NCLEX Pharmacology Quiz 17 Cardiovascular Drugs
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All questions are shown, but the results will only be given after you’ve finished the quiz. You are given 1 minute per question, a total of 10 minutes in this quiz.
- 1.
Raymund is reviewing on cardiovascular drugs for his upcoming exam. For a well-prepared student. he should know that vasodilators are agents that:
- A.
Relax smooth muscles
- B.
Are used to treat hypotension
- C.
Stimulate the adrenergic receptors of peripheral sympathetic nerves
- D.
Cause respiratory depression
Correct Answer
A. Relax smooth musclesExplanation
Vasodilators relax smooth muscle. They are used to treat hypertension. not hypotension. Stimulating the adrenergic receptors of peripheral sympathetic nerves causes blood vessels to contract. Choice D is not an action of vasodilators.Rate this question:
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- 2.
As a competent nurse. you are aware that vasodilators are used mainly to treat:
- A.
Diabetes
- B.
Hypertension
- C.
Atrial fibrillation
- D.
Hypotension
Correct Answer
B. HypertensionExplanation
Vasodilators are used to treat hypertension. They are not used to treat diabetes. Atrial fibrillation is not treated with vasodilators. Vasodilators are not used to treat hypotension.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The drug/drugs used most commonly to treat peripheral or cerebral vascular obstructive disease is/are:
- A.
Pentoxifylline (Trental)
- B.
Cyclandelate (Cyclan)
- C.
Isoxsuprine (Vasodilan)
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
All are vasodilators used primarily to treat peripheral or cerebral vascular obstructive disease.Rate this question:
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- 4.
In a 50-year-old widower who had a transient ischemic attack. what is the most common vasodilator used for his treatment?
- A.
Norepinephrine
- B.
Dopamine (Intropin)
- C.
Papaverine (Pavabid)
- D.
Nitroprusside (Nitropress)
Correct Answer
D. Nitroprusside (Nitropress)Explanation
Nitroprusside (Nitropress) is used in this situation. A and B are sympathomimetics used to treat hypotension. Papaverine is contraindicated in myocardial depressant states.Rate this question:
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- 5.
For a client taking drugs to treat peripheral vascular disease. it is important to provide health education about:
- A.
Smoking cessation
- B.
Developing a proper balance between rest and activity
- C.
Proper foot care
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
An important component in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease is health education on preventing further injury to ischemic tissues. Medication therapy is only one aspect.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A clinical instructor asks a nursing student about aldosterone antagonist. The student is correct by saying that aldosterone antagonists:
- A.
Create an osmotic gradient
- B.
Inhibit the exchange of sodium for potassium
- C.
Cause metabolic acidosis
- D.
Work poorly in the presence of endogenous aldosterone
Correct Answer
B. Inhibit the exchange of sodium for potassiumExplanation
Aldosterone antagonists compete with endogenous aldosterone and prevent sodium reabsorption in exchange for potassium elimination. Aldosterone antagonists work on inhibiting the action of aldosterone rather than creating an osmotic gradient. Aldosterone antagonist do not cause metabolic acidosis. Aldosterone antagonists must work in the presence of endogenous aldosterone.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following is a potential side effect of IV furosemide (Lasix)?
- A.
Drowsiness
- B.
Diarrhea
- C.
Cystitis
- D.
Hearing loss
Correct Answer
D. Hearing lossExplanation
Patients receiving large doses of loop diuretics are at risk for developing ototoxicity.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A 68-year-old client with a history of mild CHF and glaucoma is receiving IV mannitol (Osmitrol) to decrease intraocular pressure. The nurse would monitor the client for signs and symptoms of:
- A.
Fluid volume excess
- B.
Fluid volume deficit
- C.
Hyperkalemia
- D.
Hypernatremia
Correct Answer
A. Fluid volume excessExplanation
Mannitol‘s osmotic effect extends to the bloodstream. where increased osmotic pressure draws fluid into the vascular space. thus elevating intravascular volume.Rate this question:
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- 9.
All potassium-sparing diuretics:
- A.
Are required supplements during blood transfusion
- B.
Enhance aldosterone action
- C.
Cause hypokalemia
- D.
Are weak diuretics
Correct Answer
D. Are weak diureticsExplanation
Potassium-sparing diuretics are not potent diuretics when used alone. They are used as adjunctive therapy with other diuretics to minimize potassium loss. Potassium-sparing diuretics given during blood transfusions tend to cause hyperkalemia because potassium is present in the transfusion. These drugs block aldosterone’s effects. These drugs cause hyperkalemia. not hypokalemia.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following clients is most likely to experience adverse effects from treatment with diuretics?
- A.
A 21-year-old student
- B.
A 40-year-old unmarried man
- C.
A 60-year-old widower
- D.
A 75-year-old man
Correct Answer
D. A 75-year-old manExplanation
Elderly clients are more sensitive to the effects of diuretics.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Aug 08, 2017Quiz Created by
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