Axis For Behavioral Medicine
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hope this helps for the AXIS part of behavioral medicine
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which of the following is part of the Axis I of the DSMIV?
- A.
Personality disorders
- B.
All disorders except personality disorders and mental retardation
- C.
Mental retardation
- D.
Stressors contributing to diagnostic picture
- E.
Global assessment of functioning
Correct Answer
B. All disorders except personality disorders and mental retardationExplanation
The correct answer is "all disorders except personality disorders and mental retardation." Axis I of the DSM-IV includes all major mental disorders, such as mood disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, and substance use disorders. It does not include personality disorders and mental retardation, which are categorized under Axis II and Axis V, respectively. The other options, including stressors contributing to diagnostic picture and global assessment of functioning, are not part of Axis I.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following is part of the Axis II of the DSMIV?
- A.
Everything besides personality disorders and mental retardation
- B.
Personality disorders and mental retardation
- C.
Global assessment of functioning
- D.
Stressors contributing to diagnostic picture
- E.
General medical conditions
Correct Answer
B. Personality disorders and mental retardationExplanation
Axis II of the DSM-IV is dedicated to personality disorders and mental retardation. It focuses on long-term patterns of behavior and traits that cause significant impairment in functioning. This axis helps clinicians to assess and diagnose individuals with personality disorders and mental retardation, which are considered separate from other mental health conditions. The other options mentioned, such as global assessment of functioning, stressors contributing to diagnostic picture, and general medical conditions, are part of other axes in the DSM-IV.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following is part of the Axis III of the DSMIV?
- A.
Everything except personality disorders and mental retardation
- B.
Personality disorders and mental retardation
- C.
General medical conditions
- D.
Stressors contributing to diagnostic picture
- E.
Global assessment of functioning
Correct Answer
C. General medical conditionsExplanation
Axis III of the DSM-IV includes general medical conditions. This means that it encompasses physical health issues or medical conditions that may be relevant to the individual's mental health diagnosis. It does not include personality disorders and mental retardation, stressors contributing to the diagnostic picture, or the global assessment of functioning.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following is part of the Axis IV of the DSMIV?
- A.
Global assessment of functioning
- B.
Stressors contributing to diagnostic picture
- C.
General medical condition
- D.
Everything but personality disorders and mental retardation
- E.
Personality disorders and mental retardation
Correct Answer
B. Stressors contributing to diagnostic pictureExplanation
Axis IV of the DSM-IV is used to identify psychosocial and environmental problems that may affect the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of a mental disorder. It includes stressors contributing to the diagnostic picture, such as recent life events, ongoing difficulties, and environmental factors that may be exacerbating or maintaining the individual's symptoms. This information helps clinicians understand the context in which the individual's mental health concerns are occurring and can guide treatment planning. The other options listed, such as global assessment of functioning, general medical condition, and personality disorders and mental retardation, are part of different axes in the DSM-IV.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following is part of the Axis V of the DSMIV?
- A.
Global assessment of functioning
- B.
Personality disorders and mental retardation
- C.
General medical condition
- D.
Everything but personality disorders and mental retardation
- E.
Stressors contributing to diagnostic picture
Correct Answer
A. Global assessment of functioningExplanation
Axis V of the DSM-IV refers to the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). The GAF is a numeric scale used by mental health professionals to rate an individual's overall level of functioning. It takes into account psychological, social, and occupational functioning. This rating helps clinicians to assess the severity of a person's mental health condition and to track changes in their functioning over time. The other options listed, such as personality disorders and mental retardation, general medical condition, and stressors contributing to the diagnostic picture, are not specifically part of Axis V.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following medical conditions could potentially cause a personality disorder? (choose all that apply).
- A.
Brain tumor
- B.
Vitamin B12 deficiency
- C.
HIV
- D.
Parkinson's
Correct Answer(s)
A. Brain tumor
B. Vitamin B12 deficiency
C. HIV
D. Parkinson'sExplanation
Brain tumor, vitamin B12 deficiency, HIV, and Parkinson's are all potential medical conditions that could cause a personality disorder. A brain tumor can affect the functioning of the brain and lead to changes in personality. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause neurological symptoms, including mood swings and irritability, which can contribute to the development of a personality disorder. HIV can affect the central nervous system and lead to cognitive and behavioral changes. Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that can cause changes in mood, behavior, and personality.Rate this question:
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- 7.
A physical symptom that cannot be fully explained by any GMC, substance, or another mental disorder is called a _____________ disorder.
- A.
Anxiety
- B.
Mood
- C.
Schizophrenia
- D.
Somatoform
- E.
Substance-related
Correct Answer
D. SomatoformExplanation
A physical symptom that cannot be fully explained by any GMC, substance, or another mental disorder is called a somatoform disorder. This type of disorder is characterized by physical symptoms that have no clear medical cause. Individuals with somatoform disorders often experience distress and impairment due to their symptoms, but medical tests and evaluations do not reveal any underlying medical condition. Somatoform disorders are believed to be influenced by psychological factors and may be related to unresolved emotional conflicts or stress.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What type of disorder includes physical/psychological symptoms that are intentionally produced or feigned, such as needing to assume the sick role?
- A.
Somatoform
- B.
Schizophrenia
- C.
Factitious
- D.
Substance-related
- E.
Anxiety
Correct Answer
C. FactitiousExplanation
Factitious disorder is a type of disorder that includes physical/psychological symptoms that are intentionally produced or feigned. People with this disorder may pretend to be sick or intentionally cause symptoms in order to assume the sick role and receive attention or sympathy. This behavior is not driven by any external rewards, but rather by an internal need for attention and validation. Factitious disorder is different from somatoform disorder, schizophrenia, substance-related disorders, and anxiety disorders, as it specifically involves intentional deception regarding symptoms.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What disorder is classified as a disruption in integrity of consciousness, memory, identity, and perception of the environment?
- A.
Somatoform
- B.
Schizophrenia
- C.
Dissociative
- D.
Anxiety
- E.
Factitious
Correct Answer
C. DissociativeExplanation
Dissociative disorder is classified as a disruption in integrity of consciousness, memory, identity, and perception of the environment. This disorder is characterized by a detachment from reality and a disconnection between thoughts, emotions, and actions. People with dissociative disorders may experience memory loss, identity confusion, and a sense of being outside of their own bodies. This disruption in consciousness and perception can significantly impact daily functioning and quality of life.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following terms defines difficulty around sleep?
- A.
Dyssomnias
- B.
Parasomnias
- C.
Hypersomnias
- D.
Hyposomnias
- E.
Circumsomnias
Correct Answer
B. ParasomniasExplanation
Parasomnias refer to a group of sleep disorders that involve abnormal behaviors, movements, emotions, perceptions, and dreams during sleep. These disorders can disrupt the normal sleep pattern and cause difficulty in falling asleep, staying asleep, or achieving restful sleep. Some examples of parasomnias include sleepwalking, sleep talking, nightmares, night terrors, and REM sleep behavior disorder. Therefore, parasomnias accurately define difficulty around sleep.Rate this question:
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- 11.
True or false. Impulse control disorders can be easily defined as a grab bag of disorders with impulsivity.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because impulse control disorders can indeed be defined as a grab bag of disorders with impulsivity. These disorders involve difficulties in resisting urges or impulses that may lead to harmful consequences. They can manifest in various ways, such as gambling addiction, kleptomania, or intermittent explosive disorder. The term "grab bag" suggests that these disorders are diverse and encompass a range of impulsive behaviors.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What is the only DSM class that is grouped based on common etiology?
- A.
Somatoform disorders
- B.
Sexual and Gender Identity disorders
- C.
Factitious disorders
- D.
Adjustment disorders
- E.
Dissociative disorders
Correct Answer
D. Adjustment disordersExplanation
Adjustment disorders are the only DSM class that is grouped based on common etiology. These disorders are characterized by emotional or behavioral symptoms that develop in response to a stressful life event or a significant life change. The symptoms usually occur within three months of the event and are out of proportion to the stressor. This classification is based on the understanding that adjustment disorders arise from the same underlying cause, which is an inability to cope effectively with a specific stressor.Rate this question:
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- 13.
True or false. An adjustment disorder is a response to an identifiable depression in excess of what would be expected.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Adjustment disorders are a response to identifiable stressor in excess of what would be expected.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The following definition defines what disorder: enduring patterns of inner experience and behavior that deviate markedly from cultural norms.
- A.
Dissociative disorders
- B.
Personality disorders
- C.
Adjustment disorders
- D.
Sleep disorders
Correct Answer
B. Personality disordersExplanation
Personality disorders are defined as enduring patterns of inner experience and behavior that deviate markedly from cultural norms. This means that individuals with personality disorders consistently exhibit behaviors and thoughts that are significantly different from what is considered normal or acceptable in their culture. This can result in difficulties in social and personal functioning. Dissociative disorders involve disruptions in memory, identity, and consciousness, adjustment disorders involve emotional and behavioral reactions to stressful events, and sleep disorders involve disturbances in sleep patterns.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a physiologic panic disorder?
- A.
Panic attacks
- B.
Hyper-arousal
- C.
Fight-or-flight
- D.
Excess worry
Correct Answer
D. Excess worryExplanation
Excess worry is not an example of a physiologic panic disorder because it primarily involves cognitive and psychological symptoms rather than the physiological symptoms typically associated with panic attacks. Physiologic panic disorder is characterized by sudden and intense episodes of fear or panic, accompanied by physical symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, and sweating. While excessive worry can be a symptom of anxiety disorders, it does not specifically fit the criteria for a physiologic panic disorder.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a psychological anxiety disorders?
- A.
Excess worry
- B.
Fear
- C.
Apprehension
- D.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- E.
Panic attacks
Correct Answer
E. Panic attacksExplanation
Panic attacks are not an example of a psychological anxiety disorder because they are actually a symptom of various anxiety disorders, such as panic disorder or social anxiety disorder. While panic attacks are characterized by sudden and intense feelings of fear and distress, they are not considered a distinct anxiety disorder on their own. Instead, they are a manifestation of the underlying anxiety disorder.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What is the terrm for fixed false beliefs, not culturally sanctioned?
- A.
Deception
- B.
Jealousy
- C.
Psychosis
- D.
Delusions
- E.
Somatoform
Correct Answer
D. DelusionsExplanation
Delusions are fixed false beliefs that are not culturally sanctioned. They are characterized by holding onto irrational or unfounded beliefs despite evidence to the contrary. Delusions can be symptoms of various mental disorders, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Unlike culturally sanctioned beliefs, which are accepted and shared by a specific culture or society, delusions are not based on commonly accepted norms or values. Therefore, delusions are the correct answer in this context.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What is also called "the great mimicker?"
- A.
Dissociative disorders
- B.
Mood disorders
- C.
Substance use disorders
- D.
Anxiety disorders
Correct Answer
C. Substance use disordersExplanation
Substance use disorders are often referred to as "the great mimicker" because they can mimic the symptoms of other mental health disorders. This is because the use of substances can lead to changes in mood, behavior, and cognitive functioning, which can resemble symptoms of mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and even dissociative disorders. Additionally, substance use can exacerbate or mask underlying mental health conditions, making it difficult to accurately diagnose and treat these disorders.Rate this question:
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- 19.
True or false. the past is the best predictor of the future.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement "the past is the best predictor of the future" suggests that events or patterns that have occurred in the past are the most reliable indicators of what will happen in the future. This is based on the assumption that history tends to repeat itself and that past trends and behaviors can provide valuable insights into future outcomes. However, it is important to note that this statement is not always true, as external factors, changing circumstances, and unpredictable events can also significantly influence future outcomes.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following needs to be considered when doing a psych evaluation?
- A.
CNS pathology
- B.
Endocrine dysfunction
- C.
Reproductive history
- D.
A & B
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
When conducting a psych evaluation, it is important to consider various factors that can influence a person's mental health. CNS pathology refers to any disorders or abnormalities in the central nervous system, which can have a significant impact on a person's psychological well-being. Endocrine dysfunction refers to imbalances or disorders in the hormonal system, which can also affect mental health. Additionally, a person's reproductive history, including any past pregnancies or hormonal changes, can contribute to psychological symptoms. Therefore, all of these factors need to be taken into account during a psych evaluation.Rate this question:
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- 21.
True or false. drug induced movement disorders are common with antipsychotics.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Drug-induced movement disorders are a known side effect of antipsychotic medications. These movement disorders can include symptoms such as tremors, muscle stiffness, restlessness, and abnormal involuntary movements. The prevalence of these disorders varies depending on the specific antipsychotic used, the dosage, and individual patient factors. However, it is generally accepted that drug-induced movement disorders are relatively common with antipsychotic use.Rate this question:
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- 22.
If a person avoids the awareness of some painful aspect of reality by negating sensory data, this is called:
- A.
Repression
- B.
Suppression
- C.
Denial
- D.
Displacement
Correct Answer
C. DenialExplanation
Denial refers to the act of avoiding or rejecting the awareness of a painful aspect of reality by negating sensory data. It is a defense mechanism where individuals refuse to accept or acknowledge a certain truth or situation. This can be a subconscious way of protecting oneself from emotional distress or anxiety. Unlike repression, which involves unconsciously pushing unwanted thoughts or memories out of awareness, denial is a conscious choice to ignore or negate the reality of a situation. Suppression involves intentionally pushing unwanted thoughts or feelings out of awareness, while displacement refers to redirecting one's emotions or impulses onto a less threatening target.Rate this question:
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- 23.
If a pt redirects an unacceptable impulse into an acceptable one, this is called:
- A.
Repression
- B.
Displacement
- C.
Reaction formation
- D.
Sublimation
Correct Answer
D. SublimationExplanation
Sublimation is a psychological defense mechanism where an individual redirects unacceptable impulses or emotions into more socially acceptable behaviors or activities. This allows the person to express their desires or emotions in a way that is considered appropriate by society. In this case, if a patient redirects an unacceptable impulse into an acceptable one, it would be classified as sublimation.Rate this question:
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- 24.
A pt tells you that the last time they wore green a pigeon crapped on them, so the next time they wear green a pigeon will do it again. This is an example of what?
- A.
Denial
- B.
Sublimation
- C.
Assuming temporal causality
- D.
Self references
Correct Answer
C. Assuming temporal causalityExplanation
This scenario demonstrates the assumption of temporal causality, which means the belief that events in the past will have a causal effect on future events. The person believes that because a pigeon crapped on them the last time they wore green, it will happen again in the future when they wear green. This assumption is based on the idea that there is a cause-and-effect relationship between wearing green and the pigeon's behavior.Rate this question:
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- 25.
A female pt comes into your office stating that nurses steal narcotics from the PIXIS because she knows a nurse that steals narcotics. This is an example of:
- A.
Catastrophizing
- B.
Self references
- C.
Dichotomous thinking
- D.
Overgeneralizing
Correct Answer
D. OvergeneralizingExplanation
Overgeneralizing refers to the tendency of drawing broad conclusions or making generalizations based on limited evidence or a single instance. In this scenario, the female patient is assuming that all nurses steal narcotics from the PIXIS based on her knowledge of one nurse who engages in such behavior. She is making a generalization about all nurses without considering the individual differences and behaviors of other nurses. This type of thinking can lead to stereotypes and unfair judgments.Rate this question:
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- 26.
An 18 yr old female recently failed her math final, but states that she wasn't wearing her lucky ring, her bus was late, and the sky was overcast so really it wasn't her fault that she failed. This is an example of:
- A.
Dichotomous thinking
- B.
Overgeneralizing
- C.
Intellectualization
- D.
Catastrophizing
Correct Answer
C. IntellectualizationExplanation
This scenario is an example of intellectualization. The individual is using intellectualization as a defense mechanism to distance themselves from their failure and avoid taking responsibility for it. They are rationalizing their failure by attributing it to external factors such as not wearing their lucky ring, the bus being late, and the sky being overcast. By focusing on these external factors, they are avoiding confronting their own role in the situation and the possibility that they may have contributed to their failure.Rate this question:
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- 27.
A female college student comes in to see you. She is very bothered and says that everyone is always watching her and she constantly feels like the center of attention, especially when she does something embarrassing. The reality is that she goes to ASU with 80,000 other students who are usually hungover and stoned. What is this girl suffering from?
- A.
Dichotomous thinking
- B.
Assuming temporal causality
- C.
Self-references
- D.
Selective abstraction
Correct Answer
C. Self-referencesExplanation
The girl is suffering from self-references. She believes that everyone is always watching her and that she is constantly the center of attention, even though the reality is that she is just one of many students at ASU. This suggests that she is excessively focused on herself and assumes that others are as well, leading to feelings of being constantly observed and judged.Rate this question:
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- 28.
A male pt comes into your office slouched over and weary eyed. He explains that his wife left him, his dog was hit by a bus, his son dropped out of school to be a circus clown and the stock market crashed. The pt states that "it's all his fault." What is this an example of?
- A.
Overgeneralizing
- B.
Selective abstraction
- C.
Excessive responsibility
- D.
Catastrophizing
Correct Answer
C. Excessive responsibilityExplanation
This is an example of excessive responsibility because the patient is taking on the blame for all the negative events that have occurred in his life. He believes that everything is his fault, even though there are likely other factors at play. This type of thinking can lead to feelings of guilt, shame, and a sense of being overwhelmed.Rate this question:
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- 29.
A woman comes in to see you and appears very distressed. She states that her teenage kids hate her because of her recent behavior. She says she has very strict rules because she knows if she loosens up they will overdose on heroin, accidentally drive their cars into the grand canyon, and become pregnant with octuplets thus shaming the family name. What is this an example of?
- A.
Overgeneralizing
- B.
Excessive responsibility
- C.
Catastrophizing
- D.
Assuming temporal causality
Correct Answer
C. CatastropHizingExplanation
This is an example of catastrophizing because the woman is exaggerating the potential negative outcomes of her children's behavior. She is assuming that if she loosens up on her rules, they will engage in extremely dangerous and destructive activities.Rate this question:
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- 30.
A college male comes into see you. He states that yesterday he was madly in love, like "write a song in the stars" love-because he took this awesome girl on a first date. However, today he is furious and absolutely hates this girl for not texting him back He has already found an apartment on the opposite coast of the country because he never wants to see her again. This is an example of:
- A.
Heartbreak
- B.
A sane individual
- C.
Selective abstraction
- D.
Dichotomous thinking
- E.
Overgeneralizing
Correct Answer
D. Dichotomous thinkingExplanation
The given scenario describes the college male's extreme shift in emotions from being madly in love to hating the girl for not texting him back. This sudden change in thinking, going from extreme love to extreme hate, without considering any middle ground or alternative possibilities, is an example of dichotomous thinking. The individual is viewing the situation in black and white terms, without considering any nuances or gray areas.Rate this question:
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- 31.
A pt intentionally represses unpleasant cognitive material. This is called:
- A.
Repression
- B.
Displacement
- C.
Suppression
- D.
Isolation of affect
Correct Answer
C. SuppressionExplanation
Suppression refers to the intentional act of pushing down or restraining unpleasant thoughts, emotions, or memories. Unlike repression, which operates unconsciously, suppression is a conscious effort to avoid or ignore certain cognitive material. This distinction is important because repression involves the unconscious blocking of unwanted thoughts or memories, while suppression involves a deliberate decision to not think about or acknowledge them. Therefore, suppression is the correct answer in this case.Rate this question:
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- 32.
A pt explains a dreadful situation with dispassionate details in a flat unaffected manner. This is an example of:
- A.
Projection
- B.
Repression
- C.
Isolation of affect
- D.
Suppression
- E.
Selective abstraction
Correct Answer
C. Isolation of affectExplanation
The given correct answer, isolation of affect, refers to the psychological defense mechanism where a person presents a distressing situation or emotion in a detached and unemotional manner. In this case, the individual describes the dreadful situation with dispassionate details and in a flat unaffected manner, indicating a lack of emotional response or connection to the situation. This defense mechanism allows the person to distance themselves emotionally from the situation, possibly as a way to cope or protect themselves from the overwhelming emotions associated with it.Rate this question:
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- 33.
If a person uses an acceptable explanation for a feeling or behavior in order to camouflage the unacceptable underlying motive (example: I had to drink all the bud light lime because my fridge broke)-is an example of what?
- A.
Rationalization
- B.
Repression
- C.
Catastrophizing
- D.
Humor
Correct Answer
A. RationalizationExplanation
Rationalization is the correct answer because it involves justifying or explaining one's actions or feelings in a way that makes them seem more acceptable or reasonable. In the given example, the person is using the excuse of their broken fridge to rationalize their excessive drinking of Bud Light Lime. By attributing their behavior to an external circumstance, they are trying to hide the true motive behind their actions, which may be the desire to drink excessively.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Putting an unacceptable or anxiety-provoking stimulus "out there" so it is not on oneself is an example of:
- A.
Displacement
- B.
Projection
- C.
Intellectualization
- D.
Repression
- E.
Childish
Correct Answer
B. ProjectionExplanation
Projection is a defense mechanism where individuals attribute their own undesirable thoughts, feelings, or impulses onto others. In this case, putting an unacceptable or anxiety-provoking stimulus "out there" so it is not on oneself is an example of projection. This defense mechanism allows individuals to avoid facing their own uncomfortable emotions by attributing them to someone else.Rate this question:
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Jul 26, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Oct 04, 2009Quiz Created by
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