1.
What charting symbol best indicates a tooth that is not visible in the mouth?
Correct Answer
C. X through the tooth
Explanation
The symbol "X through the tooth" best indicates a tooth that is not visible in the mouth. This symbol is commonly used in dental charting to represent a missing tooth or a tooth that has been extracted. It is a clear and easily recognizable way to indicate the absence of a tooth on a dental chart.
2.
A base is placed ____________________ :
Correct Answer
D. A, B, and C are all correct
Explanation
A base is placed as a measure of protection for the pulp because decay or trauma was close to the pulp, and on the floor of the tooth preparation.
3.
According to the Dental Board regulations, how long should sterilization monitoring records be stored?
Correct Answer
C. One year
Explanation
According to the Dental Board regulations, sterilization monitoring records should be stored for one year. This means that the records should be kept for a period of twelve months from the date the load was originally processed.
4.
Which of the following is an example of an OSHA required sharp with engineered injury protection?
Correct Answer
C. A self-sheathing needle attached to a dental anesthetic syringe
Explanation
A self-sheathing needle attached to a dental anesthetic syringe is an example of an OSHA required sharp with engineered injury protection. This type of needle has a built-in mechanism that automatically covers the sharp tip after use, reducing the risk of accidental needlestick injuries. The other options, such as a cardboard needle guard, a butterfly needle, and a needle cap holder, do not provide the same level of engineered injury protection as a self-sheathing needle.
5.
The air/water syringe is primarily used during the coronal polishing procedure to _____________________ :
Correct Answer
D. Remove the remaining paste
Explanation
The air/water syringe is primarily used during the coronal polishing procedure to remove the remaining paste. This is because after the polishing paste is applied to the teeth and the polishing procedure is completed, there may be residue or excess paste left on the tooth surfaces. The air/water syringe provides a combination of air and water that helps to effectively rinse and remove the remaining paste, leaving the teeth clean and polished.
6.
Which of the following should be done FIRST if an adult patient does not have a pulse?
Correct Answer
A. Call for emergency assistance
Explanation
The first thing that should be done if an adult patient does not have a pulse is to call for emergency assistance. This is important because time is of the essence in such situations, and professional medical help is needed immediately. Calling for emergency assistance ensures that trained medical personnel will be on their way to provide the necessary help and potentially save the patient's life. Administering oxygen, calling the patient's medical doctor, or administering CPR can be done after emergency assistance has been called.
7.
Oral surgical procedures require the use of ______________________ :
Correct Answer
B. Sterile irrigating solutions using a sterile delivery system
Explanation
Oral surgical procedures require the use of sterile irrigating solutions using a sterile delivery system because these procedures involve direct contact with the oral cavity and can introduce bacteria and other microorganisms into the bloodstream. Using sterile solutions and delivery systems helps to minimize the risk of infection and ensures the safety of the patient during the procedure.
8.
When setting up an instrument tray or cassette, the instruments should be set up _____________________ :
Correct Answer
B. From left to right
Explanation
When setting up an instrument tray or cassette, the instruments should be set up from left to right. This is because most people are right-handed, and setting up the instruments from left to right allows for easier access and manipulation of the instruments with the dominant hand. Additionally, setting up the instruments from left to right follows the natural reading and writing direction in many cultures, making it easier to locate and identify specific instruments when needed.
9.
Who legally owns a patient's dental radiographs?
Correct Answer
C. The dentist
Explanation
The dentist legally owns a patient's dental radiographs because they are considered part of the patient's dental records. These records are the property of the dentist and are used for diagnostic and treatment purposes. The dentist is responsible for keeping these records confidential and ensuring their safekeeping.
10.
Calcium hydroxide is used in dentistry as a ____________________ :
Correct Answer
B. Liner
Explanation
Calcium hydroxide is used in dentistry as a liner. A liner is a material that is placed between the tooth and a restoration to protect the tooth from irritation and promote healing. Calcium hydroxide has antimicrobial properties and stimulates the formation of secondary dentin, making it an ideal choice for a liner in dental procedures.
11.
Prior to sterilization, loose contaminated instruments are processed in an ultrasonic cleaner to _____________ :
Correct Answer
C. Remove debris and bioburden
Explanation
The correct answer is c. remove debris and bioburden. Prior to sterilization, loose contaminated instruments are processed in an ultrasonic cleaner to remove debris and bioburden. This is important because sterilization is most effective when the instruments are thoroughly cleaned before the process. The ultrasonic cleaner uses high-frequency sound waves to create tiny bubbles that implode, creating a scrubbing action that helps to dislodge and remove any debris or bioburden present on the instruments. This ensures that the instruments are properly prepared for sterilization and reduces the risk of contamination.
12.
A critical step for healthcare workers in preventing the spread of disease is proper hygiene of one's ____________________ :
Correct Answer
D. Hands
Explanation
A critical step for healthcare workers in preventing the spread of disease is proper hygiene of one's hands. This is because hands are the primary way through which germs and infections are transmitted. Healthcare workers come into contact with various surfaces and patients, making it crucial for them to regularly wash their hands with soap and water or use hand sanitizers to kill any potential pathogens. Proper hand hygiene helps to minimize the risk of spreading infections to both patients and healthcare workers themselves.
13.
The purpose of dental sealants is ______________________ :
Correct Answer
B. To prevent decay in the pits and fissures of teeth
Explanation
Dental sealants are a thin protective coating applied to the chewing surfaces of teeth, particularly in the pits and fissures. These areas are more susceptible to decay as they are difficult to clean properly with brushing alone. By sealing these areas, dental sealants create a barrier that prevents bacteria and food particles from getting trapped and causing decay. This helps to protect the teeth and prevent cavities from forming in these vulnerable areas.
14.
Elevating the patient's feet above the head to increase blood flow to the brain is the response to what medical condition?
Correct Answer
B. Syncope
Explanation
Elevating the patient's feet above the head to increase blood flow to the brain is the response to syncope. Syncope, also known as fainting, is a temporary loss of consciousness caused by a lack of blood flow to the brain. Elevating the feet helps to redirect blood flow to the brain and prevent further episodes of syncope.
15.
Angle's classifications are used to classify and describe ________________________ :
Correct Answer
C. Malocclusion
Explanation
Angle's classifications are used to classify and describe malocclusion. Malocclusion refers to the misalignment or incorrect positioning of the teeth when the jaws are closed. Angle's classifications help in categorizing malocclusions based on the relationship between the upper and lower jaws, as well as the position of individual teeth. This classification system is commonly used by orthodontists to diagnose and plan treatment for malocclusion.
16.
The portion of a dental instrument held by the operator is called the _______________ :
Correct Answer
D. Handle
Explanation
The portion of a dental instrument held by the operator is called the handle. This is the part that the operator grips and controls while performing dental procedures. The handle provides the operator with the necessary leverage and control to maneuver the instrument effectively. It is usually designed to be ergonomic and comfortable to hold, allowing for precise movements and reducing hand fatigue during prolonged use. The handle is an essential component of a dental instrument as it directly influences the operator's ability to perform procedures accurately and efficiently.
17.
Which of the following describes the best way to remain approachable to an anxious patient?
Correct Answer
B. Encourage questions
Explanation
Encouraging questions is the best way to remain approachable to an anxious patient because it allows the patient to express their concerns and seek clarification. By actively encouraging questions, the healthcare provider creates a safe and supportive environment where the patient feels empowered to voice their anxieties and receive the necessary information and reassurance. This approach helps to build trust and rapport between the patient and the healthcare provider, ultimately leading to better communication and patient satisfaction.
18.
The patient record is a permanent document of whom?
Correct Answer
A. the dentist
Explanation
The patient record is a permanent document of the dentist. This means that the dentist is responsible for keeping and maintaining the patient's record, which includes all relevant information about the patient's dental history, treatments, and any other relevant details. The record serves as a reference for the dentist to provide appropriate and personalized care to the patient, and it may also be used for legal purposes if required.
19.
The dental history portion of a patient provides the dental team with information regarding what information?
Correct Answer
A. Previous dental care and treatment
Explanation
The dental history portion of a patient provides the dental team with information regarding previous dental care and treatment. This includes details about any dental procedures the patient has undergone in the past, such as fillings, extractions, or cleanings, as well as any oral health issues or concerns they may have experienced. Understanding the patient's dental history helps the dental team tailor their treatment plan to meet the patient's individual needs and provide appropriate care.
20.
Which of the following products contains calcium hydroxide?
Correct Answer
A. Dycal
Explanation
Dycal is the correct answer because it is a dental product that contains calcium hydroxide. Calcium hydroxide is commonly used in dental procedures as a liner or base material due to its antimicrobial and biocompatible properties. It helps in promoting the formation of dentin and protects the pulp from any irritants. ZPC, ZOE, and Polycarboxylate do not contain calcium hydroxide.
21.
What type of mechanical device is used to clean contaminated instruments prior to sterilization?
Correct Answer
B. Ultrasonic
Explanation
Ultrasonic devices are used to clean contaminated instruments prior to sterilization. These devices use high-frequency sound waves to create microscopic bubbles in a cleaning solution. The bubbles collapse rapidly, creating a scrubbing action that removes dirt, debris, and contaminants from the instruments. This method is highly effective in removing even the smallest particles from the instruments, ensuring that they are thoroughly cleaned before undergoing sterilization.
22.
While cleaning contaminated instruments, an assistant receives a percutaneous injury to the finger. The assistant should FIRST _______________________________ :
Correct Answer
B. Wash hands with soap and water
Explanation
The assistant should FIRST wash their hands with soap and water after receiving a percutaneous injury to the finger. This is important to prevent the spread of any potential contaminants and to reduce the risk of infection.
23.
Why are pits and fissures susceptible to caries?
Correct Answer
E. Both B and D are correct
Explanation
Pits and fissures are susceptible to caries because fluoride is less effective in these areas and they are difficult to clean. The uneven surfaces of pits and fissures make it challenging to remove plaque and food debris, allowing bacteria to thrive and produce acids that can lead to tooth decay. Additionally, the deep grooves can trap bacteria and make it harder for fluoride to reach and protect the enamel, making these areas more prone to caries.
24.
Clinical considerations for patients with bronchial asthma should include _________________________ :
Correct Answer
B. Shorter appointments to reduce stress
Explanation
Patients with bronchial asthma often experience difficulty breathing and may have increased anxiety and stress during medical appointments. Shorter appointments can help reduce stress levels, as prolonged appointments may exacerbate symptoms and lead to increased respiratory distress. By keeping appointments concise and efficient, healthcare providers can help alleviate patient anxiety and improve overall patient comfort during the visit. This can contribute to better management of asthma symptoms and improved patient outcomes.
25.
Spreaders and pluggers are used in the :
Correct Answer
B. Obturation of a root canal
Explanation
Spreaders and pluggers are used in the obturation of a root canal. During root canal treatment, the infected pulp is removed from the tooth and the root canal is cleaned and shaped. After cleaning, the root canal is filled with a material called gutta-percha to seal it and prevent reinfection. Spreaders are used to compact the gutta-percha into the root canal, while pluggers are used to condense it further and create a tight seal. This ensures that the root canal is completely filled and sealed, promoting successful healing and preventing further infection.
26.
What instrument is ideal for carving occlusal amalgams?
Correct Answer
C. Discoid-cleoid carver
Explanation
The discoid-cleoid carver is ideal for carving occlusal amalgams because it has a disc-shaped end for carving and shaping the occlusal surface of the amalgam, and a cleoid-shaped end for carving and shaping the interproximal areas. This instrument allows for precise and efficient carving of the amalgam material, resulting in a smooth and well-contoured restoration. The other options, such as the burnisher and beavertail burnisher, are not specifically designed for carving amalgams, while the half-hollenback carver is more commonly used for carving interproximal areas.
27.
According to California regulations, who is legally allowed to place a base during a restoration procedure?
Correct Answer
D. Both A and B are correct
Explanation
According to California regulations, both dentists and Registered Dental Assistants (RDAs) are legally allowed to place a base during a restoration procedure. This means that either a dentist or an RDA can perform this task within the scope of their professional responsibilities.
28.
According to the Dental Board regulations, what is the proper method for decontaminating impressions before sending them to the laboratory?
Correct Answer
A. Clean and disinfect using an intermediate level disinfectant
Explanation
The proper method for decontaminating impressions before sending them to the laboratory is to clean and disinfect them using an intermediate level disinfectant. This ensures that any potential pathogens or contaminants are effectively removed, reducing the risk of cross-contamination and ensuring the safety of both the dental staff and the laboratory technicians who will be handling the impressions.
29.
A single-use item reduces the risk of disease transmission because it is:
Correct Answer
D. Discarded and not reused
Explanation
A single-use item reduces the risk of disease transmission because it is discarded and not reused. This means that after it has been used once, it is thrown away and not used again. By doing so, any potential pathogens or contaminants that may be present on the item are eliminated, reducing the risk of spreading diseases.
30.
Are sealants the only preventative measure used?
Correct Answer
B. No
Explanation
Sealants are not the only preventative measure used. While sealants are a common preventative measure used to protect teeth from decay, there are other measures as well. These can include regular brushing and flossing, using fluoride toothpaste, having a balanced diet, and visiting the dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings. These measures together help maintain oral health and prevent dental issues.
31.
What are the ways for sealant materials to harden?
Correct Answer
D. All the above
Explanation
Sealant materials can harden through polymerization, which is a chemical reaction that forms a solid network of polymers. They can also harden through light-cure, which involves using a light source to initiate a chemical reaction that leads to hardening. Additionally, sealant materials can harden through self-cure, which means they harden on their own without the need for external factors like light or heat. Therefore, all of the options mentioned (a. polymerization, b. light-cure, c. self-cure) are ways for sealant materials to harden.
32.
A patient with which of the following medical conditions may benefit from prophylactic sublingual nitroglycerin?
Correct Answer
C. Cardiovascular disorders
Explanation
Patients with cardiovascular disorders, such as angina or coronary artery disease, may benefit from prophylactic sublingual nitroglycerin. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that helps to relax and widen blood vessels, improving blood flow and reducing the workload on the heart. This can help to prevent or relieve chest pain (angina) in patients with cardiovascular disorders.
33.
Which of the following is one of the signs of anaphylactic shock?
Correct Answer
B. Respiratory distress
Explanation
One of the signs of anaphylactic shock is respiratory distress. This means that the person may experience difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, wheezing, or a tight feeling in the chest. Anaphylactic shock is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening, and respiratory distress is a common symptom of this condition. It is important to seek immediate medical attention if someone is experiencing respiratory distress during an allergic reaction.
34.
To prevent alveolitis after a tooth extraction, the patient should be instructed to:
Correct Answer
D. Avoid drinking through a straw
Explanation
After a tooth extraction, the patient should avoid drinking through a straw to prevent alveolitis. When drinking through a straw, the suction created can dislodge the blood clot that forms in the socket, which is necessary for proper healing. Dislodging the blood clot can lead to a condition called alveolitis, which is characterized by severe pain and delayed healing. Therefore, it is important for the patient to avoid drinking through a straw to minimize the risk of developing alveolitis.
35.
The dental specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of disease of supporting tissues is : _______________________________
Correct Answer
D. Periodontics
Explanation
Periodontics is the dental specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases that affect the supporting structures of the teeth, such as the gums, bones, and ligaments. This specialty deals with conditions like gum disease, periodontal infections, and the placement of dental implants. Endodontics, on the other hand, deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the dental pulp, while pediatrics focuses on dental care for children, and orthodontics deals with the correction of misaligned teeth and jaws. Therefore, the correct answer is d. periodontics.
36.
The dental unit provides necessary electricity and hoses with air and water to the patient chair and the _____________________ delivery system is positioned behind the patient's head
Correct Answer
B. Rear
Explanation
The dental unit provides electricity and hoses with air and water to the patient chair, and the delivery system is positioned behind the patient's head. The word "rear" indicates the back or the opposite side of the front. Therefore, option b. rear is the correct answer as it accurately describes the position of the delivery system.
37.
Which instrument is used to place and remove elastic ties and remove orthodontic separators?
Correct Answer
D. Orthodontic scaler
Explanation
An orthodontic scaler is a tool used in orthodontics to remove elastic ties and orthodontic separators. It is specifically designed for this purpose and has a thin, pointed tip that allows for precise placement and removal of these materials. Elastic separating pliers are used for a different purpose, which is to place and remove elastic separators. Wax spatulas and scalpels are not typically used for these tasks in orthodontics. Therefore, the correct answer is d. orthodontic scaler.
38.
What is a temporary sedative dressing or a direct provisional restoration?
Correct Answer
C. A temporary filling
Explanation
A temporary sedative dressing or a direct provisional restoration refers to a temporary filling. This is a temporary material that is placed in a tooth to provide protection and relief until a permanent restoration can be placed. It is used to cover and protect the exposed dentin and pulp of a tooth, providing temporary relief from pain or sensitivity. This temporary filling is not meant to be a permanent solution and will eventually need to be replaced with a more permanent restoration, such as a crown or filling.
39.
According to California regulations, who is legally allowed to place a liner during a restorative procedure?
Correct Answer
D. Both A and B are correct
Explanation
According to California regulations, both dentists and Registered Dental Assistants (RDAs) are legally allowed to place a liner during a restorative procedure. This means that both professionals have the necessary training and qualifications to perform this task within the scope of their practice.
40.
Which set of precautions is intended to prevent exposure to all body fluids?
Correct Answer
C. Standard
Explanation
Standard precautions are a set of infection control practices that are used to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases. These precautions are intended to be applied to all patients, regardless of their diagnosis or presumed infection status. They include measures such as hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment (such as gloves, masks, and gowns), safe injection practices, and safe handling and disposal of sharps. By following standard precautions, healthcare workers can protect themselves and others from exposure to all body fluids and minimize the risk of infection transmission.
41.
The majority of the spray produced by dental hand pieces consists of ___________________________ :
Correct Answer
C. Saliva
Explanation
The majority of the spray produced by dental hand pieces consists of saliva. Dental hand pieces are used during dental procedures to remove decayed or damaged tooth structure. This process generates a spray that contains saliva, water, and other particles from the oral cavity. Saliva is the main component of this spray, as it is constantly present in the mouth and is aerosolized during dental procedures.
42.
According to OSHA, which infection control measure is considered the most critical for reducing the transmission of microbes in the healthcare setting?
Correct Answer
C. Hand washing
Explanation
Hand washing is considered the most critical infection control measure for reducing the transmission of microbes in the healthcare setting because it helps to remove dirt, germs, and bacteria from the hands. Proper hand hygiene can prevent the spread of infections, including healthcare-associated infections, by breaking the chain of transmission. Hand washing with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand sanitizers can effectively kill or remove most types of germs on the hands, reducing the risk of spreading infections to patients, healthcare workers, and others in the healthcare setting.
43.
A used dental anesthetic needle is an example of _________________________ :
Correct Answer
D. Regulated waste
Explanation
A used dental anesthetic needle is considered regulated waste because it is potentially infectious and poses a risk to public health. Regulated waste refers to any waste that requires special handling, treatment, and disposal methods due to its potential to spread infection or cause harm.
44.
Why is clear sealant material less desirable?
Correct Answer
B. It is more difficult to evaluate
Explanation
Clear sealant material is less desirable because it is more difficult to evaluate. This means that it is harder for dentists to assess the effectiveness of the sealant and determine if it is properly applied and providing adequate protection to the tooth. This can lead to potential issues such as the sealant not fully adhering to the tooth surface or not providing sufficient coverage, which could result in a higher risk of tooth decay.
45.
What is the difference between filled and unfilled sealants regarding retention rates?
Correct Answer
A. No difference
Explanation
The correct answer is a. no difference. This means that there is no difference in the retention rates between filled and unfilled sealants. Both types of sealants have similar rates of retention.
46.
If a blood pressure reading of 142/96 is obtained on an adult, it is classified as _________________________ :
Correct Answer
C. Hypertension
Explanation
A blood pressure reading of 142/96 is classified as hypertension. Hypertension is a condition where the blood pressure in the arteries is consistently elevated, putting strain on the heart and blood vessels. A reading of 142/96 indicates that both the systolic (top number) and diastolic (bottom number) pressures are above the normal range, which is typically around 120/80. This higher reading suggests that the individual may have high blood pressure and should consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation and management.
47.
What is the ratio of breaths to compressions for an adult victim when CPR is performed?
Correct Answer
C. 2 breaths/30 compressions
Explanation
The correct answer is c. 2 breaths/30 compressions. During CPR for an adult victim, the ratio of breaths to compressions is 2 breaths for every 30 compressions. This ratio ensures that there is adequate oxygenation of the victim's lungs while maintaining effective chest compressions to circulate blood.
48.
A surgical dressing that is applied to the surgical site for protection is called a _________________________ :
Correct Answer
C. Periodontal dressing
Explanation
A surgical dressing that is applied to the surgical site for protection is called a periodontal dressing. This type of dressing is used specifically in periodontal procedures to protect the surgical site and promote healing. It helps to prevent infection, control bleeding, and provide support to the tissues during the healing process.
49.
When a person occludes, and mandibular anterior teeth cannot be seen, the diagnosis is:
Correct Answer
D. Overbite
Explanation
When a person occludes and the mandibular anterior teeth cannot be seen, the diagnosis is overbite. Overbite refers to the vertical overlap of the maxillary (upper) and mandibular (lower) teeth when the jaw is closed. In an overbite, the upper front teeth cover a significant portion of the lower front teeth, causing them to be hidden from view. This can occur due to various factors such as genetics, tooth alignment, or jaw structure.
50.
What type of radiograph is most commonly exposed in endodontics?
Correct Answer
A. Periapical
Explanation
Periapical radiographs are the most commonly exposed radiographs in endodontics. These radiographs capture the entire tooth, from the crown to the apex, and the surrounding bone. They are used to diagnose and monitor the progress of endodontic treatment, as well as to identify any periapical pathology or abnormalities. Periapical radiographs provide detailed information about the root canal system and the surrounding structures, making them an essential tool in endodontic procedures.