Trivia Questions Over Macromolecules

2.

Carbohydrates normally function in animals as

The functional units of lipids
Enzymes int he regulation of metabolic processes
A component of triglycerides
Energy storage moleucules
Sites of protein synthesis

Correct Answer

A. Energy storage moleucules

Explanation

Carbohydrates are molecules that serve as a primary source of energy in animals. They are broken down into glucose, which is then used by cells to produce ATP, the main energy currency of the body. Carbohydrates are stored in the form of glycogen in the liver and muscles, and can be readily accessed when energy is needed. Therefore, carbohydrates function as energy storage molecules in animals.

Rate this question:

3.

Which of the following is true of saturated fatty acids?

They are the most common fatty acid in corn oil
They have double bonds between the carbon atoms of the fatty acids
They have a higher ratio of hydrogen to carbon than unsaturated fatty acids
They are usually liquids at room temperature
They are usually produced by plants

Correct Answer

A. They have a higher ratio of hydrogen to carbon than unsaturated fatty acids

Explanation

Saturated fatty acids have a higher ratio of hydrogen to carbon than unsaturated fatty acids. This means that saturated fatty acids have more hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atoms in their structure compared to unsaturated fatty acids. In saturated fatty acids, all carbon atoms are bonded to the maximum number of hydrogen atoms, resulting in a saturated structure. This is in contrast to unsaturated fatty acids, which have one or more double bonds between carbon atoms, resulting in a lower ratio of hydrogen to carbon.

Rate this question:

4.

Which type of phospholipid is most important in biological membranes?

Fat
Wax
Phospholipid
Oil
Triglyceride

Correct Answer

A. Phospholipid

Explanation

Phospholipids are the most important type of lipid in biological membranes. They have a hydrophilic (water-loving) head and hydrophobic (water-hating) tails, which allows them to form a bilayer structure in water-based environments. This arrangement forms the basis of cell membranes, providing a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings and controls the movement of molecules in and out of the cell. Phospholipids also play a role in cell signaling and can form specialized structures such as micelles and liposomes.

Rate this question:

5.

The 20 different amino acids have different chemical properties because of different

Carboxyl groups
Amino groups
Side chain (R groups)
Tertiary structure
Both A and B are correct

Correct Answer

A. Side chain (R groups)

Explanation

The 20 different amino acids have different chemical properties because of their side chain (R groups). The side chain is a unique component of each amino acid that determines its specific chemical properties, such as polarity, charge, and hydrophobicity. These differences in the side chain contribute to the diversity of amino acids and their ability to form various types of chemical bonds and interact with other molecules in biological systems.

Rate this question:

6.

A change in a protein's three dimensional shape due to disruption of hydrogen bonds, disulfide bridges and/or ionic bonds is called

Hydrolysis
Stabilization
Destabilization
Renaturation
Denaturation

Correct Answer

A. Denaturation

Explanation

Denaturation refers to the change in a protein's three-dimensional shape caused by the disruption of hydrogen bonds, disulfide bridges, and/or ionic bonds. This disruption leads to the loss of the protein's native structure and function. Hydrolysis refers to the breaking down of a chemical compound with water, stabilization refers to the process of making something more stable, destabilization refers to the process of making something less stable, and renaturation refers to the process of restoring a denatured protein back to its native structure.

Rate this question:

7.

The major function of RNA is to

Transmit genetic information to offspring
Function in the synthesis of proteins
Make a copy of itself
Act as a pattern to form DNA
Form the genes of an organism

Correct Answer

A. Function in the synthesis of proteins

Explanation

RNA plays a crucial role in protein synthesis. It carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are assembled. RNA acts as a template for protein synthesis by providing the sequence of amino acids that make up a specific protein. This process involves transcription, where RNA is synthesized from DNA, and translation, where the information carried by RNA is used to build proteins. Therefore, the major function of RNA is to function in the synthesis of proteins.

Rate this question:

8.

Which of the following best describes a nucleotide?

A nitrogen base with a phosphate group
A nitrogen base and a five carbon sugar
A nitrogen base, a phosphate group and a five carbon sugar
A five carbon sugar and adenine or uracil
A five carbon sugar and pyrine or pyrimidine

Correct Answer

A. A nitrogen base, a phosphate group and a five carbon sugar

Explanation

A nucleotide is composed of three components: a nitrogen base, a phosphate group, and a five carbon sugar. The nitrogen base can be adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine in DNA or adenine, guanine, cytosine, or uracil in RNA. The phosphate group is a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms. The five carbon sugar is either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA. Therefore, the correct answer is a nitrogen base, a phosphate group, and a five carbon sugar.

Rate this question:

9.

The difference between the sugar in DNA and the sugar in RNA is that the sugar in DNA

Contains less oxygen
Contains adenine
Has a six carbon ring and nitrogen atoms
Can attach to phosphate unlike RNA
Is a six carbon sugar, where RNA is a five carbon

Correct Answer

A. Contains less oxygen

Explanation

The sugar in DNA contains less oxygen compared to the sugar in RNA. This is because the sugar in DNA, deoxyribose, has one less oxygen atom in its structure compared to the sugar in RNA, ribose. Deoxyribose has a total of four oxygen atoms, while ribose has five oxygen atoms. This difference in oxygen content is one of the key distinctions between the two types of sugar molecules found in DNA and RNA.

Rate this question:

10.

In a double helix structure of nucleic acids, cytosine forms a hydrogen bond with

Deoxyribose
Ribose
Adenine
Thymine
Guanine

Correct Answer

A. Guanine

Explanation

In a double helix structure of nucleic acids, cytosine forms a hydrogen bond with guanine. This is because cytosine and guanine are complementary base pairs in DNA. The hydrogen bond between cytosine and guanine helps to stabilize the double helix structure of DNA and ensures proper replication and transcription of genetic information.

Rate this question:

11.

Upon surveying the chemical structure of a polypeptide, you recognize a SH group. What type protein structure are you viewing?

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary

Correct Answer

A. Tertiary

Explanation

The presence of a SH group indicates the presence of a disulfide bond, which is a covalent bond formed between two cysteine residues in a polypeptide chain. Disulfide bonds contribute to the overall folding and stability of a protein, making them a characteristic feature of the tertiary structure. Therefore, when recognizing a SH group in a polypeptide, you are viewing the tertiary protein structure.

Rate this question:

12.

What type of bonds are found in carbohydrates?

Peptide linkages
Ester linkages
Glycosidic linkages
Phosphodiester linkages

Correct Answer

A. Glycosidic linkages

Explanation

Glycosidic linkages are the type of bonds found in carbohydrates. These linkages occur between the hydroxyl group of one sugar molecule and the anomeric carbon of another sugar molecule. They are formed through a dehydration reaction, resulting in the formation of a glycosidic bond. This bond is responsible for connecting the monosaccharide units together, forming larger carbohydrate molecules such as disaccharides and polysaccharides. Glycosidic linkages play a crucial role in the structure and function of carbohydrates, allowing them to serve as energy sources, structural components, and cell recognition molecules.

Rate this question:

Trivia Questions Over Macromolecules

Polymers of polysaccharides, fats and proteins are all synthesized from monomers by

Carbohydrates normally function in animals as

Which of the following is true of saturated fatty acids?

Which type of phospholipid is most important in biological membranes?

The 20 different amino acids have different chemical properties because of different

A change in a protein's three dimensional shape due to disruption of hydrogen bonds, disulfide bridges and/or ionic bonds is called

The major function of RNA is to

Which of the following best describes a nucleotide?

The difference between the sugar in DNA and the sugar in RNA is that the sugar in DNA

In a double helix structure of nucleic acids, cytosine forms a hydrogen bond with

Upon surveying the chemical structure of a polypeptide, you recognize a SH group. What type protein structure are you viewing?

What type of bonds are found in carbohydrates?