2010 CT Registry Review Chapter 1

1.

The normal range of respiration for an adult is?

A.

5-10 breaths per minute
B.

12-20 breaths per minute
C.

20-30 breaths per minute
D.

35-50 breaths per minute

Correct Answer
B. 12-20 breaths per minute

Explanation
The normal range of respiration for an adult is 12-20 breaths per minute. This range is considered normal because it indicates that the individual's respiratory system is functioning properly and efficiently. Breathing within this range ensures that the body is receiving enough oxygen and expelling enough carbon dioxide to maintain proper gas exchange. If the respiration rate falls below or exceeds this range, it may indicate an underlying health issue or respiratory problem.

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2.

Which of the following is a parenteral route of medication administration?

A.

Sublingual
B.

Intramuscular
C.

Transdermal
D.

Oral

Correct Answer
B. Intramuscular

Explanation
The correct answer is intramuscular. Parenteral route refers to the administration of medication directly into the body, bypassing the digestive system. Intramuscular administration involves injecting the medication into a muscle, allowing for rapid absorption and distribution throughout the body. Sublingual administration involves placing medication under the tongue, transdermal administration involves applying medication to the skin, and oral administration involves swallowing medication.

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3.

The preperation for a contrast enhanced ct exam of a patient with prior allergic reaction to iodinated contrast media may include?

A.

Premdedication with steroids and antihistamines
B.

Administration of a negative contrast agent
C.

Increase in fluids for 24 hours before the examination
D.

Refraining from urination for 2 hours before the examination

Correct Answer
A. Premdedication with steroids and antihistamines

Explanation
Patients who have had a prior allergic reaction to iodinated contrast media may be premedicated with steroids and antihistamines before undergoing a contrast-enhanced CT exam. This is done to help prevent or minimize any potential allergic reactions that may occur during the procedure. Steroids help to reduce inflammation and allergic responses, while antihistamines block the effects of histamine, which is released during an allergic reaction. By premedicating with these medications, the patient's risk of experiencing an allergic reaction to the contrast media is reduced.

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4.

A patient in shock may exhibit which of the following symptoms?

A.

Tachycardia
B.

Rapid shallow breathing
C.

Cyanosis
D.

All of the above

Correct Answer
D. All of the above

Explanation
A patient in shock may exhibit all of the above symptoms. Tachycardia, or a rapid heart rate, is a common symptom of shock as the body tries to compensate for decreased blood flow. Rapid shallow breathing is also a characteristic sign of shock as the body tries to increase oxygen intake. Cyanosis, a bluish discoloration of the skin, occurs when there is a lack of oxygen in the blood and can be seen in patients in shock. Therefore, all of these symptoms can be present in a patient experiencing shock.

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5.

Which of the following infection control techniques is required at the site of an intravenous injection of iodinated contrast media?

A.

Contact isolation
B.

Surgical asepsis
C.

Medical asepsis
D.

Enteric precautions

Correct Answer
B. Surgical asepsis

Explanation
Surgical asepsis is required at the site of an intravenous injection of iodinated contrast media to prevent any contamination or infection. Surgical asepsis involves using sterile techniques and maintaining a sterile field to minimize the risk of introducing pathogens into the body. This is important during invasive procedures such as intravenous injections to ensure patient safety and prevent the spread of infections. Contact isolation, medical asepsis, and enteric precautions are not specifically required for this procedure.

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6.

A common site for the intravenous injection of iodinated contrast media is the?

A.

Cephalic vein
B.

Anticubital vein
C.

Basilic vein
D.

All of the above

Correct Answer
D. All of the above

Explanation
The correct answer is "All of the above." All three veins mentioned (cephalic vein, anticubital vein, and basilic vein) are commonly used for intravenous injection of iodinated contrast media. These veins are easily accessible and have a good blood flow, making them suitable for this procedure.

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7.

Which of the following technical factors exhibits a direct effect on patient dose?

A.

Matrix size
B.

Algorithm
C.

Milliampere-seconds (mAs)
D.

Window level

Correct Answer
C. Milliampere-seconds (mAs)

Explanation
Milliampere-seconds (mAs) directly affects patient dose in medical imaging. mAs is a technical factor that controls the amount of radiation exposure during an X-ray or CT scan. Higher mAs values result in increased radiation dose to the patient, while lower mAs values reduce the dose. Therefore, mAs plays a crucial role in balancing the need for image quality and minimizing patient radiation exposure.

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8.

Prior to an intravenous injection of iodinated contrast material, the patient should be questioned regarding? 1. renal function2. allergic history3. cardiac history

A.

1 only
B.

2 only
C.

3 only
D.

1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer
D. 1, 2 and 3

Explanation
Prior to an intravenous injection of iodinated contrast material, it is important to question the patient regarding their renal function, allergic history, and cardiac history. This is because iodinated contrast material can have adverse effects on these systems. It is important to assess renal function to ensure that the patient's kidneys are able to properly excrete the contrast material. Allergic history should be assessed to identify any potential allergies to iodinated contrast material, as this can lead to an allergic reaction. Cardiac history should be evaluated to determine if the patient has any underlying cardiac conditions that may be exacerbated by the administration of contrast material.

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