Block 2 Moore Cartilage
- 1.
Which of the following is NOT a type of cartilage
- A.
Fibrous cartilage
- B.
Hyaline cartilage
- C.
Dense cartilage
- D.
Elastic cartilage
Correct Answer
C. Dense cartilage -
- 2.
Chondrocytes are derived from which of the following cell types
- A.
Adipocytes
- B.
Fibroblast
- C.
Monocytes
- D.
Mesenchymal cells
- E.
A & B
- F.
B & D
Correct Answer
F. B & DExplanation
Chondrocytes are derived from fibroblasts and mesenchymal cells. Fibroblasts are connective tissue cells that produce the extracellular matrix and are involved in tissue repair. Mesenchymal cells are multipotent stem cells that can differentiate into various cell types, including chondrocytes. Therefore, both fibroblasts and mesenchymal cells can give rise to chondrocytes.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Chondrocytes receive nutrients from;
- A.
Fibroblast
- B.
Facilitated intracartilagenous transport
- C.
A vast network of intracartilagenous capilaries
- D.
Diffusion
Correct Answer
D. DiffusionExplanation
Chondrocytes, which are cells found in cartilage, receive nutrients through diffusion. Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In this case, nutrients such as oxygen and glucose diffuse from the surrounding blood vessels and extracellular fluid into the chondrocytes. This allows the chondrocytes to obtain the necessary nutrients for their metabolic activities and to maintain the health and function of the cartilage tissue.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The functions of Cartilage include all of the following EXCEPT:
- A.
Support of soft tissues
- B.
As a shock absorber (resists compression)
- C.
Free-sliding surface for joints ( smooth surface)
- D.
As a template for growth of arteries
Correct Answer
D. As a template for growth of arteriesExplanation
As a template for growth of long bonesRate this question:
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- 5.
Cartilage Locations include all of the following EXCEPT:
- A.
Ends of long bones and ventral end of ribs
- B.
Surfaces of large organs
- C.
Respiratory system and external ear
- D.
Epiphyseal plates for growth of long bones.
Correct Answer
B. Surfaces of large organsExplanation
Surface of JointsRate this question:
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- 6.
A group of Chondrocytes is referred to as a
- A.
Lacunae
- B.
Isogenous group
- C.
Matrix
- D.
Perichondrium
Correct Answer
B. Isogenous groupExplanation
Lacunae is the cavity that houses the ISOGENOUS GROUP.
Perichondrium is the C.T. that surrounds the cartilageRate this question:
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- 7.
Chondroblasts differ from chondrocytes in that chondroblasts;
- A.
Do not secrete matrix
- B.
Exist outside Lacunae
- C.
Can differentiate into fibroblast
- D.
Exist only in clusters
- E.
Party a lot (i.e. have a blast)
Correct Answer
B. Exist outside LacunaeExplanation
Both can secrete matrix
Yes, once the –blasts are in the lacunae they are called -cytes
Neither can differentiate into fibroblast
Blast exist as single cells cytes usually are grouped in lacunae
Chondroblast are very religious and do not partyRate this question:
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- 8.
There are two different types of chondrogenesis depending on where in the cartilage these events occur:
- A.
Oppositional and intracellular growth
- B.
Regenerative and interstitial growth
- C.
Appositional growth and interstitial growth
- D.
Allopathic and independent
Correct Answer
C. Appositional growth and interstitial growthExplanation
Chondrogenesis refers to the process of cartilage formation. Appositional growth occurs at the outer surface of the cartilage, where new cells are added to the existing cartilage layer. On the other hand, interstitial growth occurs within the cartilage, where existing cells divide and secrete new matrix to expand the cartilage from within. Therefore, the correct answer is appositional growth and interstitial growth.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The most common form of cartilage is;
- A.
Fibrous
- B.
Elastic
- C.
Integral
- D.
Loose irregular cartilage
- E.
Hyaline cartilage
Correct Answer
E. Hyaline cartilageExplanation
Hyaline cartilage is the most common form of cartilage in the body. It is found in various locations such as the nose, trachea, and ends of long bones. It has a smooth and glassy appearance, hence the name "hyaline". This type of cartilage provides support, flexibility, and cushioning to the joints. It also helps in reducing friction between bones and absorbs shock. Hyaline cartilage is composed of collagen fibers and proteoglycans, which give it its characteristic properties.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The type of collagen surrounding an isogenous group is
- A.
Type 1
- B.
Type 2
- C.
Type 4
- D.
Type 6
- E.
Type 7
Correct Answer
D. Type 6Explanation
The correct answer is type 6. The collagen surrounding an isogenous group refers to the type of collagen found in the extracellular matrix of a group of cells derived from a single progenitor cell. In this case, type 6 collagen is the specific type found in the surrounding matrix of the isogenous group.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Blood, lymph, and nerve supply to cartilage is supplied via:
- A.
Lacunae
- B.
Perichondrium
- C.
Fibroblast
- D.
chondrocytes
- E.
Isongenous group
Correct Answer
B. PerichondriumExplanation
The perichondrium is a layer of connective tissue that surrounds cartilage. It contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves that supply nutrients and oxygen to the cartilage cells (chondrocytes) and remove waste products. Therefore, the correct answer is perichondrium.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Type 1 collagen fibers are found in
- A.
Hyaline cartilage and perichondrium
- B.
Fibrous cartilage and perichondrium
- C.
Elastic cartilage
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. Fibrous cartilage and perichondriumExplanation
Type 1 collagen fibers are found in fibrous cartilage and perichondrium. Fibrous cartilage is a type of cartilage that contains a high concentration of collagen fibers, providing it with strength and resilience. Perichondrium is a connective tissue layer that surrounds cartilage and contains collagen fibers, including type 1 collagen. Therefore, the correct answer is fibrous cartilage and perichondrium.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Cartilage owes its compression resistant property to Hyaluronic acid (HA). This is accomplished by which characteristic of HA:
- A.
Its ability to attract integral proteins which resist compressive forces when aggregated
- B.
The tremendous strength of the disulfide bonds of Hyaluronic Acid
- C.
The highly positive charge on GAG side chains attracting anions and water
- D.
The highly negative charge on GAG side chains attracting cations and water
Correct Answer
D. The highly negative charge on GAG side chains attracting cations and waterExplanation
The correct answer is the highly negative charge on GAG side chains attracting cations and water. This is because the negative charge on the GAG side chains of Hyaluronic acid attracts positively charged ions (cations) and water molecules. This creates a hydrated gel-like structure that resists compression forces, giving cartilage its compression resistant property.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following statements concerning cartilage is FALSE
- A.
Fibro cartilage does not have a perichondrium
- B.
Elastic cartilage always has a perichondrium
- C.
Hyaline cartilage always has a perichondrium
- D.
Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant cartilage in the body
- E.
The elastic fibers in elastic cartilage do not extend into the perichondrium
Correct Answer
C. Hyaline cartilage always has a perichondriumExplanation
Hyaline cartilage does not always have a perichondrium. While hyaline cartilage can have a perichondrium in some areas, such as in the articular cartilage of joints, it does not always have one. In certain locations, such as the trachea and the bronchi, hyaline cartilage lacks a perichondrium.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Fibro cartilage is found in all of the following places EXCEPT:
- A.
Pubic symphysus
- B.
Intervertebral disc
- C.
Knee joint
- D.
Nasal septum
Correct Answer
D. Nasal septumExplanation
The correct answer is nasal septum. Fibrocartilage is a type of cartilage that is found in areas of the body that require both flexibility and strength, such as the intervertebral discs and knee joints. The pubic symphysis is also a location where fibrocartilage is found, as it helps to absorb shock and provide stability. However, the nasal septum is composed mainly of hyaline cartilage, which is a different type of cartilage that is more flexible and less dense than fibrocartilage. Therefore, fibrocartilage is not found in the nasal septum.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The difference in appositional growth versus interstitial growth is that;
- A.
Interstitial growth is the major form of growth in the adult
- B.
Appositional growth does not require a perchondrium
- C.
Interstitial growth is not important in the growth of long bones
- D.
Appositional growth is only possible with a perichondrium
Correct Answer
D. Appositional growth is only possible with a perichondriumExplanation
Appositional growth refers to the growth of a tissue by the addition of layers on the surface, while interstitial growth refers to the growth of a tissue by the division and enlargement of cells within the tissue. The given answer states that appositional growth is only possible with a perichondrium, which is the connective tissue layer surrounding cartilage. This is because the perichondrium contains the cells necessary for the formation of new layers on the surface of the cartilage. Therefore, without a perichondrium, appositional growth cannot occur.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Stimulation of cartilage growth is controlled by
- A.
Estradiol , Thyroxine, Insulin
- B.
Testosterone, Thyroxine, Somatotropin
- C.
Estradiol, Somatotropin, Insulin
- D.
Testosterone, Insulin, Vitamin E
Correct Answer
B. Testosterone, Thyroxine, SomatotropinExplanation
Testosterone, Thyroxine, and Somatotropin are all hormones that play a role in stimulating cartilage growth. Testosterone is an androgen hormone that promotes the growth and development of cartilage. Thyroxine, also known as T4, is a thyroid hormone that regulates metabolism and growth, including cartilage growth. Somatotropin, also known as growth hormone, stimulates the growth of bones and cartilage. Therefore, the combination of Testosterone, Thyroxine, and Somatotropin is responsible for controlling the stimulation of cartilage growth.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which of the following statement regarding Vitamins and cartilage growth is FALSE
- A.
Hypo-Vitaminosis A, reduces the width of epiphyseal plates
- B.
Hypo Vitaminosis D, causes ossification of cartilage
- C.
Hypo Vitaminosis C, inhibits matrix synthesis leading to scurvy
- D.
Hyper Vitaminosis A, accelerates ossification of epiphyseal plates
Correct Answer
B. Hypo Vitaminosis D, causes ossification of cartilageExplanation
Hypo Vitaminosis D does not cause ossification of cartilage. Ossification is the process of replacing cartilage with bone. Hypo Vitaminosis D actually leads to a deficiency of vitamin D, which is important for calcium absorption and bone growth. Without enough vitamin D, the bones may become weak and brittle, but it does not cause ossification of cartilage.Rate this question:
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- 19.
All of the following are true concerning cartilage EXCEPT:
- A.
In young children cartilage repair is much quicker than in the adult
- B.
Repair of cartilage is much faster the more proximal to the perichondrium
- C.
Interstitial growth is much less prevalent in the repair of cartilage than appositional growth
- D.
The high mobility of chondrocytes make them the chief cell type if cartilage repair.
Correct Answer
D. The high mobility of chondrocytes make them the chief cell type if cartilage repair.Explanation
The given answer is incorrect. The high mobility of chondrocytes does not make them the chief cell type in cartilage repair. In fact, chondrocytes have limited mobility and are not the primary cells involved in cartilage repair. Instead, mesenchymal stem cells and progenitor cells play a crucial role in cartilage repair by differentiating into chondrocytes and promoting tissue regeneration.Rate this question:
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Jan 24, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Oct 18, 2011Quiz Created by
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