(1.) Physics Hl/Sl. Physical Measurement And Kinetics
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Quiz on physics sections 1 and 2, focusing on definitions. Don't screw up the definition questions! You get free points if you just learn them.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
A derived unit is a unit derived from the combination of [...] units
Explanation
A derived unit is a unit that is formed by combining fundamental units. Fundamental units are the basic units of measurement that cannot be expressed in terms of other units. Therefore, a derived unit is derived from these fundamental units by mathematical operations such as multiplication, division, or exponentiation.Rate this question:
- 2.
An accurate experiment is one that has a small [...] error
- A.
Percentage
- B.
Systematic
- C.
Random
Correct Answer
B. SystematicExplanation
An accurate experiment is one that has a small systematic error. Systematic errors occur when there is a consistent bias or flaw in the measurement or experimental setup that affects the results in the same way each time. These errors can be caused by equipment calibration issues, environmental factors, or procedural mistakes. Minimizing systematic errors is important in order to obtain reliable and precise results in an experiment.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A graph is extended in order for an intercept to be found. This process is known as ...
- A.
Integration
- B.
Interpolation
- C.
Extrapolation
Correct Answer
C. ExtrapolationExplanation
Extrapolation is the process of extending a graph beyond the given data points in order to estimate values outside the range of the data. In this case, the graph is being extended to find an intercept, which means determining the point where the graph crosses the x or y-axis. Therefore, the correct answer is extrapolation.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The process of assuming that the trend line applies between two points is known as [...]
Correct Answer
interpolationExplanation
Interpolation is the process of estimating values between two known points on a trend line. It involves assuming that the trend observed in the given data continues smoothly between the known points. By using interpolation, we can make predictions or fill in missing data points within a range. It is a useful technique in various fields such as mathematics, statistics, and data analysis.Rate this question:
- 5.
Displacement (as a kinematic concept) can be defined as "the distance moved in a particular direction"
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Displacement is a kinematic concept that measures the change in position of an object in a particular direction. It takes into account both the distance traveled and the direction of movement. Therefore, the statement that displacement is "the distance moved in a particular direction" is correct.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Velocity is the rate of change of [...]
Correct Answer
displacementExplanation
Velocity is the rate at which an object changes its position in a specific direction. Displacement refers to the change in position of an object from its initial position to its final position, taking into account both the distance and direction. Therefore, velocity is directly related to displacement as it measures the change in position over time, indicating the object's speed and direction of movement.Rate this question:
- 7.
Speed is the rate of change of [...]
Correct Answer
distanceExplanation
Speed is the rate of change of distance. This means that speed is a measure of how quickly an object is covering a certain amount of distance. It is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time it takes to cover that distance. Therefore, the correct answer is "distance" because speed is directly related to the distance traveled by an object.Rate this question:
- 8.
Acceleration is the rate of change of [...]
Correct Answer
velocityExplanation
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity that represents the rate at which an object changes its position. Therefore, acceleration measures how quickly an object's velocity changes over time. It can be positive, negative, or zero, depending on whether the object is speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining a constant velocity.Rate this question:
- 9.
Out of the concepts just defined (displacement, velocity, speed, and acceleration), two are scalars and two are vectors.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Only speed is a scalarRate this question:
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- 10.
The [...] velocity of an object is its velocity at a specific instant of time
- A.
Average
- B.
Constant
- C.
Terminal
- D.
Instantaneous
Correct Answer
D. InstantaneousExplanation
The instantaneous velocity of an object refers to its velocity at a specific instant of time. Unlike average velocity, which is calculated over a certain time interval, instantaneous velocity provides information about the object's velocity at a precise moment. It can be determined by calculating the derivative of the object's position with respect to time.Rate this question:
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- 11.
An object is in a uniform gravitational field, accelerating vertically. Air resistance may be neglected. The object is thus in [...]
Correct Answer
free fall
free-fallExplanation
The object is in free fall because it is accelerating vertically under the influence of gravity alone, and air resistance is not considered. In free fall, the object experiences only the force of gravity, causing it to accelerate downwards at a constant rate. This is different from other forms of motion where external forces may be present.Rate this question:
- 12.
A free-falling object has a net force on it that is equal to zero. The downward force of gravity has come to equal the upward force of drag. What has the object achieved?
- A.
Constant acceleration
- B.
Terminal velocity
- C.
Strobe photography
Correct Answer
B. Terminal velocityExplanation
When a free-falling object reaches terminal velocity, it means that the net force acting on the object is zero. This occurs when the downward force of gravity is balanced by the upward force of drag. At this point, the object no longer accelerates and instead falls at a constant speed. This speed is called the terminal velocity, and it is the maximum speed that the object can reach while falling through a fluid, such as air or water. Therefore, the correct answer is terminal velocity.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The origin of all everyday forces is either gravitational or [...]
Correct Answer
electromagneticExplanation
Everyday forces can be categorized into two main types: gravitational forces and electromagnetic forces. Gravitational forces are responsible for the attraction between objects with mass, such as the force that keeps us grounded on the Earth. On the other hand, electromagnetic forces are responsible for a wide range of everyday phenomena, including the interactions between charged particles, the forces that hold atoms and molecules together, and even the forces behind friction and tension. Therefore, the correct answer is electromagnetic, as it encompasses a broader range of everyday forces.Rate this question:
- 14.
Up to an elastic limit, the extension, x, of a spring is proportional to the tension force, F. Who's the guy behind this law?
- A.
Newton
- B.
Rutherford
- C.
Peter Stråe
- D.
Hooke
Correct Answer
D. HookeExplanation
Hooke's Law states that the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied to it, up to a certain limit. This means that as the tension force increases, the extension of the spring also increases. This law was formulated by Robert Hooke, hence he is the guy behind this law.Rate this question:
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- 15.
If the resultant force on an object is zero, then it is said to be in [...]
Correct Answer
translational equilibriumExplanation
When the resultant force on an object is zero, it means that all the forces acting on the object are balanced and cancel each other out. This state is known as translational equilibrium. In this state, the object will not accelerate and will remain at rest or continue to move at a constant velocity. This is because the net force acting on the object is zero, indicating that there is no unbalanced force to cause a change in its motion.Rate this question:
- 16.
Correct statement of Newton's second law: The resultant force is proportional to the rate of change of [...]
Correct Answer
momentumExplanation
Newton's second law states that the resultant force acting on an object is directly proportional to the rate of change of its momentum. Momentum is the product of an object's mass and its velocity, and it represents the quantity of motion possessed by the object. Therefore, the correct statement of Newton's second law is that the resultant force is proportional to the rate of change of momentum.Rate this question:
- 17.
"The force that opposes the relative motion of two surfaces and acts along the surfaces" Which force is being defined?
- A.
Tension
- B.
Friction
- C.
Compression
- D.
Lift
Correct Answer
B. FrictionExplanation
Friction is the force that opposes the relative motion of two surfaces and acts along the surfaces. It is the resistance encountered when one object slides or tries to slide over another. Friction is caused by the roughness of the surfaces in contact and the interlocking of irregularities. It can be both beneficial and detrimental, depending on the situation.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Air resistance and drag are frictional forces
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Air resistance and drag are frictional forces because they both act to oppose the motion of an object through a fluid medium, such as air or water. Air resistance is the force that acts on an object moving through the air, while drag is the force that opposes the motion of an object through a fluid. Both forces are caused by the interaction between the object and the molecules of the fluid, resulting in a frictional force that slows down the object's motion. Therefore, it is true that air resistance and drag are frictional forces.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The opposite of the tension force is the [...] force.
Correct Answer
compressionExplanation
When an object is subjected to a tension force, it is being pulled apart or stretched. The opposite of this force would be a force that pushes or squeezes the object together. This force is known as compression. Compression occurs when an object is being pressed or compacted, causing it to decrease in size. Therefore, compression is the opposite of tension force.Rate this question:
- 20.
Graviational force is the force between objects as a result of their ...
- A.
Inertia
- B.
Momentum
- C.
Weights
- D.
Masses
Correct Answer
D. MassesExplanation
The gravitational force between objects is determined by their masses. The greater the mass of an object, the stronger its gravitational force. This is because mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, and gravitational force is the attraction between the masses of two objects. Therefore, the correct answer is "masses".Rate this question:
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- 21.
The amount of matter contained in an object is the object's [...]
Correct Answer
massExplanation
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter present in an object. It represents the total number of atoms and molecules that make up the object. Mass is a fundamental property of matter and is independent of the object's location or the gravitational force acting on it. It is commonly measured in units such as grams or kilograms.Rate this question:
- 22.
The impulse can be defined as ...
- A.
The change in kinetic energy
- B.
The result of an inelastic collision
- C.
The change of momentum
- D.
The change of weight
Correct Answer
C. The change of momentumExplanation
The impulse can be defined as the change of momentum. Momentum is a vector quantity that depends on both the mass and velocity of an object. When an object experiences a change in momentum, it means that either its mass or velocity or both have changed. Therefore, the correct answer is "The change of momentum".Rate this question:
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- 23.
A collision in which no mechanical energy is lost is known as [...]
Correct Answer
elasticExplanation
An elastic collision is a collision in which no mechanical energy is lost. This means that the total kinetic energy before the collision is equal to the total kinetic energy after the collision. In an elastic collision, the objects involved bounce off each other without any deformation or loss of energy. This is different from an inelastic collision, where some mechanical energy is lost and the objects may deform or stick together.Rate this question:
- 24.
Momentum is conserved in a totally inelastic collision
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
In a totally inelastic collision, the two objects stick together and move as one after the collision. This means that their combined momentum before the collision is equal to their combined momentum after the collision. Therefore, momentum is conserved in a totally inelastic collision.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Kinetic energy is conserved in an inelastic collision
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
In an inelastic collision, kinetic energy is not conserved. This is because some of the kinetic energy is transformed into other forms of energy, such as heat or sound, during the collision. Therefore, the statement that kinetic energy is conserved in an inelastic collision is false.Rate this question:
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- 26.
What kind of quantity is work?
- A.
Scalar
- B.
Vector
Correct Answer
A. ScalarExplanation
Work is a scalar quantity because it only requires magnitude to be defined, not direction. Scalar quantities are described by a single value, such as mass or temperature, and do not have a direction associated with them. In the case of work, it is determined by the magnitude of the force applied to an object and the displacement of the object in the direction of the force. The direction of the force does not affect the value of work, making it a scalar quantity.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which of the following does not work well as a definition of the principle of conservation of energy.
- A.
Overall the total energy of any closed system must be constant
- B.
Energy is neither created nor destroyed, it just changes form
- C.
There is no change in the total energy in the Universe
- D.
Energy can only change form or be transferred from one object to another
Correct Answer
D. Energy can only change form or be transferred from one object to anotherExplanation
The principle of conservation of energy states that the total energy of a closed system remains constant. This means that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed from one form to another or transferred between objects. The statement "Energy can only change form or be transferred from one object to another" is consistent with the principle of conservation of energy, so it does not work well as a definition of the principle.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Power can be defined as "the rate at which [...] is done"
Correct Answer
workExplanation
Power can be defined as "the rate at which work is done." This means that power measures how quickly work is being done or the amount of work done per unit of time. It quantifies the amount of energy transferred or converted per unit of time, indicating the efficiency or speed at which work is accomplished.Rate this question:
- 29.
The acceleration of a particle travelling in circular motion is called the "centripetal acceleration"
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because centripetal acceleration is the acceleration experienced by an object moving in a circular path. It is directed towards the center of the circle and is responsible for keeping the object in its circular path. Without centripetal acceleration, the object would move in a straight line tangent to the circle.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The force needed to cause the centripetal acceleration is the [...]
Correct Answer
centripetal forceExplanation
The centripetal force is the force required to keep an object moving in a circular path. It acts towards the center of the circle and is responsible for the centripetal acceleration of the object. Without this force, the object would move in a straight line tangent to the circle. Therefore, the force needed to cause the centripetal acceleration is the centripetal force.Rate this question:
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