APA Intro - Jumpstart 2011
Quiz to test knowledge of APA style and citation formats. Based on the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Sixth Edition.
- 1.
The Reference section should start on a separate page under the centered heading References (not in bold font). The entries should be alphabetized by first authors' surnames (or by title if works do not list an author) regardless of the type of source (e.g., book, film, journal article, website).
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
APA style rules call for bold font to applied to heading Levels 1-4 WITHIN the body of the paper. According to APA, the title page, the Reference section, and appendices are not within the body of the paper (Strictly speaking, the body of the paper starts with the paper's title on the first page of text, encompassing everything through the last sentence of the concluding paragraph).Rate this question:
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- 2.
Choose the correct reference format for the following source that you retrieved from an online journal: . The Journal of Social Work and Research, 1995, Vol. 68, Issue No. 2, pp. 127-137 ISSN: 1948-CCX DOI:10.1037/swr/127 " Students and the Problem of Entitlement" by Jeffrey T. Swan Dennard Q. Rail Mary N. Bushcombe University of Georgia Note: Per APA, reference entries should set journal titles and volume numbers in italics (e.g., Journal of Social Work and Research, 68) ; however, the quiz-maker software doesn't permit italics in the answer options.
- A.
Swan, J. T., Rail, D. Q., & Bushcombe, M. N. (1995). Students and the problem of entitlement. Journal of Social Work and Research, 68(2), 127-137.
- B.
J. T. Swan, D. Q. Rail, & M. N. Bushcombe. (1995). Students and the problem of entitlement. Journal of Social Work and Research, 68(2), 127-137. ISSN: 1948-CCX doi:10.1037/swr/127
- C.
Bushcombe, M. N., Rail, D. Q., & Swan, J. T. (1995). Students and the problem of entitlement. Journal of Social Work Research, 68(2), 127-137. doi:10.1037/swr/127
- D.
Swan, J. T., Rail, D. Q., & Bushcombe, M. N. (1995). Students and the problem of entitlement. Journal of Social Work and Research, 68(2), 127-137. doi:10.1037/swr/127
Correct Answer
D. Swan, J. T., Rail, D. Q., & Bushcombe, M. N. (1995). Students and the problem of entitlement. Journal of Social Work and Research, 68(2), 127-137. doi:10.1037/swr/127Explanation
Keep authors listed in the order as listed on the title page rather than arranging alphabetically. (Ans.C)
Ans. A is incomplete because it does not include the DOI (digital object identifier) for the electronic journal.
The APA format does not include the ISSN number (Ans. B), which is an identifying number assigned by the Library of Congress.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which choice shows the correct format for the first use of the Jeffrey T. Swan, Dennard Q. Rail, Mary N. Bushcombe (1995) source with the following sentence: . Thus, students' misplaced sense of entitlement interferes with classroom teaching and, ultimately, the quality of education and training that students receive.
- A.
...training that students receive. (Swan, Rail, & Bushcombe, 1995)
- B.
...training that students receive (Swan, Rail, & Bushcombe, 1995).
- C.
...training that students receive (Swan, Rail, and Bushcombe, 1995).
- D.
...training that students receive (Swan, Rail, & Bushcombe, 1993).
Correct Answer
B. ...training that students receive (Swan, Rail, & Bushcombe, 1995).Explanation
Look closely at Ans. A to see that the writer has misplaced the period BEFORE the citation. The correct APA format (Ans. B) places the sentence punctuation AFTER the parenthetical citation to indicate the citation refers to the preceding information. Ans. C uses the correct punctuation but has spelled out and rather than using the ampersand (&), and therefore, does not follow APA style. Ans. D has the incorrect publication year. It is your responsibility as a scholar to ensure that your references contain accurate information, including correct spelling of authors' names, complete titles, and correct publication data.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which choice shows the correct format and APA style for the first use of the Jeffrey T. Swan, Dennard Q. Rail, Mary N. Bushcombe (1995) source in the text of the following sentence: . "... found that students' sense of entitlement led to complaints that course requirements were too burdensome and often interfered with their social commitments.
- A.
Jeffrey Swan, Dennard Rail, and Mary Bushcombe found that students' sense of entitlement led to complaints that course requirements were too burdensome and often interfered with their social commitments (1995).
- B.
Swan, Rail, & Bushcombe (1995) found that students' sense of entitlement led to complaints that course requirements were too burdensome and often interfered with their social commitments.
- C.
Swan, Rail, and Bushcombe (1995) found that students' sense of entitlement led to complaints that course requirements were too burdensome and often interfered with their social commitments.
- D.
Swan, Rail, and Bushcombe (1995) find that students' sense of entitlement led to complaints that course requirements were too burdensome and often interfered with their social commitments.
Correct Answer
C. Swan, Rail, and Bushcombe (1995) found that students' sense of entitlement led to complaints that course requirements were too burdensome and often interfered with their social commitments.Explanation
When using authors' names in the text, APA does not include first names unless needed to distinguish authors with identical initials. Ans. B failed to replace the & with the word and . Ans D used the correct citation format but uses present tense find, rather than past tense found, to refer to the published work.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which choice shows the correct format for the second parenthetical citation of the Jeffrey T. Swan, Dennard Q. Rail, Mary N. Bushcombe (1995) source in a later paragraph in paper, using the following sentence: . In addition, the authors suggested that admissions officers should have frank discussions with applicants that clearly outline what the graduate program demands, expects, and requires of students.
- A.
...demands, expects, and requires of students (Swan, Rail, & Bushcombe, 1995).
- B.
...demands, expects, and requires of students [Swan, Rail, and Buschcombe, 1995].
- C.
...demands, expects, and requires of students (Swan, Rail & Bushcombe).
- D.
...demands, expects, and requires of students. (Swan et al, 1995)
- E.
...demands, expects, and requires of students (Swan et al., 1995).
Correct Answer
E. ...demands, expects, and requires of students (Swan et al., 1995).Explanation
For works with 3-5 authors, the first in-text citation lists all authors; subsequent citations are shortened to the first author plus et al., which is a Latin abbreviation meaning and others. Et is not an abbreviation whereas al. is the abbreviation for alia, and therefore, al. always uses a period.
Answers A, B, and C are incorrect because they did not use the shortened format. In addition, B uses square brackets instead of parentheses.
Answer D is missing the period following the abbreviation al.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which choice shows the correct format for the first in-text citation for the following journal article: (Select all that apply) "An Analysis of Qualitative Data on Sibling Relationships in Immigrant Families Obtained From Parent-Child Interviews Conducted as Part of the Latino Health Assessment Project" by J. K. O'Day, G. T. Cahn, B. B. Flores, P. W. Wrap, G. Dayfield, and A. P. Stele Published in 2009 the Journal of Long Titles, Volume 23, Issue 6, pages 1134-1145 DOI:1010/JLT.34 Springerbok Publishers, 145 Deerfield Plaza, Greenwich, Connecticut, 15432.
- A.
(O'Day, Chan, Flores, Wrap, Dayfield, & Steel, 2009)
- B.
(O'Day, Cahn, Flores, Wrap, Dayfield, and Stele, 2009)
- C.
(O'Day et al., 2009)
- D.
(O'Day and colleagues 2009)
Correct Answer
C. (O'Day et al., 2009)Explanation
According to APA, in-text citations for works with 6 or more authors can be shortened to first author + et al. (abbreviation for "and others) on first use.
Answer A didn't shorten the citation and misspelled the names of two authors (Chan instead of Cahn; Steel instead of Stele). Attention to detail is critical.
In addition to not using the shortened citation format, Answer B used "and" instead of the & symbol. "And" should be spelled out when the authors' names are used in the sentence but parenthetical citations should use the ampersand (&).
Answer D used an inappropriate format for a parenthetical citation; however, the use of "and colleagues" is allowed if the authors' names are used as part of the sentence.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which choice shows a correct reference entry for the following journal article? (Select all that apply) "An Analysis of Qualitative Data on Sibling Relationships in Immigrant Families Obtained From Parent-Child Interviews Conducted as Part of the Latino Health Assessment Project" by J. K. O'Day, G. T. Cahn, B. B. Flores, P. W. Wrap, G. Dayfield, and A. P. Stele. Published in 2009 the Journal of Long Titles, Volume 23, Issue 6, pages 1134-1145. DOI:1010/JLT.34 Springerbok Publishers, 145 Deerfield Plaza, Greenwich, Connecticut, 15432. Note: The quiz format does not permit the use of italics in the answers. Therefore, you will have to ignore the APA requirements for italics in reference formats. However, the full format is explained in the additional comments.
- A.
O'Day, JK Cahn, GT Flores, BB Wrap, PW Dayfield, G & Stele, AP (2009). An Analysis of Qualitative Data on Sibling Relationships in Immigrant Families Obtained From Parent-Child Interviews Conducted as Part of the Latino Health Assessment Project. Journal of Long Titles, Vol. 23, pp. 1134-45: Springerbok.
- B.
O'Day, J. K.,, Cahn, G. T., Flores, B. B., Wrap, P. W., Dayfield, G., & Stele, A. P. (2009).
- C.
O'Day, J. K., Cahn, G. T., Flores, B. B., Wrap, P. W., Dayfield, G., & Stele, A. P. (2009). An analysis of qualitative data on sibling relationships in immigrant families obtained from parent-child interviews conducted as part of the Latino Health Assessment Project. Journal of Long Titles, 23, 1134-1145. doi:1010/JLT.34
- D.
O'Day et al. (2009). An analysis of qualitative data on sibling relationships in immigrant families obtained from parent-child interviews conducted as part of theLatino Health Assessment Project. Journal of Long Titles, 23 (6), 1134-1145. DOI: 1010/jlt.34.
Correct Answer
C. O'Day, J. K., Cahn, G. T., Flores, B. B., Wrap, P. W., Dayfield, G., & Stele, A. P. (2009). An analysis of qualitative data on sibling relationships in immigrant families obtained from parent-child interviews conducted as part of the Latino Health Assessment Project. Journal of Long Titles, 23, 1134-1145. doi:1010/JLT.34Explanation
Ans A is incorrect because it doesn't have correct punctuation for authors' initials and has used headline style caps for the article title.
Ans. B uses the correct format for the author information and year, but is missing the other essential elements of the entry.
Ans. C is the correct format; the article title is in correct sentence style caps with Latino Health Assessment Project capped because it is a proper name. APA format omits the issue number for journals that use continuous pagination throughout a volume. In other words, if Vol. 4, Issue 1 contains pages 1-190, and Vol. 4, Issue 2 contains pages 191 -302, the journal is using continuous pagination. In this quiz example, the high page numbers (i.e., 1134-1145) are a strong clue that the journal is using continuous pagination.
Ans D has two fatal flaws. For works with 7 authors, list all authors. For works with more than 7 authors, list the first 6, insert ... then list the last author. Second flaw: DOI should be lowercase.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Suppose you have written a paper on the mission of social work, which is based on a section of the Code of Ethics adopted by the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) in 2008. The original section from the NASW website appears below. . "The mission of the social work profession is rooted in a set of core values. These core values, embraced by social workers throughout the profession’s history, are the foundation of social work’s unique purpose and perspective: · service · social justice · dignity and worth of the person · importance of human relationships · integrity · competence." Which of the statements in your paper would need to include a citation? (Select all that apply)
- Statement A: The social work profession seeks to ensure the well-being of the most vulnerable among the population.
- Statement B: The National Association of Social Workers (NASW) has established a Code of Ethics that govern practitioners' actions in field.
- Statement C: The Code of Ethics notes that the mission of social work is grounded in six essential values: (a) service, (b) social justice (c) dignity and worth of the person (d) importance of human relationships, (e) integrity, and (f) competence.
- Statement D: According to the NASW Code of Ethics, the misson of all social workers should be based on a set of core principles, including service to others, ensuring social justice and equality, recognizing and ensuring each person's value and dignity, working to preserve the essential worth of human relationships, acting in accord with moral soundness and ethical wholeness, and possessing the skills and knowledge to carry out tasks required for practice.
- A.
Statement A should include a citation.
- B.
Statement B should include a citation.
- C.
Statement C should include a citation.
- D.
Statement D should include a citation.
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer(s)
B. Statement B should include a citation.
C. Statement C should include a citation.
D. Statement D should include a citation.Explanation
Statement A does not need a citation because the information could be considered general knowledge. Although Statement B notes that the Code of Ethics is authored by the NASW, the statement should include a citation that notes the year of the Code that the author has used as a source. Statement C gives specific information that cannot be considered as general knowledge even within the field of social work; therefore, this statement should include a full citation of author and year for the source of this information (i.e., National Association of Social Workers, 2008). In addition, Statement C is a poor paraphrase of the section from the Code of Ethics; an improved revision would place quote marks around the six values. Although Statement D is a paraphrase of the section from the Code of Ethics, the basic thoughts and concepts expressed were derived from a source; therefore, the statement should include a citation giving credit to the word, thoughts, and work of others that has influenced the author's thinking.Rate this question:
- 9.
Which is the correct reference format for the Preamble to the NASW Code of Ethics (see http://www.naswdc.org/pubs/code/code.asp) . --Right click on the link and choose "Open in a new tab" so you can switch from quiz page to the source page-- . Note: The quiz format does not permit the use of italics in the answers. Therefore, you will have to ignore the APA requirements for italics in reference formats. However, the full format is explained in the additional comments.
- A.
National Association of Social Workers. (2008). Code of Ethics: Preamble. Retrieved from http://www.naswdc.org/pubs/code/code.asp
- B.
National Association of Social Workers (NASW). (2008). Code of Ethics: Preamble [On Line]. Retrieved May 12, 2011, from http://www.naswdc.org
- C.
National Association of Social Workers. (2008). Code of Ethics: Preamble. [Electronic version]: Author. Available from http://www.naswdc.org/pubs/code/code.asp
- D.
National Association of Social Workers. (1996/2008). Code of Ethics: Preamble. Retrieved from http://www.naswdc.org/pubs/code/code.asp
Correct Answer
A. National Association of Social Workers. (2008). Code of Ethics: Preamble. Retrieved from http://www.naswdc.org/pubs/code/code.aspExplanation
In the correct answer A, the title of the Web page "Code of Ethics: Preamble" should be set in italics. Answer B has four fatal errors in its format: (a) the NASW abbreviation is not included in the reference entry, (b) when an URL is included in the reference entry it is redundant to include "on line" in square brackets, (c) APA no longer requires the date to be included in the retrieval statement, and (d) whenever possible, the reference entry should give the URL to the exact page, rather than the organization's home page.
Answer C has three fatal format flaws: (a) it is redundant to include [Electronic format] when an URL is included in a reference entry, (b) no need to include "Author"; reference entries for web sites do not include publisher's name or location, and (c) APA requires the use of phrase "Retrieved from" rather than "available at."
Answer D has one fatal flaw -- the dual year. Dual year indicate a work that has been republished without revision.Rate this question:
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- 10.
"According to Erickson (1950, as cited in Hodgeworth, 2001) each of an individual's stages of development (i.e., physical, emotional, or psychological) are related to specific tasks that must be mastered. " . The citation used in the above sentence is a called a secondary-source citation. In this case, the student was citing a passage from the class text written by Hodgeworth (2001) that described Erik Erickson's work that was published in 1950. . This type of citation is acceptable under which of the following circumstances? (Select all that apply)
- A.
The primary source (e.g., Erickson's publication) is not available in a language that the student reads.
- B.
The primary source is not available from the student's university library or interlibrary loan or there will be a substantial delay in obtaining the primary source.
- C.
The student is too lazy to find the primary source and read the original work.
- D.
The only required reading for the course was the textbook; therefore, the instructor has indicated that secondary citations will be allowed.
- E.
When the student is too busy to read the primary source, but recognizes that secondary citations are weak supports and indicate a lack of scholarly rigor.
Correct Answer(s)
A. The primary source (e.g., Erickson's publication) is not available in a language that the student reads.
B. The primary source is not available from the student's university library or interlibrary loan or there will be a substantial delay in obtaining the primary source.
C. The student is too lazy to find the primary source and read the original work.
D. The only required reading for the course was the textbook; therefore, the instructor has indicated that secondary citations will be allowed.
E. When the student is too busy to read the primary source, but recognizes that secondary citations are weak supports and indicate a lack of scholarly rigor.Explanation
All answers are acceptable, but Answers A and B are the reasons that are most widely accepted. Secondary citations are weak supports because you are relying on another person's interpretation of the primary source. Rigorous scholarship demands that you investigate primary sources whenever possible. Moreover, students should seek out the primary sources of seminal works such as Erickson's that have had a substantial influence on the field.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The next questions reference the website http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/medicalresources_lowbirthweight.html . (Right click on the link and choose "Open in a new tab" so you can switch from quiz page to the source page). . You plan to cite the online article on low birth weight several times in your paper. What is the correct in-text citation for the first reference? (Select all that apply)
- A.
(Low Birth Weight, 2008)
- B.
(March of Dimes (MOD), 2010)
- C.
(March of Dimes Foundation, 2008)
- D.
(March of Dimes Foundation [MOD], 2008)
Correct Answer
D. (March of Dimes Foundation [MOD], 2008)Explanation
The correct in-text citation for the first reference would be (March of Dimes Foundation [MOD], 2008). This citation includes the name of the organization (March of Dimes Foundation) and the year of publication (2008) in brackets. The abbreviation [MOD] is used to represent the organization in subsequent citations to the same source.Rate this question:
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- 12.
You decide to quote the March of Dimes' definition of very low birth weight " Very low-birth weight babies (those who weigh less than 3 pounds, 5 ounces or 1,500 grams)," which appears under the Premature Birth bullet point. What is the correct in-text citation for this quote, assuming you have already established MOD as the abbreviation for the March of Dimes? http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/medicalresources_lowbirthweight.html
- A.
(MOD, 2008, Premature Birth)
- B.
(MOD, 2010, Premature birth)
- C.
(Mod, 2008, ¶ 4)
- D.
(MOD, 2008, para. 4)
- E.
(MOD, 2008, line 10)
Correct Answer
D. (MOD, 2008, para. 4)Explanation
The correct in-text citation for the quote would be (MOD, 2008, para. 4) because it follows the standard format of including the abbreviation for the source (MOD), the year of publication (2008), and the specific paragraph number (para. 4) where the quote can be found.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is the correct reference entry for the low birth weight article? . http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/medicalresources_lowbirthweight.html
- A.
March of Dimes. 2008. Low birthweight. March of Dimes Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/medicalresources_lowbirthweight.html
- B.
March of Dimes Foundation. (2008). Medical resources: Low birthweight. Retrieved from http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/medicalresources_lowbirthweight.html
- C.
MOD. (2008). Low birth weight. Retrieved on May 12, 2011, from http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/medicalresources_lowbirthweight.html
- D.
March of Dimes (MOD). (2008). Medical Resources. Low Birth Weight. Retrieved from http://www.marchofdimes.com/
Correct Answer
B. March of Dimes Foundation. (2008). Medical resources: Low birthweight. Retrieved from http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/medicalresources_lowbirthweight.htmlExplanation
The correct reference entry for the low birth weight article is "March of Dimes Foundation. (2008). Medical resources: Low birthweight. Retrieved from http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/medicalresources_lowbirthweight.html."Rate this question:
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- 14.
Your source: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ocs/tribal/qna/liheap.html . (Right click on the link and choose "Open in a new tab" so you can switch from quiz page to the source page) . What organization would you list as the corporate/organization author for this website?
- A.
Department of Health and Human Services
- B.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- C.
Office of Community Services
- D.
Administration for Children and Families
Correct Answer
D. Administration for Children and FamiliesExplanation
Citing websites often requires that you supplement APA rules with some detective work. The principle underlying APA citation formats is "give the reader the information needed to retrieve the source." Along with that principle, keep in mind that links to websites often change between the time a paper is written and when a reader is trying to use the link. Therefore, give the reader the most helpful information to track down the source. U.S.Dept. of Health and Human Services (DHHS) is perhaps too broad to be helpful in tracking down this source authored by a division within DHSS. The Office of Community Services makes sense in the context of the DHHS, but without that context, Office of Community Services could apply to any local community government or home-owners association. In this case, the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) is the corporate author that takes responsibility for the content on the website. You can confirm this "authorship" status by clicking on the Last updated link at the bottom ot the page, which opens a new page that includes ACF's responsibility for the site.Rate this question:
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- 15.
What's the correct in-text citation for this website? http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ocs/tribal/qna/liheap.html
- A.
(U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2011)
- B.
(Administration for Children & Families, n.d.)
- C.
(Administration for Children and Families, 2011)
- D.
(Office of Community Services, n.d.)
Correct Answer
C. (Administration for Children and Families, 2011)Explanation
Many times, online articles will have a publication date or "date posted" that should be used as the publication date in an APA citation. If the article or page does not have separate publication date, use the website's copyright date, “last revised,” or “page last updated” date that can usually be found on the bottom of the Web page. If no date is found, use "n.d." for "no date" in the reference and in-text citations. Example: (Administration for Children and Familiesm, n.d.).
In the example used in the question, the website copyright date is 2011.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What is the page title for your source? http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ocs/tribal/qna/liheap.html
- A.
LIHEAP Frequently Asked Questions
- B.
LIHEAP Frequently Asked Questions: How does the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program benefit Tribes?
- C.
Office of Community Services
- D.
Office of Community Services: LIHEAP Frequently Asked Questions
Correct Answer
A. LIHEAP Frequently Asked QuestionsExplanation
The page title for the given source is "LIHEAP Frequently Asked Questions". This can be inferred from the multiple instances of this phrase in the provided answer. The source is from the Office of Community Services and specifically addresses the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program and its benefits for tribes.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The title of the web page should be set in italics in the reference entry as shown below: . Administration for Children and Families. (2011). LIHEAP frequently asked questions. Retrieved from http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ocs/tribal/qna/liheap.html
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The given statement is true. In APA style, the title of a web page should be set in italics in the reference entry. This is consistent with the example provided, where the title "LIHEAP frequently asked questions" is written in italics.Rate this question:
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- 18.
You are using material from a newspaper article. The article does not list an author, but the article's title is "Budget Cuts Go Beyond the Bone," which was published on page 23 of The Independent, April 28, 2011. Which is the correct in-text citation for this source?
- A.
...reducing services to a lottery that will turn away many of those in need of basic services (not a quote; no citation needed for a paraphrase).
- B.
...reducing services to a lottery that will turn away many of those in need of basic services (Independent, 2011, p. 23).
- C.
...reducing services to a lottery that will turn away many of those in need of basic services ("Budget Cuts, 2011).
- D.
...reducing services to a lottery that will turn away many of those in need of basic services (Anonymous, 2001, p. 23).
Correct Answer
C. ...reducing services to a lottery that will turn away many of those in need of basic services ("Budget Cuts, 2011).Explanation
When a newspaper article doesn't list an author, reduce the title to the fewest words possible that will still allow the reader to easily locate the entry in the reference list. Enclose the shortened title in quote marks, and add year of publication. A specific page number is added to a citation when using a direct quote from the source, but not for a paraphrase.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Your source on young entrepreneurs gives statistics on increasing rates of business ownership among those 18 to 34 years old. The source states, "This trend may dilute corporate pools of promotable junior managers but provide a needed infrastructure for corporate outsourcing" (Keaveney, 2004, p. 102-103). Which of the following is an acceptable paraphrase?
- A.
Increasingly, young adults (i.e., 18 to 34 years old) are establishing their own businesses rather than working their way up the corporate ladder. This increased rate of entrepreneurship has two implications for corporate America: (a) corporations will have a less-rich resource in-house from which to develop managers, and (b) corporations may need to look to subcontracting some work to these entrepreneurs.
- B.
A neccessary infrastructure for corporate outsourcing has been established even though the trend of young adults owning their own businesses is weakening the availability of junior managers, who are potential executives (Keaveney, 2004).
- C.
Companies will not be able to find enough people to hire with junior management skills, so they will have to subcontract much of the work instead (Keaveney, 2004)
- D.
An ever-growing number of young adults (i.e., those 18 to 34 years old) have chosen to create their own businesses rather than tie their lives to the corporate ladder. This increased entrepreneurship has two implications for corporate America: (a) corporations will have fewer highly skilled and talented mid-level employees from which they can select executives, and (b) corporations will need to overcome this "brain drain" by subcontracting with these entrepreneurs for their services (Keaveney, 2004).
- E.
The current fashion of members of the younger generation owning their own businesses might water down the numbers of available potential low-ranking administrators; however, it might also supply a necessary means at a basic level for business to subcontract (Keaveney, 2004).
Correct Answer
D. An ever-growing number of young adults (i.e., those 18 to 34 years old) have chosen to create their own businesses rather than tie their lives to the corporate ladder. This increased entrepreneurship has two implications for corporate America: (a) corporations will have fewer highly skilled and talented mid-level employees from which they can select executives, and (b) corporations will need to overcome this "brain drain" by subcontracting with these entrepreneurs for their services (Keaveney, 2004).Explanation
Answer A would be an acceptable paraphrase IF the source were cited. Paraphrasing without citing the source is plagiarism because you are representing another author's thoughts as your own.
Answer B is NOT an acceptable paraphrase because it duplicates parts of the original without identifying the words or phrases as quotes.
Answer C is NOT an acceptable paraphrase because it is not identical in meaning to the original.
Answer D IS an acceptable paraphrase because it restates Keaveney's ideas using this author's own words AND it credits the original source.
Answer E is NOT an acceptable paraphrase because the syntax follows the original too closely.Rate this question:
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- 20.
In which sentence(s) has the quotation been integrated most successfully?
- A.
Keay (2004) explained that Gen Xers are likely to develop a new management style. "Having rebelled against standard business hours and micromanagement, they might find it difficult to make such demands of their subordinates" (p.102).
- B.
Keay (2004) explained that a new kind of management style will emerge from Gen Xers. They have "rebelled against standard business hours and micromanagement, they might find it difficult to make such demands of their subordinates" (p.102).
- C.
Keay (2004) explained that Gen Xers will develop a new kind of management style because of their attitudes toward traditional work routines and being managed: "Having rebelled against standard business hours and micromanagement, they might find it difficult to make such demands of their subordinates" (p.102).
- D.
Different management styles have emerged as social changes have taken hold. For example, [Gen Xers] "rebelled against standard business hours and micromanagement, they might find it difficult to make such demands of their subordinates" (Keaveney, 2004, p.102).
Correct Answer
C. Keay (2004) explained that Gen Xers will develop a new kind of management style because of their attitudes toward traditional work routines and being managed: "Having rebelled against standard business hours and micromanagement, they might find it difficult to make such demands of their subordinates" (p.102).Explanation
Use quotes as supporting information, not as replacements for doing your own writing. To be used effectively, a quote must be introduced to the text by having the meaning and relevance of the quote stated explicitly. Don't drop "quote bombs" (Answer D) and expect the reader to do the work of deciphering the meaning and relevance of the quote.
Neither Answer A nor Answer B adequately integrates the quote.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Based on the APA style rules, what problem(s) can you identify in the sentence below: . Birch (1998) argues that teens born outside of the U.S. are more likely to adopt conservative family norms. Select all that apply.
- A.
APA mandates use of past tense when referring to published material or prior research.
- B.
Sentence uses informal language (i.e., teens). APA requires formal, precise language such as youth or adolescents, which have be defined by an age range.
- C.
United States must be spelled out when used as a noun; abbreviation U.S. can be used as an adjective such as U.S. population
- D.
Sentence makes half a comparison; study participants were more likely than who to adopt such values?
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer(s)
A. APA mandates use of past tense when referring to published material or prior research.
B. Sentence uses informal language (i.e., teens). APA requires formal, precise language such as youth or adolescents, which have be defined by an age range.
C. United States must be spelled out when used as a noun; abbreviation U.S. can be used as an adjective such as U.S. population
D. Sentence makes half a comparison; study participants were more likely than who to adopt such values?Explanation
The sentence provided has multiple problems based on APA style rules. Firstly, APA mandates the use of past tense when referring to published material or prior research, which is not followed in the sentence. Secondly, the sentence uses informal language by using the term "teens", whereas APA requires the use of formal and precise language such as "youth" or "adolescents", which should also be defined by an age range. Additionally, when referring to the United States, APA requires that it must be spelled out when used as a noun, whereas the abbreviation "U.S." can be used as an adjective, such as "U.S. population". Lastly, the sentence makes a half-comparison, as it states that the study participants were more likely to adopt conservative family norms, but it does not specify who they were more likely than.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The passage below has several problems. Select all that apply. In this study, a sample of 43 urban youth were compared to a similar sample of 44 rural youth. Each of the youth were given a survey to complete and return in a sealed envelope. Follow-up interviews were conducted at either the youth treatment facility or it's community-based outreach clinic. Each of the interviews were conducted by a master's-level social work student and audio recorded for accurate transcription.
- A.
Problem with subject-verb number agreement.
- B.
First sentence should use compared with rather than compared to
- C.
Third sentence has used contraction for it is; needs possessive its
- D.
None of the above, The passage has problems, but not those identified in A, B, or C.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Problem with subject-verb number agreement.
B. First sentence should use compared with rather than compared to
C. Third sentence has used contraction for it is; needs possessive itsExplanation
The correct answer is that there is a problem with subject-verb number agreement. This is because the subject "sample" is singular, but the verb "were" is plural. The verb should be "was" to agree with the singular subject. Additionally, the first sentence should use "compared with" instead of "compared to" to indicate a comparison between the two samples. Lastly, the third sentence has used the contraction "it's" which is incorrect; it should be "its" to show possession.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Identify the writing problem(s) in the following paragraph: The U. S. government defines poverty using an income-based threshold created in the early 1960s, which set the poverty level at 3 times the yearly cost of a basic food budget. Except for adjustments for inflation, it has remained unchanged since it was established despite the fact that today's families spend more on housing, child care, and health care than food. Social service workers spend much of their time trying to help families in need patch together a network of resources to meet their basic needs. Because the level of public assistance has not kept pace with other costs, this means they spend a greater proportion of their income on basic necessities that are not accounted for in the poverty equation. Further, it fails to account for regional differences in costs or receipt of other benefits such as Medicaid and Food Stamps.
- A.
The information is poorly organized
- B.
The author has failed to cite sources
- C.
The author's meaning is not clear because he or she has used too many pronouns with unclear antecedents
- D.
None of the above - the paragraph is correct as written
Correct Answer(s)
A. The information is poorly organized
B. The author has failed to cite sources
C. The author's meaning is not clear because he or she has used too many pronouns with unclear antecedentsExplanation
The paragraph contains multiple writing problems. Firstly, the information is poorly organized as it jumps between different points without clear transitions. Secondly, the author has failed to cite sources, making it difficult to verify the accuracy of the information presented. Lastly, the author's meaning is not clear due to the excessive use of pronouns with unclear antecedents, causing confusion for the reader. These writing problems hinder the overall effectiveness and clarity of the paragraph.Rate this question:
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- 24.
On May 1, 2011, you interviewed Dr. Betsy Bledsoe for your paper on evidence-based practice. You decide to incoporate Dr. Bledsoe's information in your paper as a paraphrase or by using the following direct quote : "...to achieve wider use of evidence-based practice in local agencies, schools of social work need to provide ongoing support to help agency staff translate research into practice." Which of the following shows the correct format for citing your interview?
- A.
"Schools of social work need to provide ongoing support to help agency staff translate research into practice"(add your surname as the person who conducted the interview, May 2011).
- B.
Currently, wider use of evidence-based practice in community agencies is challenged by a lack of resources and support to help staff understand the research implications and apply the findings to work with their specific population (personal communication, B. Bledsoe, May 1, 2011).
- C.
Currently, wider use of evidence-based practice in community agencies is challenged by a lack of resources and support to help staff understand the research implications and apply the findings to work with their specific population (S. E. Bledsoe, personal communication, May 1, 2001).
- D.
Bledsoe said, "to achieve wider use of evidence-based practice in local agencies, schools of social work need to provide ongoing support to help agency staff translate research into practice" (B. Bledsoe, interview, May 1, 2011)
- E.
Bledsoe said, "to achieve wider use of evidence-based practice in local agencies, schools of social work need to provide ongoing support to help agency staff translate research into practice."
Correct Answer
C. Currently, wider use of evidence-based practice in community agencies is challenged by a lack of resources and support to help staff understand the research implications and apply the findings to work with their specific population (S. E. Bledsoe, personal communication, May 1, 2001).Explanation
APA groups formal and informal communication that is not published in the personal communication category, which includes interviews, letters, phone calls, and e-mail. Cite personal communication in the text only. Give the initials and the surname of the person, and provide as exact a date as possible.
Answer A is incorrect because your citation should document your source rather than your name as the interviewer.
Answer B is incorrect because the communicator's initials and surname are listed before the type of communication and date.
Answer C uses the correct format AND uses Dr. Bledsoe correct initials (i.e., Sarah Elizabeth Bledsoe)
Answer D incorrectly uses interview instead of personal communication.
Answer E is incorrect because it not clear that the quote is from an interview.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Identify the problem(s) in the sentence below: . The social information processing (SIP) theory holds that a child's behavior is the result of six overlapping cognitive steps that occur in the following order:(a) encode social cues, (b) mentally representing and interpreting the cues, (c) constructing goals, (d) search for possible responses, (e) making a response decision, (f) enact a behavioral response while monitoring its effect.
- A.
The theory name should be capitalized
- B.
The colon is misused. It would be better to make a second sentence.
- C.
The list of steps lacks parallel structure.
- D.
Nothing - the sentence is correct as written.
Correct Answer
C. The list of steps lacks parallel structure.Explanation
Items in a list must have parallel structure. Usually the easiest way to achieve parallel structure is to use the same verb form to begin each item in the list. Using the SIP example from this question, the list of steps could be revised as follows: (a) encoding cues, (b) interpreting cues, (c) clarifying goals, (d) constructing responses, (e) deciding on a response, and (f) enacting the selected response.
Parallel structure creates a harmony with each item hitting a pleasant note; when parallel structure is lacking, some items will hit sour or off-tune notes.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Identify the APA issue(s) in the following passage: (Select all that apply) An innovative approach to breaking the generational cycle of poverty involves creating Individual Development Accounts (IDAs). Individual Development Accounts are a special type of savings account that match the deposit amounts when the funds are withdrawn to make a qualifying purchase such as: (1) purchasing a home as a primary residence, (2) paying for postsecondary education or job training, or (3) creating a retirement saving account.
- A.
The abbreviation for IDAs should be used to start the second sentence.
- B.
The colon in the second sentence is misused and unnecessary.
- C.
The in-line series should use lowercase letters such as (a), (b), (c) rather than numbers.
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer(s)
A. The abbreviation for IDAs should be used to start the second sentence.
B. The colon in the second sentence is misused and unnecessary.
C. The in-line series should use lowercase letters such as (a), (b), (c) rather than numbers.Explanation
No flip-flopping with abbreviations. According to APA style rules, once you have defined an abbreviation by writing out the full term and placing the abbreviation in parentheses, you must use the abbreviation thereafter. APA allows the use of an abbreviation to start a sentence.
The example shows a common misuse of a colon: Many people are under the false assumption that a colon should be used to start a list. Wrong. A colon must be preceded by an independent clause: In other words, what appears to the left of the colon must be a complete sentence that is capable of standing alone. However, what follows the colon does not have to be an independent clause.
According to APA "in-line seriation" or lists of items that appear within a sentence can be distinguished using lowercase letters enclosed in parentheses. Special rules apply to lists that use numbers or bullet points.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Identify the APA style issue(s) in the following passage: (Select all that apply) Since most graduate students have completed traditional 4-year college programs, professors in graduate schools assume that all students have mastered the skill of academic writing. While a few students are accomplished writers, the Writing Center has found that across disciplines most graduate students struggle unnecessarily with writing because they are either unaware of the writing support that is available or are reluctant to admit that they might need to improve this important professional skill.
- A.
No problem in the passage
- B.
Second sentence is a run-on sentence.
- C.
Words Since and While are misused
- D.
Missing commas in the second sentence
Correct Answer
C. Words Since and While are misusedExplanation
APA limits since and while to temporal terms. Since indicates a time span from one event to another and while indicates two or more simultaneous events. Use although or whereas to indicate contrasting information; use because to indicate reason for or cause.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Writing support for full-time on-campus students attending the UNC School of Social Work can be found from which of the following sources?
- A.
The Writing Resources page on the School's website, under the Current Students tab
- B.
The APA Quick Reference Guide that can be downloaded from the Writing Resources page
- C.
The School's Writing Support Team
- D.
The UNC Writing Center
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "All of the above" because all of the mentioned sources provide writing support for full-time on-campus students attending the UNC School of Social Work. The Writing Resources page on the School's website, under the Current Students tab, offers various writing resources. The APA Quick Reference Guide, which can be downloaded from the Writing Resources page, provides guidance on APA formatting. The School's Writing Support Team is available to assist students with their writing needs. Additionally, the UNC Writing Center offers writing support services to students. Therefore, all of these sources can be utilized by students for writing support.Rate this question:
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Aug 08, 2011Quiz Created by
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