1.
Czar Nicholas II: Sole leader of Russia in 1905. He allowed a legislative body called the Duma to form to help with reform, but he dissolved the group three times because he did not like the direction in which it was going.
Correct Answer
A. Farmer Jones
Explanation
Farmer Jones is the correct answer because the given information does not mention any of the other options (Napoleon, Snowball, or Old Major). The passage only talks about Czar Nicholas II and his actions in Russia in 1905.
2.
Lenin/Marx: Lenin was the leader of a rebel group which took over after Czar Nicholas II abdicated (stepped down). He based his government on the ideas of Marx which included "national ownership." When he died, his body was preserved and put on display.
Correct Answer
D. Old Major
Explanation
Old Major is the correct answer because he is the character in George Orwell's novel "Animal Farm" who represents Karl Marx. Old Major is the wise and respected boar who inspires the other animals to rebel against their human oppressors and establish a society based on equality and collective ownership. His ideas and teachings form the basis for Animalism, the fictional ideology in the novel that parallels Marxism. Old Major's death in the story symbolizes the passing of Marx himself.
3.
Lenin's Propaganda Department
Correct Answer
C. Squealer
Explanation
Squealer is the correct answer because in George Orwell's novel "Animal Farm," Squealer is a pig who serves as the propaganda department for Napoleon, the leader of the farm. Squealer is known for his persuasive abilities and his skill in manipulating the other animals through propaganda. He uses lies, deceit, and manipulation to control the narrative and maintain the power of the ruling class.
4.
KGB: Stalin's secret police who would kill peasants and small landholders who tried to keep the grain they grew.
Correct Answer
A. Dogs
Explanation
The correct answer is "Dogs." In George Orwell's novel "Animal Farm," the dogs represent the KGB, which was Stalin's secret police. They were used to enforce his control and suppress any opposition or rebellion. Similarly, in the book, the dogs are used by Napoleon, the pig who represents Stalin, to intimidate and eliminate any animals who go against his rule. They symbolize the ruthless and violent nature of the KGB and their willingness to kill anyone who defies their authority.
5.
Communism: A political, economic, and social theory that is based on a collectivistic society in which all land and capital are socially owned and political power is exercised by the masses.
Correct Answer
C. Animalism
Explanation
Animalism is the correct answer because it refers to the ideology and system of government depicted in the novel "Animal Farm" by George Orwell. In the story, the animals on Manor Farm rebel against their human owner and establish a society based on the principles of Animalism, which advocate for equality and the collective ownership of resources. Animalism can be seen as a representation of communism, as it shares similar ideas of collective ownership and the elimination of social classes.
6.
Naive working class
Correct Answer
D. Boxer
Explanation
Boxer is the correct answer because in George Orwell's novel "Animal Farm," Boxer is a loyal and hardworking horse who represents the working class. He is portrayed as naive and trusting, always following the principles of Animalism and believing in the ideals of the revolution. Despite his strength and dedication, Boxer is ultimately betrayed and exploited by the pigs in power, symbolizing the exploitation of the working class by the ruling class.
7.
Trotsky: A political rival of Stalin after Lenin's death. He was exiled from Russia, deported, and finally assassinated.
Correct Answer
B. Snowball
Explanation
Snowball is the correct answer because the given information mentions Trotsky as a political rival of Stalin, implying that the question is referring to the characters from George Orwell's novel "Animal Farm" which is an allegory of the Russian Revolution. In the novel, Snowball represents Leon Trotsky, who was also a political rival of Joseph Stalin. Trotsky was eventually exiled and assassinated, just like Snowball is chased off the farm and becomes an enemy of the pigs.
8.
Stalin: Lenin's successor. He did away with anyone who he perceived as a rival. He led Russia to being one of the two greatest economic and military powers in the world. Along the way, he caused millions of deaths.
Correct Answer
B. Napoleon
Explanation
Napoleon is the correct answer because the given information suggests that Napoleon is the leader who succeeded Lenin, did away with rivals, and led Russia to become a major economic and military power. The other options (Farmer Jones, Old Major, and Snowball) do not fit the description provided.