Atoms And The Periodic Table Quiz

Protons have a positive charge because they contain positively charged particles called quarks. These quarks have a positive electric charge, which results in the proton having an overall positive charge.

The first orbital of an atom can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. This is because the first orbital, also known as the 1s orbital, has a spherical shape and can accommodate a maximum of 2 electrons due to its low energy level. The Pauli exclusion principle states that each electron in an atom must have a unique set of quantum numbers, including spin, and therefore, only two electrons with opposite spins can occupy the 1s orbital.

Protons and neutrons have about the same mass in an atom. Protons are positively charged particles located in the nucleus of an atom, while neutrons are neutral particles also found in the nucleus. Both protons and neutrons have a mass of approximately 1 atomic mass unit (AMU), which is about 1.67 x 10^-27 kilograms. Electrons, on the other hand, have a much smaller mass and are located in energy levels or shells surrounding the nucleus. Therefore, the correct answer is Protons and neutrons.

The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons in its nucleus, which is also equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom. Therefore, the statement "The number of protons is the same as the number of electrons which is the same as the atomic number" is correct.

The term we use when talking about the weight (mass) of an atom is an Amu, which stands for atomic mass unit. This unit is commonly used in chemistry and physics to express the mass of atoms and molecules on a very small scale. It is defined as 1/12th the mass of a carbon-12 atom. The atomic mass unit allows scientists to compare the masses of different atoms and calculate molecular weights accurately.

When an atom has 6 electrons in its outer shell, it is considered to be unstable. In order to achieve stability, it will try to gain or take electrons from another element. This is because atoms tend to follow the octet rule, which states that atoms are most stable when their outermost energy level is filled with 8 electrons. By gaining or taking electrons from another element, the atom can achieve a full outer shell and become stable.

The element we are talking about is Boron. This is because Boron has an atomic number of 5, which means it has 5 electrons. The electrons are arranged in energy levels or shells around the nucleus. The first energy level can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, and the second energy level can hold a maximum of 8 electrons. Since there are 2 electrons in the first ring and 3 in the second ring, it matches the electron configuration of Boron.

The correct answer states that there are about 111 elements in the current periodic table, but the person is unsure if a new element has been discovered today as they have not checked Google.

The correct answer is Dalton's atom, Thompson's plum pudding, and then Rutherford's gold foil. This is the correct chronological order of the atomic models discussed. Dalton's atom model was proposed first, followed by Thompson's plum pudding model, and then Rutherford's gold foil experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus.

The full outer shell of an atom refers to when the outermost energy level is completely filled with electrons. This state is known as a stable octet. A stable octet is achieved when there are eight electrons in the outermost energy level, except for hydrogen and helium which only require two electrons to achieve stability. This configuration provides the atom with a balanced charge and makes it less likely to form chemical bonds with other atoms, resulting in a more stable and inert state.