Atomic Structure & Atomic Mass Calculations
Choose or type the answer that best completes each question or prompt.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The diagram below represents carbon-14. What is the mass number of carbon-14?
- A.
6
- B.
14
- C.
8
- D.
20
Correct Answer
B. 14Explanation
The mass number of an atom is the sum of its protons and neutrons. In the given diagram, the number 14 represents the mass number of carbon-14. Therefore, the correct answer is 14.Rate this question:
-
- 2.
The diagram below represents carbon-14. What is the atomic number of carbon-14?
- A.
6
- B.
14
- C.
8
- D.
20
Correct Answer
A. 6Explanation
The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. In the given diagram, the element is carbon, which has an atomic number of 6. Therefore, the atomic number of carbon-14 is 6.Rate this question:
-
- 3.
The diagram below represents carbon-14. How many neutrons are in an atom of carbon-14?
- A.
6
- B.
14
- C.
8
- D.
20
Correct Answer
C. 8Explanation
Carbon-14 is an isotope of carbon, which means it has the same number of protons (6) but a different number of neutrons. The atomic number of carbon is 6, which indicates the number of protons. The atomic mass of carbon-14 is 14, which indicates the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Therefore, to find the number of neutrons in carbon-14, we subtract the number of protons (6) from the atomic mass (14), which gives us 8 neutrons.Rate this question:
-
- 4.
An atom that has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 7 electrons would be considered an oxygen ion.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
An oxygen atom normally has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons, resulting in a neutral charge. However, if an atom loses one electron, it becomes positively charged and is called an ion. In this case, the atom has 7 electrons, which means it has one less electron than a neutral oxygen atom. Therefore, it can be concluded that the atom with 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 7 electrons is an oxygen ion.Rate this question:
-
- 5.
An atom with 9 protons, 10 neutrons, and 9 electrons would be considered an isotope of fluorine.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
An atom with 9 protons, 10 neutrons, and 9 electrons would not be considered an isotope of fluorine. This is because fluorine has an atomic number of 9, which determines the number of protons in its nucleus. In this case, the atom has an extra neutron, which would make it a different element altogether. Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.Rate this question:
-
- 6.
An atom that contains an unequal number of protons and electrons is called a(n)
- A.
Atom
- B.
Molecule
- C.
Isotope
- D.
Ion
Correct Answer
D. IonExplanation
An atom that contains an unequal number of protons and electrons is called an ion. An ion is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons, resulting in a net positive or negative charge. This imbalance in the number of protons and electrons gives the ion its unique properties and reactivity.Rate this question:
-
- 7.
An atom that contains a different number of neutrons than the normally occurring version is called a(n)
- A.
Atom
- B.
Molecule
- C.
Ion
- D.
Isotope
Correct Answer
D. IsotopeExplanation
An atom that contains a different number of neutrons than the normally occurring version is called an isotope. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different atomic masses. This variation in neutrons does not change the overall charge or identity of the atom, but it can affect its stability and other properties. Isotopes play a crucial role in various scientific fields, including radiometric dating, nuclear medicine, and understanding chemical reactions.Rate this question:
-
- 8.
Which type of subatomic particle has a positive charge?
- A.
Proton
- B.
Neutron
- C.
Electron
Correct Answer
A. ProtonExplanation
Protons are subatomic particles that carry a positive charge. They are found in the nucleus of an atom and have a mass approximately equal to that of a neutron. Neutrons, on the other hand, have no charge, while electrons carry a negative charge and orbit the nucleus. Therefore, the correct answer is proton because it is the only subatomic particle mentioned that has a positive charge.Rate this question:
-
- 9.
Which type of subatomic particle has a negative charge?
- A.
Proton
- B.
Neutron
- C.
Electron
Correct Answer
C. ElectronExplanation
Electrons are subatomic particles that have a negative charge. They are found outside the nucleus of an atom and are involved in chemical reactions and the flow of electricity. Protons, on the other hand, have a positive charge, while neutrons have no charge. Therefore, the correct answer is electron.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
Which type of subatomic particle has no charge, meaning it is neutral?
- A.
Proton
- B.
Neutron
- C.
Electron
Correct Answer
B. NeutronExplanation
A neutron is a type of subatomic particle that has no charge, meaning it is neutral. Unlike protons, which have a positive charge, and electrons, which have a negative charge, neutrons do not have any charge. This makes them unique and important in determining the stability and properties of an atom. Neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom, along with protons, and they play a crucial role in holding the nucleus together through the strong nuclear force.Rate this question:
-
- 11.
In the diagram below, what color represents the electrons?
- A.
Blue
- B.
Yellow
- C.
Red
- D.
They are not represented.
Correct Answer
C. RedExplanation
The diagram does not represent the electrons.Rate this question:
-
- 12.
Which subatomic particle determines the identity of an atom? In other words, all atoms of one element will always have the same number of these.
- A.
Proton
- B.
Neutron
- C.
Electron
Correct Answer
A. ProtonExplanation
The correct answer is proton. Protons are subatomic particles that carry a positive charge and are found in the nucleus of an atom. They determine the identity of an atom because the number of protons in an atom's nucleus defines its atomic number, which in turn determines the element that the atom belongs to. All atoms of the same element will have the same number of protons, making it a key factor in identifying the atom's identity.Rate this question:
-
- 13.
Ga-69 has a mass of 68.926 amu and an abundance of 60.10%. Ga-71 has a mass of 70.925 amu and an abundance of 39.90%. What is the weighted average atomic mass of galium? (Type only a numeric answer. Do not include units.)
Correct Answer
69.7, 69.72, 69.724, 69.7236, 69.72360, 69.723601Explanation
The weighted average atomic mass of gallium is calculated by multiplying the mass of each isotope by its abundance, and then summing up the values. For Ga-69, the mass is 68.926 amu and the abundance is 60.10%. For Ga-71, the mass is 70.925 amu and the abundance is 39.90%. Multiplying the mass of Ga-69 by its abundance and the mass of Ga-71 by its abundance, and then adding the results together gives the weighted average atomic mass of gallium. The correct answer options provided are all within the range of possible values for the weighted average atomic mass.Rate this question:
- 14.
Cl-35 has a mass of 34.969 amu and a relative abundance of 75.7%. Cl-37 has a mass of 36.965 amu and a relative abundance of 24.3%. What is the weighted average atomic mass of chlorine? (Type only a numeric answer. Do not include units.)
Correct Answer
35.5, 35.45, 35.454, 35.4540, 35.45403, 35.454028Explanation
The weighted average atomic mass of chlorine is calculated by multiplying the mass of each isotope by its relative abundance and then summing up the results. In this case, the weighted average atomic mass of chlorine can be calculated as follows:
(34.969 amu * 0.757) + (36.965 amu * 0.243) = 35.457 amu
Therefore, the correct answer is 35.457, which is closest to the given options of 35.5, 35.45, 35.454, 35.4540, 35.45403, and 35.454028.Rate this question:
- 15.
Ag-107 has a mass of 106.905 amu and an abundance of 51.84%. Ag-109 has a mass of 108.905 and an abundance of 48.16%. What is the weighted average atomic mass of silver? (Type only a numeric answer. Do not include units.)
Correct Answer
107.9, 107.87, 107.868, 107.8682Explanation
The weighted average atomic mass of silver can be calculated by multiplying the mass of each isotope by its abundance, and then summing up these values. In this case, Ag-107 has a mass of 106.905 amu and an abundance of 51.84%, while Ag-109 has a mass of 108.905 amu and an abundance of 48.16%. By multiplying the mass of Ag-107 by its abundance and the mass of Ag-109 by its abundance, and then summing up these values, we get the weighted average atomic mass of silver.Rate this question:
- 16.
Which particle(s) are found in the nucleus?
- A.
Proton
- B.
Neutron
- C.
Electron
Correct Answer(s)
A. Proton
B. NeutronExplanation
Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom. Protons have a positive charge, while neutrons are neutral. Electrons, on the other hand, are found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus. Therefore, the correct answer is proton and neutron.Rate this question:
-
- 17.
Which particle(s) are located outside the nucleus?
- A.
Proton
- B.
Neutron
- C.
Electron
Correct Answer
C. ElectronExplanation
Electrons are located outside the nucleus. Protons and neutrons are the particles that make up the nucleus of an atom, while electrons orbit around the nucleus in specific energy levels or shells. Electrons are negatively charged and have a much smaller mass compared to protons and neutrons. Their location outside the nucleus allows them to participate in chemical reactions and determine the chemical properties of an atom.Rate this question:
-
Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
-
Current Version
-
Mar 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Nov 15, 2016Quiz Created by
Afua Nti
Back to top