2013 Emtc Paramedic Competency

The correct answer is all of the above. If the tubing is kinked, it can obstruct the flow of air and cause the patient to become short of breath. If there is a clot obstructing the chest tube, it can also impede the proper drainage of blood and lead to shortness of breath. Additionally, if there is a dependent, fluid-filled loop in the tubing, it can prevent proper drainage and cause respiratory distress. Therefore, all of these factors can contribute to the patient's symptoms.

Ventricular tachycardia is the correct answer because it is a rapid heart rhythm that originates from the ventricles, the lower chambers of the heart. It is characterized by a wide QRS complex on an ECG and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. Other options listed are different types of heart rhythms or conditions, but ventricular tachycardia is the most appropriate choice based on the information given.

Ventricular fibrillation is a life-threatening arrhythmia characterized by rapid, chaotic, and uncoordinated contractions of the ventricles. It is a medical emergency that can lead to cardiac arrest and death if not treated immediately. In ventricular fibrillation, the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, resulting in a loss of consciousness, absence of pulse, and absence of breathing. Immediate defibrillation is required to restore a normal heart rhythm and save the person's life.

The correct answer is "All of the above." This means that all of the interventions/assessments mentioned in the options are indicated for stroke patients receiving alteplase. These interventions include keeping the patient NPO until a dysphagia screen is completed, monitoring vital signs every 15 minutes for the first 2 hours, and performing neuro checks every 15 minutes for the first 2 hours.

A patient with an External Ventricular Drain (EVD) should have the EVD placed at the correct zero reference level to ensure accurate measurement of intracranial pressure. Fluctuation in the tubing indicates proper functioning of the EVD and allows for monitoring of cerebrospinal fluid drainage. All stopcocks should be open to the drain, except during transport, to maintain proper drainage and prevent any obstruction. Therefore, all of the given options are correct for a patient with an EVD.

Sinus bradycardia is a condition where the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, fires at a slower rate than normal, resulting in a slower heart rate. This can be caused by various factors such as medications, increased vagal tone, or underlying medical conditions. In sinus bradycardia, the heart rate is typically less than 60 beats per minute.

Atrial Fibrillation is the correct answer because it is a cardiac arrhythmia characterized by irregular and rapid heartbeats. In atrial fibrillation, the atria of the heart quiver instead of contracting effectively, leading to an irregular and often fast heart rate. This can cause symptoms such as palpitations, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of stroke and other complications. Treatment options include medications, cardioversion, and catheter ablation.

Using a "Bathroom Buggy" when assisting a fall risk patient to the bathroom is necessary for their safety. A "Bathroom Buggy" is a device that provides support and stability to patients while they are using the bathroom. It helps prevent falls and injuries by providing a secure and stable platform for the patient to sit on. Assisting a fall risk patient without the use of a "Bathroom Buggy" can increase the risk of accidents and falls, which can lead to serious injuries. Therefore, it is important to always use a "Bathroom Buggy" when assisting a fall risk patient to the bathroom.

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When cleaning a wound, it is recommended to use at least 250mL of Normal Saline. This amount ensures that the wound is thoroughly cleansed and helps to remove any debris or bacteria that may be present. Using an adequate amount of Normal Saline helps to promote healing and reduce the risk of infection. Therefore, the statement "True" is the correct answer.

A 3rd Degree Heart Block, also known as a complete heart block, is a condition where there is a complete blockage of electrical signals between the atria and ventricles of the heart. This results in the atria and ventricles beating independently of each other. In this condition, the atria may beat at a normal rate, while the ventricles beat at a slower rate. This can cause symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, and shortness of breath. Treatment may involve the use of a pacemaker to regulate the heart's rhythm.

Increasing environmental stimuli is not an appropriate intervention for a patient with an acute brain injury. Acute brain injury can lead to increased sensitivity to sensory stimuli, and excessive environmental stimuli can further aggravate the brain injury and worsen the patient's condition. Therefore, it is important to provide a calm and quiet environment to minimize sensory overload and promote healing.

When transporting a patient with an EVD (External Ventricular Drain), the stopcock should be closed to the collection chamber. This is because during transportation, there is a risk of pressure changes or movements that can cause the drainage system to become disrupted or disconnected. By closing the stopcock to the collection chamber, it helps to prevent any backflow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and maintain the integrity of the drainage system. This ensures that the EVD continues to function properly and reduces the risk of complications for the patient.

Torsades de pointes is a specific type of ventricular tachycardia characterized by a twisting pattern on the electrocardiogram (ECG). It is typically caused by a prolonged QT interval, which can be congenital or acquired due to medications, electrolyte imbalances, or other factors. Torsades de pointes can be life-threatening as it can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation and lead to sudden cardiac arrest. Treatment involves identifying and correcting the underlying cause, as well as interventions to shorten the QT interval and stabilize the heart rhythm.

The given correct answer is "Acute Anterior MI". This refers to an acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) that affects the anterior (front) wall of the heart. This type of heart attack can lead to significant damage to the heart muscle and can cause various cardiac rhythm disturbances, such as ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. It is important to recognize and treat an acute anterior MI promptly to prevent further complications and improve the patient's outcome.

The combination of chilled saline and the Arctic Sun device would be the fastest way to achieve the target temperature in a post cardiac arrest patient. Chilled saline is a method of inducing hypothermia by infusing cold saline solution into the patient's bloodstream. The Arctic Sun device is a specialized medical device that uses cooling pads to lower the patient's body temperature. By using both interventions together, the patient's body temperature can be reduced more rapidly and efficiently compared to using either intervention alone.

Because the injured right ventricle needs adequate filling pressure, and because nitroglycerin vasodilatation can decrease the filling pressure, giving these patients nitroglycerin can cause profound hypotension.

The correct answer is "Paced Rhythm" because in this rhythm, the electrical impulses of the heart are being artificially generated by a pacemaker. This can be identified by the presence of regular and consistent P waves, followed by a QRS complex. Paced rhythms are commonly seen in patients who have a malfunctioning natural pacemaker or have undergone pacemaker implantation.

When a patient reports being a victim of domestic violence, it is important to involve the appropriate professionals who can provide the necessary support and assistance. In this case, notifying the forensic nurse is the correct answer. Forensic nurses are specially trained to collect and document evidence of abuse, provide medical care and support to victims, and work closely with law enforcement and legal authorities. They play a crucial role in assessing and addressing the needs of victims of domestic violence and ensuring their safety and well-being.

Based on the given information, the patient is a 19-year-old female with a gunshot wound to her upper arm and right shoulder. This indicates a severe traumatic injury, which requires immediate medical attention. "Trauma 1" is the correct answer because it signifies the highest level of trauma classification, indicating that the patient needs urgent and specialized care.

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The correct answer includes all the tasks that the individual should perform when working with the Discharge Nurse. They should help with patient care if there are no pending discharges, call for assistance if they fall behind, remove PIV's, take vital signs if not done recently, escort patients to the waiting room if needed, answer patient questions, and document vital signs in Cerner.

The statement is false because it is not necessary to label patient specimens at the printer. The correct procedure is to label the specimens at the patient's bedside or in the presence of the nurse to ensure accuracy. This helps in verifying the patient's name and date of birth with the computerized record and the nurse, reducing the chances of any errors or mix-ups.

Preparing a room for a suicidal patient includes changing the sheet to a paper sheet to minimize the risk of self-harm by using it as a ligature. Changing the patient gown to a paper gown serves the same purpose, as it eliminates the possibility of the patient using it to harm themselves. Ensuring all oxygen tanks are removed from under the cart is important to prevent the patient from accessing them and potentially using them in a harmful manner. Removing any hazards from the room that may cause harm to the patient is crucial for their safety. Always locking the door when the patient is in there, no matter what, is not mentioned as a necessary step in preparing the room for a suicidal patient.

Based on the given information, the patient is experiencing severe abdominal pain with a 10/10 intensity. He has a history of hypertension and is currently taking a diuretic and a beta blocker. Additionally, his vital signs show a low blood pressure of 88/68 and cool, diaphoretic skin. These findings suggest that the patient may be experiencing a medical emergency, possibly related to his cardiovascular system. Therefore, it would be most appropriate to call him a "Medical Alert."