A&p Skeletal System Practice Test
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Perforating canals are
Welcome to the skeletal system practice test, where we will quiz you on all things related to the human skeleton! Let’s get down to the bones of the matter, shall we? Answer all the questions and call yourself a true master of the anatomy and physiology of the skeletal system! If you have learned and practiced the topic well, this See moreA&P - skeletal system, bones, and skeletal system quiz is your best practice platform. You can share the quiz with others also.
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- 2.
What is the first step to healing a fracture?
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Fibrocartilage is slowly replaced with bone osteoclasts, forming a large, knob-like bony callus
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Blood vessels regrow, and near them, new spongy bones form. Areas with fewer vessels fill in with fibrocartilage.
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After the break, a large blood clot, or hematoma forms
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The bony callus is trimmed away by osteoclast, and the bone then resembles its original form
Correct Answer
A. After the break, a large blood clot, or hematoma formsExplanation
After a fracture, a large blood clot, or hematoma, forms. This is the first step to healing a fracture because the blood clot helps to stabilize the broken bone and provides a framework for new tissue to grow. The clot also attracts cells that are responsible for repairing the bone, such as osteoclasts, which remove damaged tissue, and osteoblasts, which build new bone. Therefore, the formation of a blood clot is crucial in initiating the healing process for a fracture.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Bone tissue consists of living _________ (bone cells) and tough, non-living _________ between the cells.
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Osteon/ bony matrix
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Osteocytes/ bony matrix
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Osteoclasts/ bony matrix
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Osteoblasts/ bony matrix
Correct Answer
A. Osteocytes/ bony matrixExplanation
Bone tissue consists of living osteocytes (bone cells) and tough, non-living bony matrix between the cells. The osteocytes are responsible for maintaining the bone tissue and regulating its metabolism, while the bony matrix provides the structural support and strength to the bone. Together, the osteocytes and bony matrix work in harmony to ensure the integrity and functionality of the bone tissue.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following is among the steps of intramembranous bone formation?
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Osteoblasts begin to form spongy bone tissue inside the membrane layers.
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Blood vessels penetrate the spongy tissue.
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Compact bone and periosteum from around the spongy bone
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All of the above
Correct Answer
A. All of the aboveExplanation
During intramembranous bone formation, osteoblasts start to form spongy bone tissue within the membrane layers. This is the initial step in the process. As the bone tissue develops, blood vessels penetrate the spongy tissue, providing oxygen and nutrients to support its growth. Finally, compact bone and periosteum form around the spongy bone, completing the formation of the mature bone structure. Therefore, all of the given options are steps involved in intramembranous bone formation.Rate this question:
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- 5.
In an adult, does the mass of bone change throughout life?
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Both. It changes and stays the same.
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No, it changes
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Yes, it stays about constant throughout life.
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Yes, it stays about constant throughout life.Explanation
Throughout adulthood, the mass of bone generally remains relatively constant. While bone is constantly being broken down and rebuilt, the rate of bone formation and bone resorption are usually balanced, resulting in a stable bone mass. This equilibrium can be influenced by factors such as age, hormonal changes, and lifestyle choices, but in general, the overall mass of bone tends to stay about the same throughout life.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Irregular bones can be found in the vertebrae and wrists.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
Irregular bones are found in the vertebrae and the faceRate this question:
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- 7.
Arthritis is an inflammation of the joints.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Arthritis is a medical condition characterized by the inflammation of joints. Inflammation can cause pain, stiffness, and swelling in the affected joints. This condition can be caused by various factors such as age, injury, autoimmune diseases, or infections. Therefore, it is correct to say that arthritis is an inflammation of the joints.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What type of bones do endochondral bones form?
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Primary
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Flat bones
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Cartilage
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. PrimaryExplanation
Endochondral bones form primary bones in the body, not flat bones or cartilage. The term "endochondral" refers to a specific process of bone development where bones start as cartilage models and eventually become primary bones, such as long bones like the femur, tibia, or humerus, during the endochondral ossification process. Flat bones, on the other hand, typically develop through a different process known as intramembranous ossification, which doesn't involve cartilage as an initial step.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Mark all the symptoms of arthritis.
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Numbness
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Swelling
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Tingling sensation
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Rapid nerve firing
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Pain
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Loss of motion
Correct Answer(s)
A. Swelling
A. Pain
A. Loss of motionExplanation
Arthritis is a condition characterized by inflammation in the joints. Swelling is a common symptom of arthritis, as the inflammation causes fluid buildup in the affected joints. Pain is also a prominent symptom, as the inflammation and damage to the joint tissues can cause discomfort. Loss of motion is another symptom, as the inflammation and damage can restrict the joint's ability to move properly. Numbness, tingling sensation, and rapid nerve firing are not typically associated with arthritis and may indicate other conditions.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Does the exact same bone tissue last a person's entire life?
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No, the specific bone tissue is replaced over time.
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Yes, the specific bone tissue stays the same.
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All of the above
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. No, the specific bone tissue is replaced over time.Explanation
The correct answer is No, the specific bone tissue is replaced over time. This is because bone tissue undergoes a process called remodeling, where old bone is constantly being broken down and replaced with new bone. This process allows bones to adapt to changes in the body and repair any damage or stress that they may undergo. Therefore, the specific bone tissue that exists in a person's body at one point in time will not remain the same throughout their entire life.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Where are round (sesamoid) bones found?
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Ankles, wrist
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Patella, ankles
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Patella, wrist
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Patella, wristExplanation
Round (sesamoid) bones are found in the patella (kneecap) and the wrist.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Ossification is
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The process of reusing old bone tissue
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The process of breaking down old bone tissue
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The process of forming new bone tissue
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None of the above
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All of the above
Correct Answer
A. The process of forming new bone tissueExplanation
Ossification refers to the process of forming new bone tissue. During ossification, specialized cells called osteoblasts produce new bone tissue, which replaces old or damaged bone. This process is crucial for bone growth, repair, and remodeling. It is not the process of reusing or breaking down old bone tissue, nor does it encompass all of the above options.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Mark all the things that can be determined from examining skeletal remains
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Gender
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Birth place
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Race
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Age
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Name
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Height
Correct Answer(s)
A. Gender
A. Race
A. Age
A. HeightExplanation
From examining skeletal remains, gender, race, age, and height can be determined. Gender can be determined by analyzing the pelvic bones and skull features. Race can be determined by examining the skull shape and facial features. Age can be estimated by analyzing the growth plates in the long bones and the wear on the teeth. Height can be estimated by measuring the length of certain bones, such as the femur. However, birth place and name cannot be determined from skeletal remains.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Compact bone is found at long bones' epiphysis.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
Spongy bone is found at long bones' epiphysisRate this question:
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- 15.
What is the function of calcium in bone?
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It makes the bone matrix strong
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It makes the marrow strong
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Both A and B are correct
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. It makes the bone matrix strongExplanation
Calcium plays a crucial role in bone health by contributing to the strength and density of the bone matrix. The bone matrix is composed of collagen fibers and minerals, primarily calcium, which provide structural support to the bone. Calcium helps to mineralize and harden the bone matrix, making it strong and resistant to fractures. Therefore, the correct answer is that calcium makes the bone matrix strong.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What are the steps of the formation of endochondral bone?
- 17.
Which of the following is among the steps of the formation of endochondral bone?
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Ossification occurs in the diaphysis at the primary ossification center.
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The epiphyseal (growth) plates are located between these two ossification centers and are where bone lengthens.
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The bone thickens as compact bone is deposited under the periosteum.
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All of the above
Correct Answer
A. All of the aboveExplanation
The formation of endochondral bone involves multiple steps. Ossification occurs in the diaphysis at the primary ossification center, where bone tissue replaces cartilage. The epiphyseal plates, located between the primary and secondary ossification centers, allow for bone lengthening. Additionally, the bone thickens as compact bone is deposited under the periosteum. Therefore, all of the given statements are correct and are steps involved in the formation of endochondral bone.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Male and female skeletons differ in the shapes of
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Femur and skull
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Sternum and pelvis
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Skull and pelvis
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Skull and pelvisExplanation
Male and female skeletons differ in the shapes of their skull and pelvis. The skull of males tends to be larger and more robust, with more pronounced brow ridges, while the female skull is generally smaller and more delicate. Additionally, the pelvis of females is wider and shallower to accommodate childbirth, while the male pelvis is narrower and more compact. These differences in the shapes of the skull and pelvis are important for identifying the sex of skeletal remains in forensic anthropology.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Bones are the organs of the skeletal system.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Bones are indeed the organs of the skeletal system. They provide support and structure to the body, protect vital organs, and allow for movement. The skeletal system is made up of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons, and it plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's shape and facilitating various bodily functions. Therefore, the statement "Bones are the organs of the skeletal system" is true.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Where can you find long bones? (mark all that apply)
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Hands
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Skull
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Legs
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Arms
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Spine
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Nose
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Fingers
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Feet
Correct Answer(s)
A. Hands
A. Legs
A. Arms
A. FeetExplanation
Long bones can be found in the hands, legs, arms, and feet. These bones are characterized by their elongated shape and are responsible for providing support, mobility, and strength to the body. The hands, legs, arms, and feet contain several long bones such as the metacarpals and phalanges in the hands, femur and tibia in the legs, humerus and ulna in the arms, and metatarsals and phalanges in the feet. The skull, spine, nose, and fingers do not contain long bones.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Different races (African, Asian, European) have different characteristics on their skulls.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Different races have distinct physical characteristics, including differences in skull morphology. These variations can be observed in terms of skull shape, size, and other features. For example, individuals of African, Asian, and European descent may have different proportions, bone structures, and facial features. These differences are a result of genetic and environmental factors that have shaped populations over time. Therefore, the statement that different races have different characteristics on their skulls is true.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?
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Storage of inorganic salts (calcium in bones)
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Makes blood cells
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Movement
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All of the above
Correct Answer
A. All of the aboveExplanation
The skeletal system serves multiple functions. Firstly, it provides support and structure to the body, allowing for movement. Secondly, it stores inorganic salts, particularly calcium, which is essential for various bodily functions. Lastly, the skeletal system plays a role in the production of blood cells through a process called hematopoiesis. Therefore, all of the given options are correct functions of the skeletal system.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Age is determined by the overall condition of bones, the presence or absence of sutures between flat bones and bone marrow, and the condition of the
Correct Answer
growth platesExplanation
Age can be determined by several factors related to the condition of bones. One of these factors is the presence or absence of sutures between flat bones, which can indicate the stage of development and growth. Another factor is the overall condition of bones, which can provide insights into the aging process. However, the most significant factor in determining age is the condition of the growth plates. These plates are responsible for bone growth and development, and their condition can provide valuable information about an individual's age.Rate this question:
- 24.
Several formulas exist for the calculation of height from the length of certain long bones, especially the
Correct Answer
femur, humerus, radiusExplanation
The correct answer is femur, humerus, radius. These are the long bones in the human body that can be used to calculate height. By measuring the length of these bones and using specific formulas, it is possible to estimate a person's height. These bones are commonly used in forensic anthropology and archaeology to determine the height of individuals based on skeletal remains.Rate this question:
- 25.
What is the function of calcium in the rest of the body?
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Calcium is needed in connective tissue - it is important for muscle and nerve function
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Calcium is needed in blood - it is important for muscle and nerve function
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Calcium is needed in blood - it is important for motor and nerve function
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Calcium is needed in blood - it is important for muscle and nerve functionExplanation
Calcium is needed in the blood because it plays a crucial role in muscle and nerve function. Calcium ions are essential for muscle contraction and transmission of nerve impulses. Without sufficient calcium in the blood, these processes would be impaired, leading to muscle weakness and nerve dysfunction. Therefore, calcium is vital for maintaining proper muscle and nerve function in the body.Rate this question:
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- 26.
How do osteocytes regulate blood calcium levels?
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When the blood lacks calcium ions, osteoblasts break down bone tissue to release calcium ions into the bloodstream - when blood calcium ions are too high, your body activates osteoclasts to store excess calcium ions
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When the blood lacks calcium ions, your body activates osteoblasts to store the excess calcium ions - when blood calcium is high, osteoclasts break down bone tissue to release calcium ions into the bloodstream
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When the blood lacks calcium ions, osteoclasts break down bone tissue to release calcium ions into the bloodstream - when blood calcium ions are too high, your body activates osteoblasts to store the excess calcium ions
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. When the blood lacks calcium ions, osteoclasts break down bone tissue to release calcium ions into the bloodstream - when blood calcium ions are too high, your body activates osteoblasts to store the excess calcium ionsExplanation
Osteoclasts break down old bone tissue, and osteoblasts make new bone tissue.Rate this question:
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- 27.
What is the third step for healing a bone fracture?
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Blood vessels regrow, and near them, new spongy bone. Areas with fewer vessels fill in with fibrocartilage.
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After the break, a large blood clot, or hematoma forms
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The bony callus is trimmed away by osteoclast, and the bone then resembles its original form
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Fibrocartilage is slowly replaced by bone osteoblasts, forming a large, knob-like bony callus
Correct Answer
A. Fibrocartilage is slowly replaced by bone osteoblasts, forming a large, knob-like bony callusExplanation
After the break, fibrocartilage forms and is slowly replaced by bone osteoblasts. This process results in the formation of a large, knob-like bony callus.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Spongy bone lowers the _________ of a bone
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Gravity
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Mass
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Density
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. DensityExplanation
Spongy bone lowers the density of a bone. This is because spongy bone is less dense compared to compact bone. Spongy bone consists of a lattice-like structure with open spaces filled with bone marrow, making it lighter and less dense. This helps to reduce the overall weight of the bone while still providing strength and support.Rate this question:
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- 29.
What is the fourth step for healing a bone fracture?
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After the break, a large blood clot, or hematoma forms
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Blood vessels regrow, and near them, new spongy bone. Areas with fewer vessels fill in with fibrocartilage.
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The bony callus is trimmed away by osteoclast, and the bone then resembles its original form
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Fibrocartilage is slowly replaced with bone by osteoblasts, forming a large, knob-like bony callus
Correct Answer
A. The bony callus is trimmed away by osteoclast, and the bone then resembles its original formExplanation
After the bone fracture, fibrocartilage is slowly replaced with bone by osteoblasts, forming a large, knob-like bony callus. In the fourth step, the bony callus is trimmed away by osteoclasts, and the bone then resembles its original form. This step helps to reshape the bone and remove any excess or unnecessary bony callus that may have formed during the healing process.Rate this question:
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- 30.
What do bones consist of?
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Moist, living tissue
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Hard, dry, nonliving structure
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Moist, nonliving structure
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Hard, dry, living tissue
Correct Answer
A. Moist, living tissueExplanation
Bones consist of moist, living tissue because they are made up of cells and contain blood vessels and nerves. The living tissue in bones is responsible for their growth, repair, and remodeling. It also allows bones to be flexible and withstand stress.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The primary role of osteoblasts is to lay down new bone during skeletal development and remodeling.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Osteoblasts are specialized cells responsible for the formation of new bone tissue. They play a crucial role in skeletal development by producing and secreting the proteins and minerals necessary for bone formation. Additionally, osteoblasts are involved in bone remodeling, which is the process of removing old or damaged bone and replacing it with new bone. Therefore, the statement that the primary role of osteoblasts is to lay down new bone during skeletal development and remodeling is true.Rate this question:
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- 32.
What type of tissue does all bone start out as?
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Epithelial
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Connective
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Muscle
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. ConnectiveExplanation
All bone starts out as connective tissue because bones are made up of cells called osteoblasts, which produce the extracellular matrix of bone tissue. This matrix is composed of collagen fibers and a mineralized substance called hydroxyapatite, which gives bones their hardness and strength. As the osteoblasts produce and deposit this matrix, they become surrounded by it and eventually mature into osteocytes, which are the mature bone cells. Therefore, connective tissue is the initial type of tissue from which all bone develops.Rate this question:
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- 33.
What is the second step for healing bone?
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Blood vessels regrow, and near them, new spongy bone forms. Areas with fewer vessels fill in with fibrocartilage.
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The bony callus is trimmed away by osteoclast, and the bone then resembles its original form. Areas with fewer vessels fill in with fibrocartilage.
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After the break, a large blood clot, or hematoma forms
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Fibrocartilage is slowly replaced with bone by osteoblasts, forming a large, knob-like bony callas
Correct Answer
A. Blood vessels regrow, and near them, new spongy bone forms. Areas with fewer vessels fill in with fibrocartilage.Explanation
After a bone break, the second step for healing bone is the regrowth of blood vessels. Near these regrowing blood vessels, new spongy bone forms. In areas where there are fewer vessels, fibrocartilage fills in the gaps. This process helps in the formation of new bone tissue and the eventual restoration of the bone's original form.Rate this question:
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- 34.
The soft spot between the plates of bone, which doesn't fuse until after birth, is called.
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Fontanel
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Frontal
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Periosteum
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Compact bone
Correct Answer
A. FontanelExplanation
The soft spot between the plates of bone, which doesn't fuse until after birth, is called a fontanel. This is a common term used in anatomy to refer to the flexible areas on a baby's skull where the bones have not yet fully developed and fused together. These fontanels allow for the baby's brain to grow and accommodate the rapid brain development that occurs during the early stages of life.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Mark all the factors that affect bone growth
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Nutrition
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Environment
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Hormones
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Physical stress
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Temperature
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All of the above
Correct Answer(s)
A. Nutrition
A. Hormones
A. Physical stressExplanation
The factors that affect bone growth include nutrition, hormones, and physical stress. Nutrition plays a crucial role in providing the necessary nutrients such as calcium, vitamin D, and protein that are essential for bone development. Hormones, such as growth hormone and sex hormones, also play a significant role in bone growth and development. Physical stress, such as weight-bearing activities and exercise, stimulates bone remodeling and increases bone density. Therefore, all of these factors collectively contribute to bone growth.Rate this question:
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- 36.
What type of bone does intramembranous bone form?
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Short
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Long
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Round
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Flat
Correct Answer
A. FlatExplanation
Intramembranous bone formation occurs when bones develop directly from mesenchymal connective tissue, without going through a cartilage stage. This process primarily forms flat bones, such as those found in the skull, clavicle, and sternum. Short, long, and round bones, on the other hand, undergo endochondral ossification, where a cartilage model is first formed and then replaced by bone tissue. Therefore, the correct answer is flat.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Both compact and spongy bones are rigid and provide support.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Both compact and spongy bones are types of bone tissues that make up the skeletal system. They are both rigid and provide support to the body. Compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer of bones, while spongy bone is porous and found in the inner layer. Both types of bone tissue work together to provide strength and support to the body, enabling movement and protecting vital organs. Therefore, the statement that both compact and spongy bones are rigid and provide support is true.Rate this question:
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- 38.
In children, all bones contain red bone marrow.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
In children, all bones contain red bone marrow. This is because red bone marrow is responsible for producing blood cells, and children have a higher need for blood cell production compared to adults. As children grow and develop, their bones are actively growing and remodeling, requiring a constant supply of new blood cells. Therefore, it is true that in children, all bones contain red bone marrow.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Short bones can be found in the wrists and ankles.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Short bones are a type of bone that have a cube-like or round shape, with approximately equal length, width, and thickness. They are typically found in the wrists and ankles, where their compact shape provides stability and support for the joints. Therefore, the statement that short bones can be found in the wrists and ankles is true.Rate this question:
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- 40.
What are the central canal and all the bone tissue it supplies?
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Osteon
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Central canal
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Osteocytes
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Bony matrix
Correct Answer
A. OsteonExplanation
The central canal is a structure found in the osteon, which is the basic unit of compact bone. The central canal contains blood vessels and nerves that supply the bone tissue with nutrients and oxygen. Therefore, the central canal supplies the osteocytes (bone cells) and the bony matrix (the mineralized extracellular matrix of bone) with the necessary resources for their function and maintenance.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Where are flat bones located? (mark all that apply)
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Hips
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Hands
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Shoulders
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Rib cage
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Ankles
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Skull
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Neck
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Jaw
Correct Answer(s)
A. Hips
A. Shoulders
A. Rib cage
A. Skull
A. JawExplanation
Flat bones are located in the hips, shoulders, rib cage, skull, and jaw. These bones are characterized by their flat, thin shape and provide protection and support to vital organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs. They also serve as attachment points for muscles, allowing for movement and stability in the body. The hands, ankles, and neck consist of other types of bones, such as long bones and irregular bones.Rate this question:
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- 42.
What happens to red bone marrow as we grow?
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It remains red bone marrow
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It is converted to yellow bone marrow, which stores carbohydrates
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It is converted to yellow bone marrow, which stores fat
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. It is converted to yellow bone marrow, which stores fatExplanation
As we grow, red bone marrow is gradually converted to yellow bone marrow, which stores fat. This conversion occurs as the body's need for blood cell production decreases with age. Yellow bone marrow contains more fat cells and fewer blood-forming cells compared to red bone marrow. This change is a normal part of the aging process and does not affect the overall function of the bone marrow.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Compound fractures are when the bone breaks through the skin.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Compound fractures, also known as open fractures, occur when the broken bone pierces through the skin. This condition is considered severe and requires immediate medical attention. The bone's exposure to the external environment increases the risk of infection and complicates the healing process. Therefore, it is crucial to accurately identify and treat compound fractures to prevent further damage and promote proper healing.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Do adults still have red bone marrow?
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Yes, in certain long bones
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Yes, in certain flat bones
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No, only children have red bone marrow.
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No, only when they break a bone
Correct Answer
A. Yes, in certain flat bonesExplanation
Adults still have red bone marrow, but it is primarily found in certain flat bones. Red bone marrow is responsible for producing red and white blood cells, as well as platelets. While red bone marrow is more prevalent in children, it does not disappear completely in adults. Instead, it is mostly found in the flat bones such as the sternum, ribs, pelvis, and skull. These bones provide a suitable environment for the production of blood cells. Therefore, the correct answer is "Yes, in certain flat bones."Rate this question:
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- 45.
Central canals are
Correct Answer
VerticalExplanation
Central canals are vertical channels that run through the center of an osteon (a structural unit of compact bone). These canals contain blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue, allowing for the exchange of nutrients and waste products within the bone tissue. The vertical orientation of these canals helps in efficiently distributing these essential resources throughout the bone.Rate this question:
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Jan 10, 2025Quiz Edited by
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