телекомуникације дефинисан је од стране:
Correct Answer
A. Међународне организације за стандардизацију, ISO
Explanation
The correct answer is "Међународне организације за стандардизацију, ISO." This is because the question is asking about the formal standard for computer telecommunications, and ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is the international organization that defines and develops standards for various industries, including computer telecommunications.
30.
Формални стандард за рачунарске телекомуникације носи назив:
Correct Answer
A. Open Systems Interconnection, OSI
Explanation
The correct answer is "Open Systems Interconnection, OSI." The OSI model is a formal standard for computer telecommunications that defines a framework for implementing network protocols and provides a structured approach to network design and communication. It consists of seven layers, each responsible for a specific set of functions, and allows different types of computer systems to communicate with each other over a network. TCP/IP is a protocol suite that is commonly used in computer networks, but it is not the formal standard for computer telecommunications. ".com" is a top-level domain used for websites, and "TeleCom" is a general term for telecommunications but is not the specific formal standard mentioned in the question.
31.
Референтни модел за отворено повезивање система (OSI) дефинише следећи број слојева у комуникацији:
Correct Answer
A. 7
Explanation
The correct answer is 7 because the OSI reference model for open systems interconnection defines communication in seven layers. These layers include the physical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer, session layer, presentation layer, and application layer. Each layer has its own specific function and together they provide a framework for communication between different systems.
32.
Најнижи слој OSI модела је:
Correct Answer
A. физички слој
Explanation
The correct answer is "физички слој" (physical layer). The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a communication system into seven different layers. The physical layer is the lowest layer in this model and is responsible for the actual transmission and reception of data bits over a physical medium, such as cables or wireless signals. It deals with the electrical, mechanical, and physical aspects of the communication system.
33.
Највиши слој OSI модела је:
Correct Answer
A. слој апликације
Explanation
The highest layer of the OSI model is the application layer. This layer is responsible for providing services directly to the end-user applications. It includes protocols such as HTTP, FTP, SMTP, and DNS, which enable communication between different applications and systems. The application layer is responsible for tasks such as data formatting, encryption, and compression. It interacts with the lower layers of the OSI model to establish and maintain communication between applications on different devices.
34.
Интернет модел комуникације (TCP/IP) дефинише следећи број слојева комуникације:
Correct Answer
D. 4
Explanation
The correct answer is 4 because the TCP/IP communication model defines four layers of communication. These layers include the network interface layer, internet layer, transport layer, and application layer. Each layer has its own specific functions and protocols to ensure efficient and reliable communication over the internet.
35.
У слој апликације TCP/IP модела обједињени су следећи слојеви OSI модела:
Correct Answer(s)
A. слој апликације
B. слој презентације
C. слој сесије
Explanation
The correct answer is "слој апликације, слој презентације, слој сесије" because these layers in the TCP/IP model correspond to the application layer, presentation layer, and session layer in the OSI model. These layers are responsible for managing the communication between applications on different devices, handling data formatting and encryption, and establishing and maintaining sessions between applications.
36.
У слој приступа мрежи TCP/IP модела обједињени су следећи слојеви OSI модела:
Correct Answer(s)
A. физички слој
B. слој везе
Explanation
The correct answer is "физички слој, слој везе" because these two layers in the OSI model correspond to the "у слој приступа мрежи" in the TCP/IP model. The physical layer is responsible for the actual transmission of data over a physical medium, while the data link layer handles the reliable transmission of data between two directly connected nodes. Therefore, these two layers are combined in the TCP/IP model as the access layer.
37.
Вертикалну комуникацију у комуникационим моделима Интернет мреже представља:
Correct Answer
A. комуникација између различитих комуникационих слојева
Explanation
The correct answer is "комуникација између различитих комуникационих слојева" which means "communication between different communication layers" in English. This refers to the vertical communication between the various layers of communication in an Internet network. Each layer has its own specific function and communicates with the adjacent layers to ensure the proper transmission of data. This vertical communication allows for the efficient and effective operation of the Internet network.
38.
Хоризонталну комуникацију у комуникационим моделима Интернет мреже представља:
Correct Answer
A. комуникација између имплементација протокола на различитим странама
Explanation
The correct answer suggests that horizontal communication in communication models of Internet networks refers to communication between protocol implementations on different sides. This means that it involves communication between different entities or systems that are implementing the protocols on different sides of the network. It does not involve communication between network devices working at the same levels or between different communication layers.
39.
За одређивање нивоа на коме ради одређени мрежни уређај користи се редни број:
Correct Answer
B. највишег слоја OSI модела чије пакете уређај разуме
Explanation
The correct answer is "највишег слоја OSI модела чије пакете уређај разуме" which means "the highest layer of the OSI model whose packets the device understands". This suggests that the device determines its level based on the highest layer of the OSI model that it can comprehend. The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a communication system, and it consists of seven layers. Therefore, the device determines its level based on the highest layer it can understand within this model.
40.
Уређај који ради на 3. слоју OSI модела је:
Correct Answer
A. рутер
Explanation
A router operates at the third layer of the OSI model, which is the network layer. It is responsible for routing data packets between different networks based on their IP addresses. Routers use routing tables to determine the best path for forwarding the packets. Unlike switches or repeaters, routers can make intelligent decisions about where to send data based on network conditions and routing protocols. Therefore, a router is the correct answer for the device that operates at the third layer of the OSI model.
41.
Уређај који ради на 2. слоју OSI модела је:
Correct Answer
B. комутатор (свич)
Explanation
A device that operates at the 2nd layer of the OSI model is a switch. A switch is responsible for forwarding data packets within a local area network (LAN) by examining the destination MAC address of each packet and sending it to the appropriate port. It provides better performance and security compared to a hub or repeater, as it creates separate collision domains for each port, reducing network congestion and improving data transmission efficiency.
42.
Уређај који ради на 1. слоју OSI модела је:
Correct Answer
C. појачивач сигнала (рипитер, хаб)
Explanation
The device that operates at the 1st layer of the OSI model is a signal amplifier (repeater, hub).
43.
Технологија на слоју за приступ мрежи у Интернет моделу је:
Correct Answer
A. Етернет
Explanation
The correct answer is Ethernet. Ethernet is a technology that is used for connecting devices in a local area network (LAN). It is a layer 2 protocol in the Internet model, which means it operates at the data link layer. Ethernet is widely used for wired connections and provides a reliable and efficient means of transmitting data between devices. It uses a set of rules and protocols to govern how data is transmitted and received over a network.
44.
Протокол који ради на мрежном слоју је:
Correct Answer
B. Интернет протокол
Explanation
The correct answer is "Интернет протокол" (Internet Protocol). This protocol operates at the network layer and is responsible for routing packets across different networks in the internet. It provides the addressing and routing mechanisms that enable data to be transmitted between devices over the internet.
45.
Протокол који ради на транспортном слоју је:
Correct Answer
C. Протокол за контролу преноса (ТСР)
Explanation
The correct answer is "Протокол за контролу преноса (ТСР)" because this protocol operates at the transport layer of the OSI model. It provides reliable, connection-oriented communication between devices on a network. TCP ensures that data packets are delivered in the correct order and without errors, making it suitable for applications that require high data integrity, such as web browsing, email, and file transfers.
46.
Протокол који ради на слоју апликације је:
Correct Answer
D. Протокол за пренос хипер-текста (НТТР)
Explanation
The correct answer is "Протокол за пренос хипер-текста (НТТР)". This is because the question is asking for the protocol that operates at the application layer, and HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the protocol used for transmitting hypertext over the internet. The other options mentioned, such as Ethernet, Internet Protocol, and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), are protocols that operate at lower layers of the network stack.
47.
Оквирна процена броја људи који приступа Интернет мрежи на крају прве деценије 20. века је:
Correct Answer
A. преко две милијарде
Explanation
The question asks for an approximate estimate of the number of people accessing the Internet at the end of the first decade of the 20th century. The correct answer, "преко две милијарде" (over two billion), suggests that the number of Internet users was more than two billion at that time.
48.
Првих 50 милиона корисника Интернет мрежа је остварила након колико година од свог настанка?
Correct Answer
A. 5 година
Explanation
The given question asks how many years it took for the first 50 million Internet users to be reached. The correct answer is "5 година" which means "5 years" in English. This suggests that it took 5 years from the inception of the Internet for the first 50 million users to be achieved.
49.
Брзина којом крајњи корисници приступају Интернет мрежи сваке године се повећава за око:
Correct Answer
A. 50 процената
Explanation
The speed at which end users access the Internet network increases by approximately 50 percent every year.
50.
Када је у питању Интернет мрежа, могућност унапређивања технологија на различитим нивоима без опасности по нарушивање компатибилности са технологијама на осталим нивоима омогућава:
Correct Answer
A. слојевити дизајн комуникационог модела
Explanation
The layered design of a communication model allows for the improvement of technology at different levels without compromising compatibility with technologies at other levels. This means that advancements can be made in one layer without affecting the functionality of other layers.