1.
Which of these is not associated with reasoning?
Correct Answer
B. Concluding
Explanation
Concluding is not associated with reasoning because it refers to the process of reaching a decision or forming an opinion based on evidence or reasoning. Reasoning, on the other hand, involves the ability to think logically, make inferences, and draw conclusions based on evidence or facts. While concluding may involve some level of reasoning, it is not directly associated with the cognitive process of reasoning itself.
2.
Which of these can be used with 'reasoning' interchangeably?
Correct Answer
C. Rationality
Explanation
Rationality can be used interchangeably with reasoning because both terms refer to the ability to think logically and make sound judgments based on evidence and facts. Both concepts involve the process of using logical thinking to arrive at conclusions or decisions. Therefore, rationality is a suitable synonym for reasoning in this context.
3.
Which of these is not a form of logical reasoning?
Correct Answer
B. Connotative reasoning
Explanation
Connotative reasoning is not a form of logical reasoning because it involves interpreting the emotional and subjective associations of words or phrases, rather than relying on objective facts or evidence. Logical reasoning, on the other hand, is based on the principles of deduction, induction, and inference to arrive at a logical conclusion. Deductive reasoning uses general principles to reach specific conclusions, intuitive reasoning relies on instinct and gut feelings, and verbal reasoning involves understanding and analyzing written or spoken language.
4.
Which of these is not conceptualized by reasoning?
Correct Answer
C. Personality
Explanation
Personality is not conceptualized by reasoning because it is a complex and unique combination of traits, behaviors, and characteristics that make up an individual's identity. While reasoning can be used to understand and analyze certain aspects of personality, such as decision-making or problem-solving abilities, the overall concept of personality goes beyond logical reasoning. Personality is influenced by various factors such as genetics, upbringing, experiences, and personal beliefs, making it a subjective and individualistic concept that cannot be fully explained or understood through reasoning alone.
5.
What is the study of reasoning
Correct Answer
A. Logic
Explanation
Logic is the study of reasoning because it focuses on the principles and methods used to determine the validity of arguments and the soundness of reasoning. It involves analyzing and evaluating arguments, identifying logical fallacies, and understanding the rules of inference and deduction. Logic helps us to think critically, make rational decisions, and effectively communicate our ideas. It is a fundamental discipline in philosophy and mathematics, and it is also applied in various fields such as computer science, law, and linguistics.
6.
Which of these contrasts with deductive reasoning?
Correct Answer
C. Analogous reasoning
Explanation
Analogous reasoning contrasts with deductive reasoning because it involves making comparisons between two or more situations or scenarios that are similar in certain aspects. It relies on the assumption that if two things are alike in some ways, they will also be alike in other ways. This type of reasoning is often used when there is limited information available or when trying to make predictions or generalizations based on observed patterns. In contrast, deductive reasoning is a logical process that starts with a general premise or principle and uses it to reach a specific conclusion.
7.
What is flawed reasoning called?
Correct Answer
C. Fallacious reasoning
Explanation
Flawed reasoning is called fallacious reasoning. Fallacious reasoning refers to the use of faulty logic or arguments that are not valid or sound. It involves making errors in reasoning, such as using irrelevant evidence, making hasty generalizations, or committing logical fallacies. Fallacious reasoning can lead to incorrect conclusions or flawed arguments.
8.
Which of these is most important in case-based reasoning?
Correct Answer
B. Analogical reasoning
Explanation
Analogical reasoning is the most important in case-based reasoning because it involves identifying similarities between a current problem and past cases, and then using the knowledge and solutions from those past cases to solve the current problem. This process allows for the transfer of knowledge and experiences from previous cases to new situations, enabling effective problem-solving and decision-making. Abductive reasoning involves generating plausible explanations, fallacious reasoning refers to flawed or incorrect reasoning, and general reasoning does not specifically focus on the use of past cases.
9.
Which of these is an application of reasoning in technology?
Correct Answer
A. Artificial intelligence
Explanation
Artificial intelligence is an application of reasoning in technology because it involves the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that would typically require human intelligence. These systems use reasoning algorithms and techniques to analyze data, make decisions, and solve problems. By simulating human reasoning processes, artificial intelligence enables machines to learn, adapt, and improve their performance over time. This technology has various applications in fields such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and communication, where it can automate processes, provide insights, and assist in decision-making.
10.
What form of reasoning is applied in computer science?
Correct Answer
B. Automated reasoning
Explanation
Automated reasoning is the form of reasoning applied in computer science. This involves using automated techniques and algorithms to make logical deductions and solve problems. It is a branch of artificial intelligence that focuses on developing computer programs capable of reasoning and making decisions based on logical rules and constraints. Automated reasoning is used in various areas of computer science, such as theorem proving, formal verification, and expert systems. It allows computers to analyze complex information, perform logical inference, and generate solutions efficiently and accurately.