2A651 Volume 5 Ure's

Prior to an engine test cell run, checking the engine and quick engine change (QEC) kit for loose nuts, bolts, wire, tools, or any other material helps eliminate items that could potentially cause Foreign Object Damage (FOD). FOD can be any object or debris that could be ingested by the engine during operation, leading to damage or malfunction. By ensuring that there are no loose items present, the risk of FOD-related issues can be minimized, promoting safety and preventing damage to the engine.

The correct answer is troubleshooting charts. In an A/C power plant and engine intermediate maintenance TO (Technical Order), troubleshooting information is presented in the form of troubleshooting charts. These charts provide a step-by-step guide to diagnose and solve common issues or problems that may arise during maintenance or operation of the power plant and engine. They help technicians identify the root cause of the problem and provide recommended solutions or actions to rectify the issue. By following the troubleshooting charts, technicians can efficiently troubleshoot and resolve any problems that may occur.

Engine monitoring gauges and instruments require a transmitter and indicator to function properly. The transmitter is responsible for converting the physical parameter being measured (such as temperature or pressure) into an electrical signal. This electrical signal is then sent to the indicator, which displays the information to the user. Without both the transmitter and indicator, the gauges and instruments would not be able to accurately measure and display the engine's parameters.

Alumel and chromel are used in the thermocouples of the exhaust gas temperature indicating system. Thermocouples are temperature sensors that work based on the principle of the Seebeck effect, which generates a voltage when two dissimilar metals are joined together. Alumel and chromel are two types of alloys that are commonly used in thermocouples due to their high temperature resistance and stability. Alumel is composed of nickel, aluminum, manganese, and silicon, while chromel is made of nickel and chromium. These alloys are chosen for their ability to withstand the high temperatures and harsh conditions of the exhaust gas environment.

To become an expert troubleshooter, it is important to understand the function of each unit within each system. This knowledge allows troubleshooters to identify and diagnose problems accurately. Without understanding the function of each unit, it would be difficult to effectively troubleshoot and resolve issues. While being a 7-level, having at least 5 years of experience, and attending college courses in troubleshooting techniques may contribute to expertise, understanding the function of each unit within each system is the most essential requirement.

The engine monitoring system is used on most modern jet engines to gather and record engine data. This system allows for real-time monitoring of various parameters such as temperature, pressure, fuel flow, and vibration levels. It helps in identifying any potential issues or abnormalities in the engine's performance and can provide valuable data for maintenance and troubleshooting purposes.

After an occurrence of a specific or unusual condition, a special inspection is conducted by MX personnel. This inspection is different from routine inspections as it focuses on investigating and assessing the specific condition that occurred. It aims to identify any potential issues, determine the cause of the condition, and implement necessary corrective actions. The special inspection helps ensure that any unusual or specific conditions are thoroughly examined and addressed to maintain safety and operational efficiency.

The preflight inspection is a flight preparedness check that is conducted before every flight. It involves a thorough examination of the aircraft to ensure that it is in proper working condition and ready for flight. This inspection includes checking the fuel levels, control surfaces, landing gear, and other essential components. By performing a preflight inspection, pilots can identify any potential issues or malfunctions that could affect the safety and performance of the aircraft during the flight.

Failure of internal parts is not considered a cause of Foreign Object Damage (FOD) because FOD refers specifically to damage caused by foreign objects, such as debris, tools, or wildlife, entering and damaging aircraft engines, systems, or structures. Failure of internal parts, on the other hand, refers to mechanical or structural failures within the aircraft itself, which can result in damage but are not classified as FOD. FOD prevention focuses on reducing the risk of foreign objects entering the aircraft and causing damage.

The term Pt2 refers to the total pressure (T) at station 2 (2), not at flange 2.

The correct answer is "transmitter and a fuel-flow indicator." In the engine fuel-flow indicating system of most jet powered aircraft, a transmitter is used to measure the fuel flow and send this information to a fuel-flow indicator. This allows the pilot or operator to monitor the fuel consumption and ensure that the engine is receiving an adequate supply of fuel. The float valve and control valve options are not correct as they are not typically part of the fuel-flow indicating system.

After running an engine in augmentation in the hush house, the augmentor tube is cooled by running the engine at idle for a period of 3 minutes. This cooling process is necessary to prevent overheating and damage to the augmentor tube. Running the engine at idle allows for a gradual decrease in temperature and ensures that the tube is adequately cooled before shutting down the engine completely. A shorter cooling period may not be sufficient to cool down the augmentor tube, while a longer period may be unnecessary and inefficient.

Service inspections are conducted on the test cell daily. This suggests that the test cell requires regular maintenance and checks to ensure its proper functioning. Conducting service inspections on a daily basis allows for any issues or malfunctions to be identified and addressed promptly, minimizing downtime and optimizing the performance of the test cell. Regular daily inspections also help to maintain the accuracy and reliability of the test results obtained from the test cell.

The tachometer indicating system consists of two primary units: the tachometer generator and the tachometer indicator. The tachometer generator is responsible for generating the electrical signals based on the rotational speed of the engine. These electrical signals are then sent to the tachometer indicator, which displays the rotational speed in the form of a visual indicator. Therefore, the correct answer is "indicator" as it is one of the two primary units of the tachometer indicating system.

The data collection unit in the PW-220 engine monitoring system is responsible for transferring information from the EDU (Engine Data Unit) to the ground station unit. This component collects data from the EDU, which includes various parameters such as engine performance, fuel consumption, and temperature readings. It then sends this data to the ground station unit for further analysis and monitoring.

An understanding of the operating principles of engine instruments will help you decide the meanings of the instruments readings. By knowing how the engine instruments work and what each reading indicates, you can interpret the information provided by the instruments accurately. This knowledge is crucial in determining the health and performance of the engine, which in turn helps in making decisions such as whether the engine should be removed from the aircraft or sent to the test cell for further evaluation.

When making general entries on the test cell engine log sheet, it is important to verify the engine model and serial number on the engine data plate. This ensures that the correct information is recorded and avoids any mistakes or discrepancies. Typing these items, checking past records, or entering them only after the test is complete may not guarantee accuracy, as these methods do not involve directly verifying the numbers on the engine data plate.

The responsibility for the proper preventive maintenance of a test cell facility rests with the individuals assigned to the task. This means that it is the responsibility of the specific individuals who have been assigned to the maintenance of the test cell facility to ensure that it is properly taken care of and preventive measures are implemented. This could include regular inspections, repairs, and maintenance tasks to ensure the facility is functioning optimally and any potential issues are addressed before they become major problems.

Rapid throttle movement could cause a compressor stall during emergency system operation. This is because sudden and aggressive movement of the throttle can disrupt the delicate balance of air and fuel mixture in the compressor, leading to an imbalance in the combustion process. This imbalance can result in a compressor stall, where the airflow through the compressor is disrupted, causing a loss of power and potentially damaging the engine.

If an engine stalls or surges during a test cell run, one should investigate the variable stator vanes. Variable stator vanes are used in turbine engines to control airflow and optimize engine performance. If these vanes are not functioning properly, it can cause disruptions in the airflow, leading to stalling or surging of the engine. Therefore, investigating the variable stator vanes would be necessary to identify and rectify the issue.

Dry motoring is an F-16 ops check that allows you to start the Jet Fuel Starter (JFS) without advancing the throttle to idle or supplying fuel to the aircraft engine. This check is performed to ensure the proper functioning of the JFS and its ability to start the engine without the need for fuel. It is an important step in the startup procedure of the F-16 aircraft.

To begin troubleshooting after reviewing the aircraft and engine forms, it is suggested to observe gauge indications. This means that by closely monitoring the readings on the gauges, one can identify any abnormal or out-of-range values that may indicate a problem within the system. This approach allows for a more targeted investigation and can help in narrowing down the potential causes of the issue. By focusing on the gauge indications, the troubleshooter can gather important information about the system's performance and make informed decisions on further steps to take.

The tachometer generator is a device used to measure the speed of an engine. It works by generating a frequency that is proportional to the engine speed. Therefore, the correct answer is "engine speed" because the frequency of the tachometer generator is directly related to the speed of the engine.

A piezoelectric accelerometer is made up of certain ceramic compounds and natural crystals. These materials have the property of generating an electric charge when subjected to mechanical stress or vibration. When the accelerometer experiences vibrations, the crystals within it generate an electric charge, which is then measured and converted into a corresponding acceleration value. This type of transducer is commonly used for measuring vibrations in various applications such as structural analysis, machine monitoring, and automotive testing.

Bearings are used to support the fan and low-pressure turbine. Bearings are mechanical components that reduce friction between moving parts and support the weight and load of rotating equipment. In this case, the fan and low-pressure turbine require support to ensure smooth rotation and minimize wear and tear. Bearings provide this support by allowing the rotating parts to move freely while reducing friction and preventing excessive heat buildup. Therefore, bearings are essential components in supporting the fan and low-pressure turbine.

Turbine blade fatigue failure does not result from blends. Fatigue failure in turbine blades is typically caused by repeated stress cycles, which can be caused by factors such as nicks, dents, and scratches. However, blends, which refer to smooth transitions between different surfaces, do not introduce stress concentrations or irregularities that could lead to fatigue failure. Therefore, blends are not a likely cause of turbine blade fatigue failure.

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When operating an engine that is installed on an aircraft, it is important to position the aircraft so that the wind is blowing directly into the inlet, within plus or minus 45 degrees. This is because the wind blowing directly into the inlet helps to provide the necessary airflow for the engine's combustion process. Positioning the aircraft in this way ensures that the engine receives the optimal amount of air for efficient operation.

In order for aircraft instruments to be considered effective tools for aviators, they need to meet certain criteria. One of these criteria is being small in size. This is important because aircraft cockpits have limited space, and having small instruments allows for more efficient use of that space. Additionally, smaller instruments are easier to install and navigate around in the cockpit. Therefore, small size is an important factor for aircraft instruments to be effective tools for aviators.

Transient engine vibration refers to vibrations that occur intermittently and do not persist continuously. These vibrations come and go, often caused by temporary disturbances or changes in engine conditions. Unlike forced vibrations, which are continuous and caused by a constant external force, transient vibrations are more unpredictable and can vary in intensity and duration. Resonance vibrations, on the other hand, occur when the engine's natural frequency matches an external force frequency, leading to sustained vibrations. Therefore, the correct answer is transient.

When using a vibration analyzer, the device will notify you when a preset signal has been exceeded by flashing a channel indicator light emitting diode (LED). This indicates that the vibration levels have exceeded the predetermined threshold and serves as a visual alert to the user. The LED light is a practical and efficient way to quickly and easily identify when the vibration levels are outside the acceptable range.

To conduct a test cell run, it is necessary to determine the specific engine's correct type and grade of oil used. This information can be found in the applicable engine publications. These publications provide detailed information about the engine, including the recommended oil specifications and requirements. By referring to the applicable engine publications, you can ensure that the correct type and grade of oil are used for the test cell run, which is crucial for the engine's optimal performance and reliability.

The engines are mounted from a cradle mount. This means that they are suspended and supported by a cradle-like structure. This method of mounting allows for stability and flexibility in testing the engines, as they can be easily adjusted and maneuvered as needed. It also ensures that the engines are securely held in place during testing, minimizing any potential risks or accidents.

When encountering engine trouble where more than one unit is at fault, it is best to examine the unit that requires the least amount of time to replace. This approach allows for a quicker diagnosis and resolution of the issue, as it focuses on the unit that can be replaced most efficiently. By addressing the problem with the unit that can be replaced quickly, it may also help to narrow down the potential causes of the engine trouble and identify any additional units that need to be examined or replaced.

The correct answer is "accommodates the fault and sends fault code to the EDU". In the event of a problem in the PW-220 a/c engine, the DEEC (Digital Electronic Engine Control) system is designed to accommodate the fault and send a fault code to the EDU (Engine Data Unit). This allows for the identification and diagnosis of the specific issue, which can then be addressed by maintenance personnel. The DEEC does not trip an engine no-go flag, turn on cockpit lights, or trip an engine monitoring unit (EMS) maintenance flag.

The correct answer is "and its forms". Before moving an aircraft into the hush house, it is necessary to inspect the aircraft and its various forms. This implies that not only the physical condition of the aircraft should be checked, but also any relevant documentation or paperwork associated with the aircraft should be reviewed. This comprehensive inspection ensures that all aspects of the aircraft are in proper order before it is moved into the hush house.

If oil is observed on the turbine wheel or oil smoke is seen at or near the turbine section during a test cell run, it is likely a good indication of a damaged aft bearing oil seal. The presence of oil or oil smoke suggests that there is a leak in the oil seal, which is causing the oil to escape and potentially come into contact with the turbine wheel or create smoke. This indicates that the oil seal is not functioning properly and needs to be repaired or replaced.

Before operating an engine at the test cell, it is important to check its status as indicated on the engine forms. These forms contain crucial information about the engine's maintenance history, any recent repairs or modifications, and any outstanding issues that need to be addressed. By reviewing the engine forms, the operator can ensure that the engine is in a suitable condition for testing and identify any potential risks or concerns that may affect its performance or safety.

Engines that have been involved in an incident or a mishap need to be tested in addition to determining their condition after repair or overhaul. This is because these engines may have undergone significant damage or stress during the incident or mishap, which could affect their performance and safety. Testing these engines helps to ensure that they are functioning properly and can be safely used again.

The primary silencers on an aircraft noise suppressor are positioned against the aircraft fuselage. This placement allows for effective noise reduction by minimizing the transmission of sound waves from the engine exhaust. By positioning the primary silencers against the fuselage, the noise is contained and absorbed, resulting in a quieter aircraft environment.

An incipient cold compressor stall refers to a stall that occurs at low rpm and is accompanied by a slight over temperature. This means that the compressor is experiencing a disruption in airflow, leading to a decrease in performance and an increase in temperature. The term "incipient" suggests that the stall is in its early stages and has not fully developed yet.

The accuracy of the test cell N1 and N2 speed indicator in revolutions per minute (RPM) will be within 2 rpm when properly adjusted. This means that the readings on the speed indicator will be accurate within a range of plus or minus 2 rpm.

During engine coast down is the step in a test cell leak check where a final check for leaks is accomplished. This step occurs after the engine has been started and is being shut down. As the engine coasts down, any leaks that may be present can be detected and addressed before the test is completed. This ensures that the test cell is properly sealed and that accurate results can be obtained during the testing process.

A typical jet engine exhaust gas temperature indicating system contains thermocouples, leads, an indicator, and a resistor. The resistor is used in the system to provide a reference point for the temperature measurements. It helps to calibrate the readings from the thermocouples and ensures accurate temperature measurements. Without the resistor, the system would not be able to accurately indicate the exhaust gas temperature.

Periodic inspection checklists are used as an aid in test facility inspections. These checklists provide a systematic and standardized approach to conducting inspections, ensuring that all necessary areas and components are thoroughly examined. They outline specific inspection tasks, criteria, and requirements that need to be met, helping inspectors to identify any potential issues or deficiencies. By using periodic inspection checklists, test facility inspections can be conducted efficiently and effectively, ensuring the facility's compliance with safety and quality standards.

The tachometer indicator is an electric magnetic-drag type instrument. This means that it operates using an electric current and a magnetic field to measure and display the speed of rotation of an engine or motor. The magnetic drag in this type of instrument allows for accurate and precise readings of the rotational speed.

The correct answer is transmitter and indicator. The oil pressure transmitter is responsible for measuring the oil pressure in the system and sending the information to the indicator. The indicator then displays the oil pressure reading to the operator, allowing them to monitor the system and ensure it is operating correctly. Both the transmitter and indicator are necessary for indicating the oil system's operation.

The turbine area should be checked for FOD (Foreign Object Debris) prior to operation on the test cell facility. This is because the turbine area is a critical component of the engine where FOD can cause significant damage and affect the engine's performance. Checking for FOD in the turbine area helps ensure the safe and efficient operation of the engine during testing.

The correct answer is the thrust stand slides into position on tracks. This feature allows for flexibility when running an engine that has been removed from the airframe because the thrust stand can be easily adjusted and positioned on tracks to accommodate different engine sizes and configurations. This ensures stability and safety during engine testing and allows for efficient and precise measurements of thrust output.

Complete loss of lubrication is the most common cause of bearing failure. Bearings rely on proper lubrication to reduce friction and prevent wear and tear. Without lubrication, the metal surfaces of the bearing will rub against each other, causing excessive heat and leading to premature failure. This can result in increased friction, increased vibration, and ultimately, bearing damage.