AP Human Geography Agriculture (Rubenstein)
This test is from An Introduction to Human Geography (9th edition) by James M. Rubenstein. This is about the agriculture chapter of the textbook.
NOTE: All textbooks concerning human geography or are related to the course or used for the course of Human Geography are compatible with this textbook by Rubenstein.
WARNING: If you are not taking AP Human Geography, then I would advise you not to take this test because you may not be familiar with many terms or patterns.
- 1.
What does "cultivate" mean?
- A.
To grow
- B.
To care for
- C.
To make money
- D.
To harvest
- E.
To raise animals
Correct Answer
B. To care forExplanation
Pg 329Rate this question:
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- 2.
How were humans surviving before the agricultural revolution? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Growing crops
- B.
Hunting animals
- C.
Planting seeds
- D.
Raising animals
- E.
Gathering crops
Correct Answer(s)
B. Hunting animals
E. Gathering cropsExplanation
Pg 329. Before the agricultural revolution, people did what is known as hunting and gathering.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Hunters and gatherers lived in small groups.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Pg 329. If hunters and gatherers lived in large groups, the resources of the land would not be able to sustain the population.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The __________ hunted game or fished and the ______________ collected berries, nuts, and roots. (Options- men, women) Write the right answers in the correct order separated by a semicolon (;).
Correct Answer
men; womenExplanation
Pg 329Rate this question:
- 5.
There are still hunters and gatherers in the world today.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Pg 329. There are still hunters and gatherers that primarily live in the Arctic and the interior of Africa, Australia, and South America.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What are the two types of cultivation (NOT types of agriculture)? Write the right answers in the correct order separated by a semicolon (;).
Correct Answer
vegetative planting; seed agriculture, seed agriculture; vegetative plantingExplanation
Pg 329Rate this question:
- 7.
Who developed the two types of cultivation? You can either have:
- First and last name OR
- The last name only
Correct Answer
Carl Sauer, SauerExplanation
Pg 329Rate this question:
- 8.
Which of the following is/are the primary hearths of vegetative planting? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Central America
- B.
Northwestern South America
- C.
Sub-Saharan Africa
- D.
West Africa
- E.
Europe
- F.
Middle East
- G.
Southwest Asia
- H.
Southeast Asia
- I.
Oceania
- J.
South Asia
- K.
East Asia
- L.
East Africa
Correct Answer(s)
B. Northwestern South America
D. West Africa
H. Southeast AsiaExplanation
Pg 330 MapRate this question:
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- 9.
What did people in Southeast Asia do before they started practicing vegetative planting?
Correct Answer(s)
fish, fishingExplanation
Pg 329. People in Southeast Asia got food from fishing. This sedentary lifestyle allowed for the people to have more time to accomplish other tasks, such as growing and harvesting crops.Rate this question:
- 10.
Which of the following is/are primary hearths of seed agriculture? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Central America
- B.
Northwestern South America
- C.
Sub-Saharan Africa
- D.
West Africa
- E.
Europe
- F.
Middle East
- G.
Southwest Asia
- H.
Southeast Asia
- I.
Oceania
- J.
South Asia
- K.
East Asia
- L.
East Africa
Correct Answer(s)
A. Central America
B. Northwestern South America
J. South Asia
K. East Asia
L. East AfricaExplanation
Pg 331 MapRate this question:
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- 11.
When was seed agriculture starting to become widely practiced in the Western Hemisphere?
- A.
When agriculture diffused from the hearth in Mexico
- B.
When agriculture diffused from the hearth in South America
- C.
When the Europeans brought agriculture with them from Europe
- D.
When the hearth of seed agriculture rose up in the United States
Correct Answer
C. When the Europeans brought agriculture with them from EuropeExplanation
Pg 330 Agriculture was practiced in North America, but it was not widespread until the Europeans brought their practices over from Europe.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The primary differences between agriculture practices in the world are between those of what two types of regions/countries?
- A.
Africa and Asia
- B.
Northern and Southern Hemispheres
- C.
Eastern and Western Hemispheres
- D.
Land and oceans
- E.
MDCs and LDCs
Correct Answer
E. MDCs and LDCsExplanation
Pg 330Rate this question:
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- 13.
What type of agriculture is practiced to produce food for sale off the farm?
- A.
Commercial
- B.
Subsistence
- C.
Seed
- D.
Vegetative Planting
Correct Answer
A. CommercialExplanation
Pg 330Rate this question:
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- 14.
What type of agriculture is practiced to feed the farmer and the farmer's family?
- A.
Commercial
- B.
Subsistence
- C.
Seed
- D.
Vegetative Planting
Correct Answer
B. SubsistenceExplanation
Pg 330Rate this question:
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- 15.
Farmers in MDCs grow crops and raise animals to sell directly to ____________________. (Check all that apply)
- A.
Consumers
- B.
Food-processing companies
- C.
Markets
- D.
Stores
Correct Answer
B. Food-processing companiesExplanation
Pg 331 Farmers in MDCs grow crops and raise animals to sell them to food-processing companies, who then sell the processed food to the supermarket or store, where consumers purchase them.Rate this question:
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- 16.
There are ____________ percentages of the populations in MDCs that work directly with farming and _____________ percentages of the population of LDCs that work directly with farming. (Place a semicolon (;) and a space between the two terms) (Options-high/low)
Correct Answer
low; highExplanation
Pg 331Rate this question:
- 17.
Farmers in MDCs use what for power? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Human
- B.
Animal
- C.
Machinery
- D.
Hand tools
Correct Answer
C. MachineryExplanation
Pg 332Rate this question:
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- 18.
Farmers in LDCs use what for power? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Human
- B.
Animal
- C.
Machinery
- D.
Hand tools
Correct Answer(s)
A. Human
B. Animal
D. Hand toolsExplanation
Pg 332
Farmers in LDCs can't afford machines, so they must depend on themselves and animals to work the land.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The connection between farming and food-production jobs (such as processing, packaging, storing, distributing, retailing, tractor manufacturing, fertilizer production, and seed distribution) is called __________________________.
Correct Answer(s)
agribusinessExplanation
Pg 333Rate this question:
- 20.
Only 2 percent of the United States' population works directly in the farming business, but around _______% of the population works with agribusiness. (As a number or word)
Correct Answer(s)
20, twentyExplanation
Pg 333Rate this question:
- 21.
Who made the most widely used map that shows regional distribution of subsistence and commercial agriculture? (First and last name OR last name only)
Correct Answer(s)
Derwent Whittlesey, WhittleseyExplanation
Pg 333Rate this question:
- 22.
How many agricultural regions did Whittlesey identify, excluding the region where agriculture was nonexistent? (As a number or word)
Correct Answer(s)
11, elevenExplanation
Pg 333
Five regions are located primarily in LDCs and six regions are located primarily in MDCs.Rate this question:
- 23.
Whittlesey sorted out agricultural practices based upon ________________, because it determined what kind of crop can be grown and whether or not animals are raised.
Correct Answer(s)
climateExplanation
Pg 334
Climate would cause many other factors, which would then cause what kind of crop is grown or whether or not animals are raised.Rate this question:
- 24.
In what kind of a region is shifting cultivation practiced?
- A.
Humid Low-Latitude
- B.
Dry
- C.
Warm Mid-Latitude
- D.
Cold Mid-Latitude
- E.
Polar
- F.
Undifferentiated Highlands
Correct Answer
A. Humid Low-LatitudeExplanation
Pg 335Rate this question:
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- 25.
A region with a humid low-latitude climate would have (high/low) temperatures with (abundant/scarce) rainfall. (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
Correct Answer
high; abundantExplanation
Pg 335Rate this question:
- 26.
Specifically, how do farmers clear the land for shifting cultivation?
- A.
Using machines to cut the trees down
- B.
Mowing the grass
- C.
Cutting the grass
- D.
Slashing the vegetation and burning the debris
Correct Answer
D. Slashing the vegetation and burning the debrisExplanation
Pg 335
This characteristic of shifting cultivation is called slash-and-burn agriculture.Rate this question:
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- 27.
What is the land cleared by slash-and-burn agriculture called?
Correct Answer
swiddenExplanation
Pg 335Rate this question:
- 28.
Which of the following is NOT a reason why fields are abandoned in shifting cultivation?
- A.
Infertile soil
- B.
Nutrient depletion
- C.
Water scarcity
- D.
Rapid weed growth
Correct Answer
C. Water scarcityExplanation
Pg 335Rate this question:
-
- 29.
The Kayapo people of the Amazon plant their crops in what shape?
- A.
Rectangle
- B.
Square
- C.
Circle
- D.
Oval
- E.
Triangle
Correct Answer
C. CircleExplanation
Pg 337
The crops that require the most nutrients are planted on the outer rings. It is on the outer rings that leaves fall on, and the rotting of these leaves releases nutrients into the soil.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Farmers in MDCs grow (one/many) crop(s) over a wide area. Farmers in LDCs grow (one/many) crop(s) over a wide area. (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
Correct Answer
one; manyExplanation
Pg 337
Farmers in MDCs grow one crop in a large area to make money off of that one crop. Farmers in LDCs grow many crops to provide intermingled food for their own family. However, there are some cases where farmers in LDCs will grow certain crops and trade with other farmers to have a variety of food.Rate this question:
- 31.
Shifting cultivation occupies about _________% of the world's land area and about __________% of the world's population. (Both are either numbers or words) (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
Correct Answer
25; 5, twenty five; five, twenty-five; fiveExplanation
Pg 337Rate this question:
- 32.
What is/are the difference(s) between pastoral nomadism and ranching? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Pastoral nomadism is a form of subsistence agriculture whereas ranching is a form of commercial agriculture.
- B.
Nomads kill their animals on the spot whereas ranchers deliver their animals to the butcher to be killed
- C.
Nomads migrate a longer distance with their livestock than ranchers.
- D.
Ranchers raise livestock but nomads grow crops as well as livestock.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Pastoral nomadism is a form of subsistence agriculture whereas ranching is a form of commercial agriculture.
C. Nomads migrate a longer distance with their livestock than ranchers.
D. Ranchers raise livestock but nomads grow crops as well as livestock.Explanation
Pg 338-339, 346-349
Pastoral nomadism is practiced in LDCs and therefore is a form of subsistence agriculture. Ranching is practiced in MDCs and therefore is a form of commercial agriculture.
Nomads do not kill their livestock, because the size of a herd is a sign of power and prestige. However, if animals die, nomads will consume the bodies then. Ranchers sell their animals to the butcher to be killed.
Nomads migrate frequently with their animals. They use the physical characteristics to make their migration patterns, such as following water sources. Nomads practice transhumance, which is the seasonal migration of animals between mountains and low-lying pastures. Ranchers do not migrate; the government of many MDCs, such as the United States, have designated certain areas to ranchers to raise their animals.
Nomads grow crops as well as raising livestock. Usually, the women and children plant crops while the men with the animals wander around the land. Other times, people will be hired to plant crops in exchange for part of the harvest. Other times the group may just stay in one area to grow crops until the soil gets depleted or the climate gets too dry, and the group will migrate to search for food and water.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Wet rice is first planted on (dry/wet) land and then transferred to (dry/wet) land to promote growth. (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
Correct Answer(s)
dry; wetExplanation
Pg 340Rate this question:
- 34.
The process of obtaining two harvests per year from the same field is called ____________________.
Correct Answer(s)
double croppingExplanation
Pg 341Rate this question:
- 35.
What is the most important crop of intensive subsistence farming with wet rice NOT dominant?
Correct Answer(s)
wheatExplanation
Pg 341
In areas where wet rice is not dominant, the winters are too harsh and there is not enough precipitation in the summer.Rate this question:
- 36.
The most distinctive characteristic of fixed crop and livestock farming is that it integrates ________________________.
- A.
Different kinds of crops
- B.
Crops and livestock
- C.
Different kinds of livestock
- D.
Crop rotation
Correct Answer
B. Crops and livestockExplanation
Pg 342
Most crops are fed to animals, whose manure makes the soil fertile to grow better crops.Rate this question:
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- 37.
75% of all income of mixed crop and livestock farmer is from the sale of _______________________.
- A.
Corn
- B.
Animal products
- C.
Cereal grains
- D.
Fruits and vegetables
Correct Answer
B. Animal productsExplanation
Pg 342Rate this question:
-
- 38.
In mixed crop and livestock farming, which crop is grown to be sold to people as oil but mostly to be fed to animals?
Correct Answer
cornExplanation
Pg 342-343Rate this question:
- 39.
On dairy farms, what is grown by farmers and sold to the market? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Milk
- B.
Butter
- C.
Cheese
- D.
Cows
Correct Answer(s)
A. Milk
B. Butter
C. CheeseExplanation
Pg 343
Cows are not sold to the market; instead they are raised and cared for because they provide the farmer with milk, which is then sold and processed to make other dairy products.Rate this question:
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- 40.
What is the area surrounding a city from which milk can be supplied called?
Correct Answer(s)
milkshedExplanation
Pg 343Rate this question:
- 41.
What grass do grain farmers grow the most?
- A.
Corn
- B.
Oats
- C.
Wheat
- D.
Barley
Correct Answer
C. WheatExplanation
Pg 345Rate this question:
-
- 42.
Which country is the largest commercial producer of grain?
- A.
United States
- B.
Canada
- C.
Australia
- D.
China
- E.
India
Correct Answer
A. United StatesExplanation
Pg 345Rate this question:
-
- 43.
What is the present-day machine that reaps, threshes, and cleans in one operation called?
Correct Answer
combineExplanation
Pg 345Rate this question:
- 44.
What animal is raised in ranching in the United States?
Correct Answer
cattleExplanation
Pg 346Rate this question:
- 45.
In which two European countries is ranching common? (Check two)
- A.
France
- B.
Portugal
- C.
Spain
- D.
Germany
- E.
Russia
Correct Answer(s)
B. Portugal
C. SpainExplanation
Pg 348Rate this question:
-
- 46.
Back then, ranching was (over a wide area/in a fixed location). Now, ranching is (over a wide area/in a fixed location). (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
Correct Answer(s)
over a wide area; in a fixed locationExplanation
Pg 348Rate this question:
- 47.
The regions that pratice Mediterranean agriculture have which of the following in common? (Check al that apply)
- A.
Physical environment
- B.
Crop grown
- C.
Borders a sea
- D.
Most on west coast of continents
- E.
All are located around the Mediterranean Sea
Correct Answer(s)
A. pHysical environment
C. Borders a sea
D. Most on west coast of continentsExplanation
Pg 349
Not all regions that practice Mediterranean agriculture grow the same crops. California grows citrus fruits while the areas around the Mediterranean Sea grow grapes and olives.
Not all regions that practice Mediterranean agriculture are located around the Mediterranean Sea. California, South Africa, and Chile practice Mediterranean agriculture.Rate this question:
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- 48.
What are the two most important cash crops grown in regions that practice Mediterranean agriculture? (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
Correct Answer(s)
grapes; olives, olives; grapesExplanation
Pg 349
Grapes are used to make wine and olives are used to make cooking oil.Rate this question:
- 49.
Commercial gardening and fruit farming, also known as truck farming, produce what crops for consumers? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Cereal Grains
- B.
Fruits
- C.
Vegetables
- D.
Flowers
- E.
Rice
Correct Answer(s)
B. Fruits
C. VegetablesExplanation
Pg 349
People who practice commercial gardening and fruit farming produce fruits and vegetables to sell to consumers as fresh produce or processed and canned food.Rate this question:
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- 50.
What is the main reason that dairy farms are in the first ring of the von Thunen model?
- A.
Its heavy weight (hard to transport far)
- B.
Fast perishable time
- C.
Needs lots of space
Correct Answer
B. Fast perishable timeExplanation
Pg 350-351Rate this question:
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