CRNE Exam MCQ Quiz! Trivia

If a client's venipuncture site has a low temperature and is swollen, and the vein proximal is occluded to the intravenous site, it indicates that the client has an infiltrated intravenous site. Infiltration occurs when the intravenous fluid leaks into the surrounding tissue instead of entering the vein. This can cause swelling, coolness, and occlusion of the vein. The appropriate action in this situation is to remove the intravenous device to prevent further complications and assess the client's condition. Rubbing the infiltrated area or applying a compress may worsen the condition. Elevating the extremity may be helpful in some cases, but removing the intravenous device is the priority.

The correct answer is "The cervix is thin and fully dilated." This is because the second stage of labor begins when the cervix is fully dilated and the woman is ready to push. The thinning of the cervix indicates that it has progressed and is ready for the next stage of labor. The other options do not necessarily indicate the start of the second stage of labor. The presenting part being below the ischial spines can happen earlier in labor, the woman feeling the need to push can occur before the cervix is fully dilated, and the rupture of the amniotic membranes can happen at any stage of labor.

A client with an inflammatory bowel disease is most likely to be ordered a low-residue diet because this type of diet helps to reduce the amount of undigested food and fiber in the intestines, which can be beneficial for individuals with inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. This diet consists of foods that are low in residue, meaning they are easily digested and leave minimal waste in the intestines. Additionally, the high carbohydrate content in this diet provides a good source of energy for the body.

Based on the symptoms described, the patient is most likely diagnosed with retinal detachment. Retinal detachment occurs when the retina, the tissue at the back of the eye responsible for vision, becomes separated from its normal position. Symptoms such as a sense of a veil covering the vision, flashes of floaters, light, and blurry vision are commonly associated with retinal detachment. Prompt medical attention is necessary to prevent permanent vision loss.

The nurse should place Kenny in the right lateral side-lying position after the liver biopsy. This position helps to promote drainage of any excess fluid or blood that may accumulate in the liver area after the procedure. It also helps to prevent any pressure on the liver and reduces the risk of bleeding. Additionally, this position promotes comfort and allows for easier monitoring of vital signs.

A client with symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis is diagnosed with metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH and low bicarbonate concentration. In this condition, the body is unable to effectively remove acid or produce enough bicarbonate to neutralize the acid, leading to an imbalance in the body's pH levels. Therefore, the nurse would expect to note a low pH and low bicarbonate concentration in the client's laboratory results.

The most likely assessment finding noted in the patient chart of Ben, who has been on steroid therapy and recently diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer, is pain in the abdomen that is relieved by eating. This is because duodenal ulcers are commonly associated with the production of excess stomach acid, which causes pain. Eating can help neutralize the acid and temporarily relieve the pain. Gnawing pain in the midepigastric area one hour after eating is more characteristic of gastric ulcers, sour taste in the mouth can be a symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and vomiting is not specifically associated with duodenal ulcers.

In the given scenario, the correct initial action for the nurse would be to clamp the intravenous catheter. Air embolism occurs when air enters the bloodstream, which can be life-threatening. By clamping the intravenous catheter, the nurse can prevent further air from entering the client's bloodstream. This action should be taken immediately to minimize the risk of complications. Administering oxygen and notifying the physician are important steps, but clamping the catheter takes priority in this situation. Placing the client in a left-side lying position is not the initial action for air embolism.

The nurse should report the finding to the physician because a temperature of 36.9°C in a two-month-old baby may indicate hypothermia, which can be a serious condition requiring medical attention. The physician will need to evaluate the baby's condition and determine the appropriate course of action.

A physician would order 5% dextrose in water as a hypotonic solution for a client with a fluid volume deficit because it helps to increase the client's fluid volume. The 5% dextrose provides calories and the water helps to hydrate the client. This solution is hypotonic because it has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the client's body fluids, allowing for the movement of water into the cells to rehydrate them.