ALAT - Assistant Laboratory Animal Technician Quiz

The given statement is true because coughing, discharge from the nose, dyspnea, and sneezing are commonly associated with respiratory disorders. These symptoms can be caused by various respiratory conditions such as allergies, colds, flu, bronchitis, or pneumonia. Therefore, it is accurate to say that these four symptoms are indicative of respiratory disorders.

An animal may be ill due to multiple diseases because animals, like humans, can suffer from more than one health condition at the same time. Just like humans can get a cold and also have a stomach bug, animals can also experience multiple diseases concurrently. This can happen due to various factors such as a weakened immune system, exposure to multiple pathogens, or underlying health issues. Therefore, it is true that an animal may be ill due to multiple diseases.

The statement is true because "laboratory animal science" is a term that specifically refers to the scientific and technical knowledge and techniques that are used in the care and management of laboratory animals. It encompasses various aspects such as animal welfare, husbandry, veterinary care, and research methodologies. Therefore, the statement accurately describes the definition and scope of laboratory animal science.

Body movement, including walking, is indeed accomplished by the contraction and relaxation of muscles. Muscles work in pairs, with one muscle contracting while the other relaxes, allowing movement to occur. When we walk, for example, the muscles in our legs contract and relax in a coordinated manner to move our limbs and propel us forward. Therefore, the statement "All body movement, such as walking, is accomplished by the contraction and relaxation of muscles" is true.

During a quarantine period, it is important to observe the health status of animals and treat any diseases that may arise. This is necessary to prevent the spread of contagious diseases among the animals and ensure their overall well-being. By closely monitoring their health and providing appropriate treatment, any potential health issues can be addressed promptly, minimizing the risk of further complications or transmission of diseases. Therefore, the statement that the animals' health status is observed and diseases are treated during a quarantine period is true.

The statement suggests that there is a correlation between the appearance of an animal's hair and its food and water intake. It implies that if an animal's hair is dull and shaggy, it may be a sign that the animal is not consuming enough food and water. This could be due to various reasons such as illness, lack of availability of resources, or poor nutrition. Therefore, the answer is true, indicating that a decrease in food and water intake may be associated with an animal having dull and shaggy hair.

Newly received animals may not be familiar with the automatic watering system and may not know how to use it. Providing them with water bottles initially can ensure that they have access to water until they learn to use the automatic system. This can help prevent dehydration and ensure their well-being. Therefore, the statement is true.

A technician should use older feed supplies before a more recently received shipment because it ensures that the older supplies are used first and do not expire or go to waste. This practice also helps in maintaining inventory control and preventing any potential losses. Additionally, using older supplies first can help in managing the overall quality and freshness of the feed, ensuring that the animals receive the best possible nutrition.

Stress has been extensively studied and it has been found to have negative effects on the immune system in various animal species. Chronic stress can lead to a decrease in immune function, making animals more susceptible to infections and diseases. This is because stress hormones can suppress the immune response, impairing the body's ability to fight off pathogens. Therefore, it is true that stress can reduce the effectiveness of the immune response in animal species.

The correct answer is "standard operating procedure." SOP is an acronym commonly used in various industries to refer to a set of step-by-step instructions or guidelines that must be followed to carry out routine operations or tasks. These procedures ensure consistency, efficiency, and safety in the workplace by providing a standardized approach to completing specific activities.

The term "dermo" is derived from the Greek word "derma" which means skin. It is commonly used as a prefix in medical terminology to refer to anything related to the skin. For example, dermatology is the branch of medicine that deals with the study and treatment of skin disorders. Therefore, the correct answer is skin.

A vector refers to an organism, typically an insect or arthropod, that can transmit a pathogen from one host to another. In the context of infectious diseases, vectors play a crucial role in the transmission of certain diseases. For example, mosquitoes act as vectors for diseases like malaria, dengue fever, and Zika virus. They acquire the pathogen from an infected individual and then transmit it to a healthy individual through biting. Therefore, it is true that a vector can be responsible for the spread of an infectious disease.

Microchip implantation is considered an acceptable permanent identification method because it provides a reliable and permanent way to identify an individual. Unlike collars, waterproof paints, or colored markers, microchips cannot be easily removed or altered. Microchips are small electronic devices that are implanted under the skin, typically in the neck area of an animal. They contain a unique identification number that can be scanned by a microchip reader. This allows for accurate identification of the animal and helps reunite lost pets with their owners.

Albino animals, with their white fur and pink eyes, lack the pigmentation that provides protection against the sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays. As a result, they are particularly sensitive to bright light, which can cause damage to their eyes and skin. This sensitivity to bright light is due to the absence of melanin, the pigment responsible for absorbing UV radiation. Therefore, albino animals need to avoid exposure to bright light to prevent harm to their eyes and skin.

Organs are composed of many tissues because tissues are groups of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. When these tissues come together, they form an organ. Each tissue within an organ has a specific role to play in the overall function of that organ. Therefore, it is true that organs are composed of many tissues.

It is necessary to check if the heart has stopped or respiration has ceased before disposing of the carcass after injecting a euthanasia agent. This is important to ensure that the euthanasia has been successful and the animal is deceased before disposing of the body.

Cannulation is indeed an implantation procedure that involves inserting a small tube into a body cavity, duct, or vessel. This procedure is commonly used in medical settings for various purposes, such as administering medication, collecting blood samples, or draining fluids. Therefore, the statement "Cannulation is an implantation procedure where a small tube is inserted into a body cavity, duct, or vessel" is true.

Herpes B Virus is the correct answer because it is a disease that can be carried by rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys and can be fatal to humans. Typhus, Cholera, and Chicken Pox are not specifically associated with monkeys and do not pose a significant threat to human life.

A dog that is accustomed at an early age to interacting with humans is termed "well socialized." This means that the dog has been exposed to various social situations and has learned how to behave appropriately around people. Socialization is an important aspect of a dog's development as it helps them become comfortable and confident in different environments and with different individuals. A well-socialized dog is more likely to be friendly, calm, and well-behaved in social settings.

Animal technicians should assess the health of all animals under their care early in the morning. This is because during this time, the animals are typically rested and have not yet been disturbed or stressed by daily activities. Assessing their health in the morning allows for a more accurate evaluation of their overall well-being and any potential issues that may need to be addressed.

Enzymes are indeed made of proteins. Proteins are large molecules made up of amino acids, and enzymes are a specific type of protein that act as catalysts in biological reactions. They facilitate and speed up chemical reactions in the body by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. Without enzymes, many essential biochemical processes would be too slow to sustain life. Therefore, the statement "enzymes are made of proteins" is true.

A zoonotic disease is a disease that is transmitted from animals to humans. This means that the disease originates in animals and can be passed on to humans through various means such as direct contact, consumption of contaminated food or water, or through vectors like mosquitoes or ticks. Zoonotic diseases can range from mild illnesses to more severe infections and can be caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, or fungi. Some examples of zoonotic diseases include rabies, Ebola, Lyme disease, and COVID-19. It is important to understand and prevent the transmission of zoonotic diseases to protect both human and animal health.

The phalanges are the bones that make up the fingers. They are located in the fingers and are responsible for providing support and flexibility to the hand.

The given statement states that the Terris Confinement Stand is a restraining device for swine constructed of expanded metal panels that form a pen-like enclosure. The answer is true because the statement accurately describes the Terris Confinement Stand and its purpose.

Rabbits need a nest box when giving birth because it provides a safe and warm environment for the mother and her babies. The nest box helps protect the newborn rabbits from predators and keeps them insulated from cold temperatures. It also gives the mother a secluded space to nurse and care for her young. Providing a nest box is essential for the well-being and survival of the newborn rabbits.

Subcutaneous means under the skin. This term is used to describe the layer of tissue that lies beneath the dermis and above the muscles and bones. Medications or injections administered subcutaneously are delivered into the fatty tissue just below the skin. This route of administration allows for slow and sustained absorption of the medication into the bloodstream.

An automatic watering system can save time and effort compared to manually watering plants with a water bottle. With an automatic system, plants can be watered consistently and evenly without the need for constant monitoring and manual watering. This can be especially beneficial for larger gardens or outdoor spaces where manually watering each plant with a water bottle would be time-consuming and labor-intensive. Overall, the use of an automatic watering system can reduce the amount of work required to maintain plants and ensure they receive adequate water.

The statement is true because Sinclair, Hanford, Pitman-Moore, and Uucatan are indeed four breeds of miniature swine that are commonly used in research. These miniature swine breeds are often preferred for research purposes due to their small size, ease of handling, and similarity to humans in terms of anatomy and physiology. They are used in various research areas such as cardiovascular studies, organ transplantation, and toxicology, among others.

The term "History" in an animal health record refers to a record of observations of the animal's condition that led to a diagnosis and treatment. This means that it includes information about the animal's symptoms, physical examination findings, and any relevant diagnostic tests that were performed. This history is important for veterinarians to have a complete understanding of the animal's health status and to make informed decisions about its treatment.

One kilogram is equal to approximately 2.2 pounds (lbs). This is a conversion factor commonly used to convert between the metric and imperial systems of measurement. It means that if you have 1 kilogram of weight, it would be equivalent to 2.2 pounds in the imperial system.

Any redness or swelling at the injection site in animals may indicate that the animal has experienced a localized inflammatory reaction. This can be a normal response to the injection process, especially with vaccines or medications. However, if the redness or swelling is severe, accompanied by pain, or persists for an extended period, it's important to consult a veterinarian to ensure that there are no adverse reactions or infections.

The Animal Welfare Act requires that dogs be given the opportunity for additional exercise outside of the normal cages or runs (unless they have very large runs). This act is a federal law in the United States that sets standards for the treatment of animals in research, exhibition, transport, and sale. It aims to ensure that animals are provided with humane care and treatment, including the opportunity for exercise and physical activity.

Adequate restraint of a cat involves controlling the cat's head, front legs, and hind legs. This means that in order to properly restrain a cat, you need to have control over all three areas of the cat's body. Restraining only the head and front legs or only the head and hind legs would not provide enough control over the cat's movements, and restraining only the front and hind legs without the head would also not be sufficient. Therefore, the correct answer is head, front legs, and hind legs.

The term "farrow" refers to the act of giving birth.

Guinea Pigs cannot synthesize vitamin C. Unlike humans and most other animals, guinea pigs lack the enzyme necessary for vitamin C synthesis in their bodies. Therefore, they must obtain this essential nutrient from their diet. Vitamin C is important for guinea pigs as it plays a crucial role in collagen synthesis, immune function, and the prevention of scurvy.

The most unusual anatomic feature of the hamster, which makes it a popular model for research, is their cheek pouch. This unique characteristic allows hamsters to store large amounts of food in their cheeks, which they can then carry back to their burrows to eat later. This behavior is not commonly seen in other animals and makes hamsters a valuable model for studying food storage and behavior.

The statement is true because Methoxyflurane, Isoflurane, and Halothane are indeed nonflammable and non-explosive inhalants that can be used for euthanasia. These substances are commonly used in veterinary medicine for their anesthetic properties.

The leg bones, which form the knee joint, are indeed examples of long bones. Long bones are characterized by their elongated shape and consist of a shaft (diaphysis) and two ends (epiphyses). The femur, tibia, and fibula are the long bones that make up the leg, and the femur articulates with the tibia to form the knee joint. Therefore, the statement is correct.

The correct answer is Queen. In the context of feline species, a female cat is commonly referred to as a Queen. This term is used to signify the regal and majestic nature of female cats, as well as their role in reproduction and motherhood. It is a widely accepted term in the cat breeding and showing communities.

Porphyrin is the correct answer because it is a reddish material found in the tears and saliva of rats. Porphyrins are a group of organic compounds that are responsible for the red color in blood and other bodily fluids. They play a role in various biological processes, including oxygen transport and electron transfer.

The National Institutes of Health is the correct answer because it is the largest government agency that provides direct financial support for biomedical research. The Howard Hughes Foundation, the Robet Wood-Johnson Foundation, and the National Science Foundation are all important organizations, but they do not have the same level of funding and focus specifically on biomedical research as the National Institutes of Health.

Excess usage of disinfectants or sanitizers can be hazardous because these products often contain chemicals that can be harmful if used in large quantities or if not properly diluted. Using more than the recommended amount does not necessarily provide better results in terms of killing germs or viruses. In fact, it can lead to the buildup of chemical residues on surfaces, which can be toxic and cause health issues. Therefore, it is important to follow the instructions and guidelines provided by manufacturers when using disinfectants or sanitizers.

Chromosomes are paired structures found in the nuclei of all animal cells. The nuclei of animal cells contain the genetic material in the form of DNA, which is organized into chromosomes. These chromosomes carry the instructions for the cell's functions and development. The cell wall is found in plant cells, not animal cells. The cytoplasm is the fluid that fills the cell, but chromosomes are not directly found in the cytoplasm. The zygote is the result of the fusion of two gametes and does not specifically refer to the location of chromosomes.

Centralizing an animal purchasing system allows for better planning and utilization of space, caging, and supplies. By centralizing the purchasing process, organizations can have a better overview of their inventory and resources, ensuring that they are efficiently used. This can help prevent wastage and ensure that animals are housed in appropriate environments. Additionally, centralizing purchasing can also lead to cost savings and better negotiation power with suppliers.

The basis of the metric system is the number 10 raised to some power (multiplied by itself). This is because the metric system is based on the decimal system, which uses powers of 10 for easy conversion between units. Each unit in the metric system is a multiple or fraction of 10, making it a convenient and consistent system of measurement.

The Animal Care and Use Committee, as defined by the Animal Welfare Act and Public Health Service Policy, is responsible for reviewing research protocols, inspecting animal facilities, and overseeing the animal research program. However, it is not their responsibility to act as a political action committee. This means that their role does not involve engaging in political activities or advocating for specific political causes. Their main focus is on ensuring the ethical treatment and welfare of animals used in research.

Microisolator cages should be changed in a ventilated work bench because it provides a controlled and sterile environment for handling the cages. The work bench is designed with a ventilation system that helps to remove any contaminants or allergens from the air, reducing the risk of contamination to the animals. Additionally, the work bench is equipped with a HEPA filter that further helps to maintain a clean and safe environment. Changing the cages in an autoclave, the cage washroom, or the animal room may not provide the same level of sterility and control as a ventilated work bench.

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The correct answer is "a and c". The proper way to pick up a hamster is by the loose skin over the neck and shoulders or by scooping with the hands. Picking up a hamster by the tail is not recommended as it can cause harm and discomfort to the hamster.

The correct answer is AVMA because AVMA stands for the American Veterinary Medical Association, which is a professional organization that provides guidelines and standards for veterinary practices in the United States. The AVMA publishes the Panel of Euthanasia Report, which lists methods and guidelines on animal euthanasia. This report is a valuable resource for veterinarians and animal welfare professionals to ensure that euthanasia is performed in a humane and ethical manner.