Advanced Nitrogen Balance Exam

Canola oil contains the least amount of protein compared to eggs, steak, and fish. While eggs, steak, and fish are all good sources of protein, canola oil is primarily composed of fats and does not contain a significant amount of protein. Therefore, it is the food option with the least amount of protein.

Anabolic is the correct answer because it refers to the state in which the body is building muscle and repairing tissues. This state is characterized by an increase in protein synthesis and a decrease in muscle breakdown. It is the ideal state for individuals looking to build muscle mass and increase strength. On the other hand, catabolic refers to the state in which the body is breaking down muscle tissue for energy. This state is usually associated with periods of intense exercise or calorie restriction, and it can lead to muscle loss.

Negative nitrogen balance actually puts the body in a catabolic state, not an anabolic state. In a negative nitrogen balance, the body is losing more nitrogen (from protein breakdown) than it is gaining, which indicates a breakdown of muscle tissue. An anabolic state, on the other hand, is characterized by a positive nitrogen balance, where the body is gaining more nitrogen than it is losing, indicating an increase in muscle tissue. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

Dairy, eggs, and natural sugars are not good sources of protein. While dairy and eggs do contain some protein, they are not as high in protein as other sources such as meat, fish, legumes, or tofu. Natural sugars, on the other hand, do not contain any significant amount of protein. Therefore, the statement is false.

Essential amino acids are amino acids that the human body cannot produce on its own and must be obtained through the diet. Therefore, they are not produced by any specific area of the body. Instead, they must be acquired from external sources, primarily through the consumption of protein-rich foods like meat, dairy products, legumes, and certain grains.

The body can synthesize non-essential amino acids on its own, but essential amino acids must come from dietary sources to support various biological processes, including the building of proteins and the functioning of enzymes.

Bloated stomach is caused by swelling in the liver and stomach. Fatty liver is a condition where excess fat accumulates in the liver, leading to inflammation and swelling. This can result in symptoms such as bloating, discomfort, and a feeling of fullness in the abdominal area. Therefore, the correct answer is Fatty Liver.

Cysteine is a non-essential amino acid because it can be synthesized by the human body. Non-essential amino acids are those that the body can produce on its own, so they do not need to be obtained from the diet. On the other hand, essential amino acids cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained from food sources.

Nitrogen is not found in any of the given options. Nitrogen is a macronutrient that is primarily found in proteins, nucleic acids, and other organic compounds. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which contain nitrogen. Carbohydrates such as glucose and sucrose do not contain nitrogen. Therefore, the correct answer is "None of the above".