Stress And Health Psychology MCQ Quiz Questions

Coronary heart disease is the number one health killer among Americans because it refers to the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart. This condition can lead to heart attacks and other cardiovascular complications, resulting in a high mortality rate. It is a major public health concern and is often caused by factors such as poor diet, lack of physical activity, smoking, and high blood pressure. Early detection, lifestyle changes, and appropriate medical interventions are crucial in managing and preventing coronary heart disease.

The correct answer is "life changes" because the sentence is comparing the difficulty of a parent's demise for an adolescent to the difficulty of a spouse's death for an adult. Both events are major life changes that can have a significant impact on an individual's emotional well-being and overall life circumstances.

During the alarm stage of Hans Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome, the sympathetic nervous system is activated. This stage occurs when the body first recognizes a stressor and initiates the "fight or flight" response. The sympathetic nervous system releases stress hormones such as adrenaline, which increase heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness, preparing the body to respond to the stressor. This activation of the sympathetic nervous system helps to mobilize the body's resources and prepare it for action in the face of a perceived threat.

Type A personalities are at a major risk for coronary heart disease. This is because Type A individuals tend to be more competitive, ambitious, and time-conscious, which can lead to high levels of stress. Chronic stress is a known risk factor for coronary heart disease, as it can contribute to the development of hypertension and inflammation in the body. Additionally, Type A individuals may engage in unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor dietary habits, further increasing their risk for heart disease.

John's goal of helping people overcome stress and live healthier lives aligns with the field of Health psychology. Health psychology focuses on understanding how psychological factors influence physical health and well-being, and aims to promote healthy behaviors and improve overall health outcomes.

Jimmy is experiencing an approach-approach conflict because he is torn between two desirable options, which are choosing between two girls to go to prom with. In an approach-approach conflict, a person is faced with two or more attractive choices and has difficulty deciding between them.

Acute stress activates the sympathetic nervous system, which triggers the body's fight-or-flight response. This response prepares the body to respond to a perceived threat by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and releasing stress hormones such as adrenaline. Prolonged stress, on the other hand, leads to activation of the endocrine system. This system releases stress hormones such as cortisol, which can have long-term effects on the body if stress is not properly managed. Therefore, the correct answer is sympathetic nervous; endocrine.

Jimmy's decision to avoid the students who have picked on him in the past by not walking through the same way to school indicates that he is using a problem-focused strategy. Instead of simply avoiding the situation or letting his emotions dictate his actions (emotion-focused), Jimmy is actively trying to address the problem by changing his route to school. This approach shows that he is focused on finding a solution to the issue he is facing.

Corticosteroids are hormones released by the body in response to stress. While they can be helpful in the short term, prolonged release of corticosteroids can actually suppress the immune system. This means that the body's ability to respond to stress and fight off infections or diseases is decreased. Therefore, the release of corticosteroids decreases the effectiveness of the immune system in responding to prolonged stress.

During periods of prolonged stress, the hypothalamus triggers the release of hormones from the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus sends signals to the pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which then stimulates the adrenal gland to release stress hormones such as cortisol. These hormones help the body cope with the stress by increasing blood pressure, suppressing the immune system, and providing a burst of energy. Therefore, the pituitary gland is responsible for initiating the stress response in the body.

In response to acute or sudden stress, the adrenal medulla releases catecholamines, which include epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) and norepinephrine. These neurotransmitters circulate in the brain to help regulate the stress response. At the same time, the hormones adrenaline (also known as epinephrine) and noradrenaline (also known as norepinephrine) are released and circulate throughout the body to prepare it for the stress response.

During times of acute stress, the adrenal medulla releases catecholamines. Catecholamines are a group of hormones that include adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine). These hormones play a crucial role in the body's "fight or flight" response, increasing heart rate and respiration to prepare the body for immediate action.