Anatomy And Physiology Lab Quiz 1

Reviewed by Stephen Reinbold
Stephen Reinbold, PhD (Biological Sciences) |
Biology Instructor
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Stephen Reinbold has a PhD in Biological Sciences and a strong passion for teaching. He taught various subjects including General Biology, Environmental Science, Zoology, Genetics, and Anatomy & Physiology at Metropolitan Community College in Kansas City, Missouri, for nearly thirty years. He focused on scientific methodology and student research projects. Now retired, he works part-time as an editor and engages in online activities.
, PhD (Biological Sciences)
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Bwshipley
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  • 1/70 Questions

    What is the function of the highlighted structures?

    • Destroying Foreign Invaders
    • Control Center
    • Connecting to Muscles
    • Removing Waste
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About This Quiz

Play this "Anatomy And Physiology Lab Quiz 1." Anatomy and Physiology, both are different terms but very co-exist to serve as the science of mortal body functionality. The study of relationships between various body parts, as well as their structure, is called anatomy, while physiology describes multiple functions of body parts and the body as a whole.
This extended practice quiz has many questions on this topic. So, take it and tell the correct answers.

Anatomy And Physiology Lab Quiz 1 - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    What is the name of the highlighted organ?

    • Heart

    • Thymus

    • Aorta

    • Trachea

    Correct Answer
    A. Heart
    Explanation
    The highlighted organ in the image is the heart. The heart is a muscular organ located in the chest that pumps blood throughout the body. It is responsible for circulating oxygenated blood to the body's tissues and returning deoxygenated blood to the lungs to be oxygenated again.

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  • 3. 

    What is the name of the highlighted organ?

    • Small Intestine

    • Stomach

    • Large Intestine

    • Liver

    Correct Answer
    A. Small Intestine
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Small Intestine. The organ highlighted in the question is the small intestine. It is a long, coiled tube located between the stomach and the large intestine. It is responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients from food.

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  • 4. 

    What is the name of the highlighted body cavity?

    • Vertebral Cavity

    • Head Cavity

    • Cranial Cavity

    • Dorsal Body Cavity

    Correct Answer
    A. Cranial Cavity
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Cranial Cavity. The cranial cavity is the body cavity that houses and protects the brain. It is located within the skull and is surrounded by bones, including the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital bones. The cranial cavity also contains cerebrospinal fluid, which helps cushion and protect the brain from impact.

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  • 5. 

    What is the name of the highlighted organ?

    • Spleen

    • Adrenal Gland

    • Liver

    • Kidney

    Correct Answer
    A. Kidney
    Explanation
    The correct answer is kidney. The organ highlighted in the question is the kidney. The kidney is a vital organ responsible for filtering waste products and excess water from the blood to form urine. It also helps regulate blood pressure, produce hormones, and maintain electrolyte balance in the body.

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  • 6. 

    What is the name of the highlighted organ?

    • Liver

    • Small Intestine

    • Large Intestine

    • Stomach

    Correct Answer
    A. Liver
    Explanation
    The highlighted organ in the question is the liver.

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  • 7. 

    Which structure is highlighted?

    • Epidermis

    • Sebaceous Gland

    • Dermis

    • Hypodermis

    • Subcutaneous Layer

    Correct Answer
    A. Epidermis
    Explanation
    The structure highlighted in the question is the epidermis.

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  • 8. 

    What is the name of the highlighted organ?

    • Large Intestine

    • Small Intestine

    • Liver

    • Stomach

    Correct Answer
    A. Large Intestine
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Large Intestine. The organ highlighted in the question is the large intestine, which is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from undigested food, forming and storing feces, and eliminating waste from the body.

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  • 9. 

    What is the name of the positively charged subatomic particle?  

    • Proton

    • Neutron

    • Element

    • Electron

    Correct Answer
    A. Proton
    Explanation
    The positively charged subatomic particle is called a proton. It is found in the nucleus of an atom and has a positive charge. This particle is crucial in determining the atomic number and identity of an element, as each element has a specific number of protons in its nucleus. Neutrons are neutral particles, electrons are negatively charged particles, and elements are substances made up of atoms with a specific number of protons.

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  • 10. 

    Which structure is highlighted?

    • Sebaceous Gland

    • Piloerrector Muscle

    • Dermis

    • Hypodermis

    • Hair follicles

    Correct Answer
    A. Hair follicles
    Explanation
    The structure highlighted in the question is the hair.

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  • 11. 

    What is the name of the highlighted organ?

    • Kidney

    • Pancreas

    • Liver

    • Adrenal Glands

    Correct Answer
    A. Pancreas
    Explanation
    The highlighted organ in the given question is the pancreas. The pancreas is a gland located in the abdomen, behind the stomach. It plays a crucial role in digestion and the regulation of blood sugar levels. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes that help break down food in the small intestine, and it also produces insulin and glucagon, hormones that regulate blood sugar levels.

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  • 12. 

    Which structure is highlighted?

    • Epidermis

    • Piloerrector Muscle

    • Dermis

    • Hypodermis

    • Hair Follicle

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypodermis
    Explanation
    The highlighted structure in the question is the hypodermis. The hypodermis is the layer of tissue located beneath the dermis, which is the outermost layer of the skin. It is composed of fat cells and connective tissue, and it serves as a cushioning layer, providing insulation and protection to the underlying tissues and organs.

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  • 13. 

    Which direction is indicated in the image?

    • Inferior

    • Caudal

    • Superior

    • Proximal

    Correct Answer
    A. Superior
    Explanation
    The direction indicated in the image is superior. This means that the object or structure in the image is located above or towards the head or upper part of the body.

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  • 14. 

    What is the major function of the highlighted organ?

    • Compaction

    • Mastication

    • Absorption

    • Assimilation

    Correct Answer
    A. Absorption
    Explanation
    The major function of the highlighted organ is absorption. Absorption refers to the process by which nutrients, water, and other substances are taken up from the digestive tract into the bloodstream. This organ is responsible for absorbing these essential substances and delivering them to the body's cells for use.

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  • 15. 

    Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow organs?

    • Smooth Muscle

    • Cardiac Muscle

    • Skeletal Muscle

    • Organ Muscle

    Correct Answer
    A. Smooth Muscle
    Explanation
    Smooth muscle is the correct answer because it is the type of muscle tissue that is found in the walls of hollow organs. Smooth muscle is involuntary and is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of these organs, allowing them to perform their functions, such as the movement of food through the digestive tract or the contraction of blood vessels. Cardiac muscle is found in the heart, skeletal muscle is attached to bones and responsible for voluntary movements, and "organ muscle" is not a recognized type of muscle tissue.

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  • 16. 

    What is the name of the highlighted body plane?

    • Transverse Plane

    • Horizontal Plane

    • Cross-Section

    • All of the Above

    Correct Answer
    A. Transverse Plane
    Explanation
    The highlighted body plane in the question is called the transverse plane. This plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions, or in simpler terms, it separates the top and bottom halves of the body. The other options, horizontal plane and cross-section, are not commonly used terms to describe this particular body plane. Therefore, the correct answer is the transverse plane.

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  • 17. 

    Which structure is highlighted?

    • Free Edge

    • Nail Body

    • Lunule

    • Eponychium

    • Nail Fold

    Correct Answer
    A. Nail Body
    Explanation
    The highlighted structure in this question is the Nail Body. The nail body is the visible part of the nail that extends beyond the nail root. It is composed of densely packed keratin cells that give the nail its hardness and strength. The nail body is the part that we typically see and can trim or paint.

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  • 18. 

    What is the name of the body position shown?

    • Prone

    • Fetal Position

    • Anatomical Position

    • Supine

    Correct Answer
    A. Prone
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Prone. Prone position refers to lying face down with the chest and abdomen facing the ground. This position is commonly used in medical settings for procedures or examinations of the back or spine. It allows for better access to the posterior aspect of the body.

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  • 19. 

    What is the collective name for the highlighted organs?

    • Nasal Cavity

    • Upper Respiratory Tract

    • Throat

    • Pharynx

    Correct Answer
    A. Nasal Cavity
    Explanation
    The collective name for the highlighted organs is the nasal cavity. The nasal cavity is a hollow space inside the nose that is responsible for filtering, warming, and moistening the air we breathe. It also plays a role in our sense of smell.

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  • 20. 

    Which structure is highlighted?

    • Hypodermis

    • Epidermis

    • Sebaceous Gland

    • Sweat Gland

    • External Root Sheath

    Correct Answer
    A. Epidermis
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Epidermis. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and acts as a protective barrier against the external environment. It is composed of several layers of cells, including keratinocytes, which produce the protein keratin that gives the epidermis its strength and waterproofing properties. The epidermis also contains melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin that gives color to the skin, and Langerhans cells, which are involved in the immune response.

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  • 21. 

    Which type of solution contains higher than normal amounts of osmotically active solutes?

    • Hypertonic Solution

    • Isotonic Solution

    • Pure Water

    • Hypotonic Solution

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypertonic Solution
    Explanation
    A hypertonic solution contains higher than normal amounts of osmotically active solutes. This means that the concentration of solutes in the solution is higher compared to the concentration inside the cell. As a result, water molecules move out of the cell through osmosis, causing the cell to shrink or shrivel.

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  • 22. 

    In DNA, which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine?

    • Uracil

    • Thymine

    • Cytosine

    • Guanine

    Correct Answer
    A. Thymine
    Explanation
    Thymine is the nitrogenous base that pairs with adenine in DNA. Adenine and thymine form a complementary base pair, where adenine always pairs with thymine through two hydrogen bonds. This pairing is essential for DNA replication and the overall structure and stability of the DNA molecule. Thymine is only found in DNA, while uracil replaces thymine in RNA. Cytosine and guanine form another complementary base pair in DNA.

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  • 23. 

    An epithelium with a single layer of tall cells would be classified as which type of epithelium?

    • Stratified Squamous Epithelium

    • Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

    • Simple Columnar Epithelium

    • Simple Squamous Epithelium

    Correct Answer
    A. Simple Columnar Epithelium
    Explanation
    An epithelium with a single layer of tall cells would be classified as simple columnar epithelium. This type of epithelium is characterized by tall, elongated cells that are closely packed together in a single layer. Simple columnar epithelium is typically found lining the digestive tract, where it functions in absorption and secretion.

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  • 24. 

    Identify the epithelium.

    • Pseudostratified Columnar

    • Stratified Squamous

    • Simple Columnar

    • Simple Cuboidal

    • Simple Squamous

    Correct Answer
    A. Simple Columnar
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Simple Columnar. Simple columnar epithelium is a single layer of tall, rectangular cells that line the digestive tract and parts of the respiratory tract. These cells are specialized for absorption and secretion, and they often have microvilli on their surface to increase surface area. Simple columnar epithelium can also have goblet cells, which secrete mucus.

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  • 25. 

    Which structure is highlighted?

    • Sebaceous Gland

    • Piloerrector Muscle

    • Hair Root

    • Hair Follicle

    • Hair

    Correct Answer
    A. Sebaceous Gland
    Explanation
    The structure highlighted in the question is the Sebaceous Gland. This gland is responsible for producing sebum, an oily substance that lubricates the hair and skin. It is typically found attached to hair follicles and helps to keep the hair and skin moisturized.

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  • 26. 

    Epithelia are stong membranes that function to bind the body together.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Epithelia are strong membranes that function to bind the body together. This is because epithelial tissues are tightly packed cells that form a protective barrier on the body's surfaces and line internal organs. They provide structural support, help in absorption and secretion, and play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and cohesion of the body. Therefore, it is true that epithelia function to bind the body together.

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  • 27. 

    Perimysium covers a muscle fascicle.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Perimysium is a connective tissue layer that surrounds and separates muscle fascicles, which are bundles of muscle fibers. It provides support and protection to the fascicles, allowing them to function as a unit within the muscle. Therefore, the statement that perimysium covers a muscle fascicle is true.

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  • 28. 

    Which structure is highlighted?

    • Free Edge

    • Nail Bed

    • Lunule

    • Eponychium

    • Nail Fold

    Correct Answer
    A. Nail Bed
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Nail Bed". The nail bed is the area of skin underneath the nail plate. It is responsible for producing new nail cells and giving the nail its pinkish color. The nail bed is highly vascularized, meaning it has a rich blood supply, which contributes to its pink appearance. It is an important structure for the growth and health of the nail.

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  • 29. 

    What term describes nuclear division?

    • Cytokinesis

    • Interphase

    • Mitosis

    • Cell Cycle

    Correct Answer
    A. Mitosis
    Explanation
    Mitosis is the correct answer because it refers to the process of nuclear division in which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. During mitosis, the genetic material in the nucleus is replicated and then distributed equally to the daughter cells. This process is essential for growth, development, and repair of tissues in multicellular organisms. Cytokinesis, on the other hand, is the division of the cytoplasm that follows mitosis, while interphase and cell cycle are broader terms that encompass all the stages of a cell's life cycle, including mitosis.

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  • 30. 

    What is the collective name of the highlighted organs?

    • Digestive Tract

    • Accessory Digestive Organs

    • Liver

    • Salivary Glands

    Correct Answer
    A. Accessory Digestive Organs
    Explanation
    The collective name of the highlighted organs is "Accessory Digestive Organs". These organs are not part of the main digestive tract, but they play a crucial role in the process of digestion. They include the liver, salivary glands, pancreas, and gallbladder, which all contribute to the breakdown and absorption of food in the digestive system.

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  • 31. 

    During which stage of mitosis does cytokinesis end?

    • Prophase

    • Interphase

    • Anaphase

    • Telophase

    • Metaphase

    Correct Answer
    A. Telophase
    Explanation
    During telophase, the final stage of mitosis, the nuclear envelope reforms around the separated sister chromatids, forming two new nuclei. At the same time, the cytoplasm divides through a process called cytokinesis, resulting in the formation of two daughter cells. Therefore, cytokinesis ends during telophase.

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  • 32. 

    Which structures are highlighted?

    • Basement Membrane

    • Cilia

    • Goblet Cells

    • Nuclei

    • Microvilli

    Correct Answer
    A. Cilia
    Explanation
    The structures highlighted in the question are Cilia.

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  • 33. 

    What makes up the lateral border of this region?

    • Chin

    • Mandible

    • Sternocleidomastoid Muscles

    • Deltoid Muscle

    Correct Answer
    A. Sternocleidomastoid Muscles
    Explanation
    The lateral border of this region is made up of the sternocleidomastoid muscles. These muscles are located on the sides of the neck and are responsible for various movements of the head and neck. They originate from the sternum and clavicle and insert into the mastoid process of the skull. The sternocleidomastoid muscles play an important role in tilting and rotating the head, as well as assisting in breathing and swallowing.

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  • 34. 

    Identify the epithelium.

    • Simple Squamous

    • Stratified Squamous

    • Pseudostratified Columnar

    • Simple Cuboidal

    • Simple Columnar

    Correct Answer
    A. Simple Cuboidal
    Explanation
    Simple cuboidal epithelium is a type of epithelial tissue that consists of a single layer of cube-shaped cells. These cells have a centrally located nucleus and are specialized for secretion and absorption. They are found in various organs and tissues, such as the kidney tubules, glands, and the lining of the respiratory and digestive tracts. This type of epithelium provides protection, secretion, and absorption functions, depending on its location in the body.

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  • 35. 

    Where does transcription occur?

    • In the Nucleus

    • In the Cytoplasm

    • On Ribosomes

    • In the Golgi Apparatus

    Correct Answer
    A. In the Nucleus
    Explanation
    Transcription, the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template, occurs in the nucleus of a cell. This is where the DNA is located and serves as a blueprint for the production of RNA molecules. Transcription involves the enzyme RNA polymerase, which binds to the DNA and creates a complementary RNA strand. Once the RNA molecule is formed, it can then be transported out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm for further processing and translation. Therefore, the correct answer is "In the Nucleus."

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  • 36. 

    What is the name of the highlighted membrane?

    • (Parietal) Peritoneum

    • Parietal Pleura

    • Mesentery

    • Visceral Peritoneum

    Correct Answer
    A. (Parietal) Peritoneum
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Parietal Peritoneum. The parietal peritoneum is the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the organs within it. It provides protection and support to the organs and helps to keep them in place.

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  • 37. 

    Which of the following is NOT a category of connective tissue?

    • Aerobic Connective Tissue

    • Fluid Connective Tissue

    • Supporting Connective Tissue

    • Connective Tissue Proper

    Correct Answer
    A. Aerobic Connective Tissue
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Aerobic Connective Tissue" because it does not exist as a category of connective tissue. Connective tissue is classified into four main categories: fluid connective tissue (such as blood and lymph), supporting connective tissue (such as bone and cartilage), connective tissue proper (such as loose and dense connective tissue), and specialized connective tissue (such as adipose tissue and blood vessels). "Aerobic Connective Tissue" is not a recognized category in the study of connective tissue.

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  • 38. 

    What is the name of the highlighted membrane?

    • Parietal Pericardium

    • Fibrous Pericardium

    • Pericardial Sac

    • Visceral Pericardium

    Correct Answer
    A. Visceral Pericardium
    Explanation
    The highlighted membrane in the question is called the visceral pericardium. This membrane is the innermost layer of the pericardium, which is the protective sac surrounding the heart. The visceral pericardium is also known as the epicardium and directly covers the surface of the heart. It is made up of a thin layer of connective tissue and provides a smooth surface for the heart to move and function effectively within the pericardial sac.

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  • 39. 

    DNA replication occurs during the G2 Phase.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    DNA replication actually occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle, not the G2 phase. The G2 phase is the period of the cell cycle that follows DNA replication and precedes cell division. During the S phase, the cell's DNA is duplicated, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

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  • 40. 

    Which structure is highlighted?

    • Epidermis

    • Subcutaneous Layer

    • Dermis

    • Hypodermis

    • Sebaceous Layer

    Correct Answer
    A. Dermis
    Explanation
    The highlighted structure is the dermis. This is the layer of skin located between the epidermis (the outermost layer) and the subcutaneous layer (the deepest layer). The dermis contains various components such as blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and sweat glands. It provides support and nourishment to the skin and helps regulate body temperature. The dermis is also responsible for giving the skin its strength and elasticity.

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  • 41. 

    Which type of connective tissue is abundant in walls of arteries, and in the airway?

    • Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

    • Elastic Tissue

    • Dense Regular Connective Tissue

    • Cartilage

    Correct Answer
    A. Elastic Tissue
    Explanation
    Elastic tissue is abundant in the walls of arteries and in the airway. This type of connective tissue contains elastic fibers that allow it to stretch and recoil, providing flexibility and resilience to these structures. The elastic fibers help arteries expand and contract as blood flows through them, and they also help the airway to expand and contract during breathing. Therefore, elastic tissue is the correct answer for this question.

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  • 42. 

    Identify the epithelium.

    • Simple Squamous

    • Simple Columnar

    • Simple Cuboidal

    • Stratified Squamous

    • Pseudostratified Columnar

    Correct Answer
    A. Pseudostratified Columnar
    Explanation
    Telophase is the correct answer because it is the final stage of mitosis. During telophase, the chromosomes have reached opposite poles of the cell and begin to decondense. The nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes, forming two separate nuclei. The spindle fibers disassemble, and cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm, usually begins during this stage. Telophase marks the completion of mitosis and the beginning of the interphase, the resting phase of the cell cycle.

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  • 43. 

    Adipose Connective Tissue is a type of Dense Connective Tissue.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Adipose connective tissue is not a type of dense connective tissue. Dense connective tissue is characterized by tightly packed collagen fibers, while adipose tissue is composed of adipocytes (fat cells) that store energy in the form of fat. Adipose tissue is a specialized type of loose connective tissue that provides insulation, cushioning, and energy storage. Therefore, the statement that adipose connective tissue is a type of dense connective tissue is false.

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  • 44. 

    What is the name of the highlighted region?

    • Vertebral Region

    • Neck

    • Anterior Cervical Triangle

    • Cervical Region

    Correct Answer
    A. Anterior Cervical Triangle
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Anterior Cervical Triangle. The region highlighted in the question is a specific anatomical area in the neck known as the anterior cervical triangle. This triangular area is formed by the borders of certain neck muscles, including the sternocleidomastoid, omohyoid, and midline of the neck. It is an important landmark for identifying structures within the neck, such as the carotid artery, jugular vein, and various lymph nodes.

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  • 45. 

    Identify the epithelium.

    • Stratified Squamous, Non-Keratinized

    • Pseudostratified Columnar

    • Stratified Squamous, Keratinized

    • Stratified Cuboidal

    • Simple Columnar

    Correct Answer
    A. Stratified Cuboidal
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Stratified Cuboidal. This type of epithelium consists of multiple layers of cube-shaped cells. It is typically found in certain ducts and glands, where it provides protection and secretion.

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  • 46. 

    Where is this epithelial type located?

    • Urinary Bladder

    • Oral Cavity

    • Esophagus

    • Trachea

    • Thick Skin

    Correct Answer
    A. Urinary Bladder
    Explanation
    The urinary bladder is lined with a type of epithelial tissue called transitional epithelium. This type of epithelium is found in organs that need to stretch and accommodate changes in volume, such as the urinary bladder. Transitional epithelium is able to change shape and stretch when the bladder is full, allowing it to hold urine. This type of epithelium is not found in the oral cavity, esophagus, trachea, or thick skin.

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  • 47. 

    Reduction is the removal of hydrogen (electrons) from a molecule or atom.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The statement is false because reduction is actually the gain of electrons, not the removal. Reduction involves the addition of hydrogen atoms or electrons to a molecule or atom, resulting in a decrease in oxidation state.

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  • 48. 

    Which molecule listed is most likely to cause osmosis in the body?

    • Oxygen

    • Protein

    • Glucose

    • Sodium Chloride

    Correct Answer
    A. Oxygen
    Explanation
    Oxygen is the molecule most likely to cause osmosis in the body. Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. In the body, oxygen is transported through the bloodstream to cells where it is needed for cellular respiration. Since oxygen is a small molecule and can easily cross cell membranes, it can create a concentration gradient that drives the movement of water molecules through osmosis.

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  • 49. 

    Identify the stage of mitosis.

    • Interphase

    • Prophase

    • Metaphase

    • Telophase

    • Anaphase

    Correct Answer
    A. Metaphase
    Explanation
    Metaphase is the correct answer because it is the stage of mitosis where the chromosomes line up along the equatorial plane of the cell. During metaphase, the spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes and align them in a single file line. This alignment is crucial for the equal distribution of chromosomes to the daughter cells during the subsequent stages of mitosis.

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Stephen Reinbold |PhD (Biological Sciences) |
Biology Instructor
Stephen Reinbold has a PhD in Biological Sciences and a strong passion for teaching. He taught various subjects including General Biology, Environmental Science, Zoology, Genetics, and Anatomy & Physiology at Metropolitan Community College in Kansas City, Missouri, for nearly thirty years. He focused on scientific methodology and student research projects. Now retired, he works part-time as an editor and engages in online activities.

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  • Sep 01, 2024
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