Bentley Ch. 14 Test Empire In East Asia
East Asian history encompasses the histories of China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan. These countries had different empires, some brought peace in the countries where as other were all about war and conquering others. Take this Bentley chapter 14 tests on the empires of East Asia and see how much you can recall.
- 1.
Along with China, what other two empires are considered the anchors of the postclassical world?
- A.
Rome and Greece
- B.
Rome and the Carolingian Empire
- C.
Byzantium and the Abbasid Empire
- D.
The Umayyad Empire and the Abbasid Empire
Correct Answer
C. Byzantium and the Abbasid EmpireExplanation
Byzantium and the Abbasid Empire are considered the anchors of the postclassical world because they were two of the most powerful and influential empires during this time period. Byzantium, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, preserved many aspects of classical Roman culture and served as a center of trade and learning. The Abbasid Empire, on the other hand, was a major Islamic empire that promoted scientific, cultural, and intellectual advancements. Together, these two empires played a significant role in shaping the political, economic, and cultural landscape of the postclassical world.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The nomads from the north of China proved the greatest threat to the demise of which Chinese dynasty?
- A.
Sui
- B.
Tang
- C.
Song
- D.
Ming
Correct Answer
C. SongExplanation
The nomads from the north of China posed the greatest threat to the Song dynasty. The Song dynasty faced constant invasions from various nomadic groups, such as the Khitan, Jurchen, and Mongols. These nomads were skilled horseback riders and warriors, making them formidable opponents for the Song dynasty. The constant warfare and pressure from the nomads eventually led to the downfall of the Song dynasty in 1279, when they were conquered by the Mongols.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Why was the Grand Canal such an essential part of China's economic health?
- A.
It helped to stop flooding of the Hwang He and therefore allow for more food production
- B.
It was a practical and economic way to transport foods like rice from the Yangzi River valley to residents of northern regions
- C.
It allowed otherwise unemployed Chinese laborers to earn a living wage and support their families
- D.
It allowed luxury goods to move quickly to port markets on the Yellow Sea
Correct Answer
B. It was a practical and economic way to transport foods like rice from the Yangzi River valley to residents of northern regionsExplanation
The Grand Canal was an essential part of China's economic health because it provided a practical and economic means of transporting food, such as rice, from the Yangzi River valley to the northern regions. This allowed for a more efficient distribution of food and helped to support the overall food production and supply in the country.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The maintenance of transportation and communication networks, the distribution of land according to the equal-field system, and the reliance on a bureaucracy of merit are all reasons which of the following dynasties succeeded?
- A.
Shang
- B.
Zhou
- C.
Sui
- D.
Tang
Correct Answer
D. TangExplanation
The Tang dynasty succeeded due to the maintenance of transportation and communication networks, the distribution of land according to the equal-field system, and the reliance on a bureaucracy of merit. These factors allowed for efficient governance, effective administration, and equitable distribution of resources, which contributed to the stability and success of the Tang dynasty.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Why did the Chinese continue to use block printing rather than move toward using moveable type developed during the eleventh century?
- A.
Printing was considered an art form and tradition dictated that methods should not change
- B.
Block printing was part of the Daoist concept of yin an dyang; to change it was to destroy the necessary balance in the universe
- C.
Chinese written language is based on more than 40,000 characters, so moving individual ideographs within each document was too time consuming
- D.
The aesthetics of block printing far surpass those of moveable type
Correct Answer
C. Chinese written language is based on more than 40,000 characters, so moving individual ideograpHs within each document was too time consumingExplanation
The Chinese continued to use block printing rather than moveable type because the Chinese written language is based on more than 40,000 characters, making it too time-consuming to move individual ideographs within each document.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Why was Buddhism especially supportive of printing technology?
- A.
Buddhists saw a strong economic potential in the sacred book market
- B.
Buddhism was fighting with Christianity for converts and saw pamphlets and flyers as a way to attract followers
- C.
Buddhism supported printing because it provided jobs for monks who otherwise could not earn a living
- D.
Buddhism favored the adoption of printing because copying and distribution of sacred text was considered a highly meritorious act
Correct Answer
D. Buddhism favored the adoption of printing because copying and distribution of sacred text was considered a highly meritorious actExplanation
Buddhism favored the adoption of printing because copying and distribution of sacred text was considered a highly meritorious act. Printing technology allowed for the mass production and dissemination of sacred texts, making it easier for Buddhists to fulfill their religious duty of spreading the teachings. This also ensured that the sacred texts were more widely accessible to the general public, further promoting the growth and influence of Buddhism.Rate this question:
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- 7.
How did the fall of the Han dynasty encourage the introduction of new, non-Chinese religions into China?
- A.
With the revocation of the Mandate of Heaven, there was no institution to stop the spread of alien religions
- B.
The last Han emperor had been interested in religions of salvation and so introduced the ideas to the bureaucrats and it filtered down to Chinese citizens
- C.
The Confucian tradition lost credibility after the fall of the Han, and the era of warlords and nomadic invaders promoted the spread of foreign religions into China
- D.
The Han dynasty had actively sought to eradicate Buddhist monasteries from China, and with its demise the Buddhists saw an open door into China's elite society
Correct Answer
C. The Confucian tradition lost credibility after the fall of the Han, and the era of warlords and nomadic invaders promoted the spread of foreign religions into ChinaExplanation
After the fall of the Han dynasty, the Confucian tradition lost its credibility. This loss of credibility created a void in the religious and philosophical landscape of China, which allowed for the introduction of new, non-Chinese religions. Additionally, the era of warlords and nomadic invaders further facilitated the spread of foreign religions into China. The political instability and cultural changes brought about by these external forces provided an opportunity for different religious beliefs and practices to enter Chinese society.Rate this question:
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- 8.
In the eleventh century, why did the Chinese government choose to restrict the private production of paper money and assume it as a duty of government?
- A.
The Chinese government did not like paper money and hoped they could stamp it out by restricting its supply
- B.
The Chinese government wanted to stimulate trade by issuing more currency through checks and promissory notes
- C.
The Chinese government was fearful that Arab merchants would develop their own paper currency and try to use it on Chinese ports and markets
- D.
The Chinese government wanted to preserve the convenience of paper money, but to reduce problems caused by forgery and inadequate currency backing
Correct Answer
D. The Chinese government wanted to preserve the convenience of paper money, but to reduce problems caused by forgery and inadequate currency backingExplanation
In the eleventh century, the Chinese government chose to restrict the private production of paper money and assume it as a duty of government in order to preserve the convenience of paper money, but to reduce problems caused by forgery and inadequate currency backing. This suggests that the government recognized the benefits of paper money in facilitating trade and commerce, but also acknowledged the need for regulation to maintain its integrity and prevent fraudulent practices. By taking control of the production of paper money, the government aimed to ensure the reliability and stability of the currency, thus promoting economic stability and trust in the monetary system.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following was NOT a result of Chinese interaction with Vietnamese culture?
- A.
Vietnamese women lost their traditional domination of local and regional markets as a result of China's powerful patriarchal tradition
- B.
Vietnamese authorities established an administrative system and bureaucracy based on Chinese traditions
- C.
Vietnamese farmers adapted Chinese agricultural methods and irrigation systems
- D.
Buddhism came to Vietnam from China as well as from India
Correct Answer
A. Vietnamese women lost their traditional domination of local and regional markets as a result of China's powerful patriarchal traditionExplanation
The correct answer is Vietnamese women lost their traditional domination of local and regional markets as a result of China's powerful patriarchal tradition. This is because the passage states that Vietnamese women lost their traditional domination of local and regional markets as a result of China's powerful patriarchal tradition. The other options are all mentioned as results of Chinese interaction with Vietnamese culture. Vietnamese authorities established an administrative system and bureaucracy based on Chinese traditions, Vietnamese farmers adapted Chinese agricultural methods and irrigation systems, and Buddhism came to Vietnam from China as well as from India.Rate this question:
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- 10.
During which period in Japanese history was Chinese influence most profound?
- A.
Nara period
- B.
Heian period
- C.
Kamakura period
- D.
Muromachi period
Correct Answer
A. Nara periodExplanation
The Nara period in Japanese history, which lasted from 710 to 794, was characterized by strong Chinese influence. This influence was particularly evident in various aspects of Japanese culture, including art, architecture, and Buddhism. During this period, Japan actively imported and adopted Chinese practices, such as the Chinese writing system and Confucianism. The establishment of a centralized government modeled after the Chinese system also contributed to the profound Chinese influence during the Nara period.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Why was economic expansion during the Chinese Tang and Song dynasties linked to military expansion?
- A.
Military expansion into Vietnam introduced the Chinese to faster-growing rice, which made it possible to rice crops a year in southern China
- B.
Military expansion into Manchuria and Korea made it possible for the Chinese to harness new energy sources in the water buffalo and the ox
- C.
Military expansion into Korea and Japan introduced a new strain of drought-resistant wheat into northern China
- D.
Military expansion into Vietnam introduced terraced farming to China, which greatly increased the amount of land under cultivation in mountainous southern China
Correct Answer
A. Military expansion into Vietnam introduced the Chinese to faster-growing rice, which made it possible to rice crops a year in southern ChinaExplanation
The military expansion into Vietnam introduced the Chinese to faster-growing rice, which allowed them to cultivate rice crops twice a year in southern China. This increased agricultural productivity and provided a stable food supply, leading to economic expansion.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The ritual of the kowtow was significant throughout east and central Asia for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
- A.
It established Chinese control in the subordinate lands
- B.
It established the protocol of diplomatic contacts
- C.
It promoted cultural exchanges between China and her neighbors
- D.
It fostered trade with China and the other nations of Asia
Correct Answer
A. It established Chinese control in the subordinate landsExplanation
The ritual of the kowtow was significant throughout east and central Asia for the following reasons: it established the protocol of diplomatic contacts, promoted cultural exchanges between China and her neighbors, and fostered trade with China and the other nations of Asia. However, it did not directly establish Chinese control in the subordinate lands.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The development of gunpowder in China began
- A.
As a Chinese response to northern nomadic invasion
- B.
As Daoist alchemists sought to discover an elixir to prolong life
- C.
As a power source for Europeans who were experimenting with metal-barreled cannons
- D.
Under the military directives of Shi Huangdi
Correct Answer
B. As Daoist alchemists sought to discover an elixir to prolong life -
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