Block 5 General Endocrine Quiz
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Hyperkalemic is
- A.
Lower than normal potassium
- B.
Higher than normal potassium
- C.
Lower than noraml sodium
- D.
Higher than normal sodium
Correct Answer
B. Higher than normal potassiumExplanation
Hyperkalemic refers to a condition where the level of potassium in the blood is higher than the normal range. This can occur due to various reasons such as kidney problems, certain medications, or excessive intake of potassium-rich foods. High levels of potassium in the blood can disrupt the normal functioning of the heart, muscles, and nerves, leading to symptoms like muscle weakness, irregular heartbeat, and numbness. Therefore, the correct answer is "higher than normal potassium."Rate this question:
-
- 2.
Hyponatremic means
- A.
Lower than normal potassium
- B.
Higher than normal potassium
- C.
Lower than normal sodium
- D.
Higher than normal sodium
Correct Answer
C. Lower than normal sodiumExplanation
Hyponatremic refers to a condition characterized by lower than normal levels of sodium in the body. Sodium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance and nerve function. When sodium levels are too low, it can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, confusion, muscle weakness, and even seizures. Therefore, the correct answer is lower than normal sodium.Rate this question:
-
- 3.
What does Aldosterone do
- A.
Regulates salt
- B.
Regulates potassium
- C.
Regulates steroid poduction
Correct Answer
A. Regulates saltExplanation
Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that plays a crucial role in regulating salt levels in the body. It acts on the kidneys, promoting the reabsorption of sodium and water while excreting potassium. This helps maintain the balance of electrolytes in the body and regulates blood pressure. By regulating salt levels, aldosterone also indirectly affects fluid balance, blood volume, and overall cardiovascular health.Rate this question:
-
- 4.
Which of the following statements about diabetic neuropathy is false
- A.
Autonomic neuropathy causes increse hyration of the skin
- B.
Autonomic neuropathy leads to arteriovenous shunting
- C.
Clawing of toes is evidence of motor neuropathy
- D.
Sensory loss ocuurs in a glove and stocking distribution
Correct Answer
A. Autonomic neuropathy causes increse hyration of the skinExplanation
Autonomic neuropathy is a condition that affects the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary bodily functions. One of the common symptoms of autonomic neuropathy is dry skin, not increased hydration of the skin. Therefore, the statement "autonomic neuropathy causes increased hydration of the skin" is false.Rate this question:
-
- 5.
Which of the following is not a cause of vitiligo
- A.
Addisons
- B.
Diabetes
- C.
Hashimoto
- D.
Pernicious anaemia
- E.
Rheumatiod arthritis
Correct Answer
E. Rheumatiod arthritisExplanation
Rheumatoid arthritis is not a cause of vitiligo. Vitiligo is an autoimmune skin condition characterized by the loss of skin pigment, resulting in white patches on the skin. While autoimmune diseases like Addison's disease, diabetes, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and pernicious anemia have been associated with an increased risk of developing vitiligo, rheumatoid arthritis is not considered a cause of this condition. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the joints.Rate this question:
-
- 6.
What is the general name of any disorder in which the thyroid cannot produce enough hormones
Correct Answer
hypothyroidsmExplanation
Hypothyroidism is the general name for any disorder in which the thyroid gland is unable to produce enough hormones. The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, energy levels, and growth. When it fails to produce sufficient hormones, it can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, depression, and dry skin. Hypothyroidism can be caused by various factors, including autoimmune diseases, certain medications, and iodine deficiency. Treatment usually involves hormone replacement therapy to restore hormone levels and alleviate symptoms.Rate this question:
- 7.
What is the 'job' of the thyroid
- A.
Monitor the level of certain hormones in the body, especially growth hormones
- B.
Make, store and release thyroid hormones
- C.
Producing many essential hormones, including insulin, the hormone regulates metabolism
- D.
Release special digestive enzymes into the digestive system
Correct Answer
B. Make, store and release thyroid hormonesExplanation
The job of the thyroid is to make, store, and release thyroid hormones. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development in the body. They help control how the body uses energy, produce proteins, and regulate the body's sensitivity to other hormones. The thyroid gland is responsible for producing these hormones and releasing them into the bloodstream to be distributed throughout the body.Rate this question:
-
- 8.
Lumps on the thyroid are known as a _____?
- A.
Nodule
- B.
Benign
- C.
Cyst
- D.
Goiter
Correct Answer
A. NoduleExplanation
A lump on the thyroid is known as a nodule. A nodule is a small abnormal growth or mass that can form on the thyroid gland. It may be solid or filled with fluid. Nodules are usually noncancerous (benign), but in some cases, they can be cancerous. Therefore, it is important to have any thyroid nodules evaluated by a healthcare professional to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.Rate this question:
-
- 9.
What is the thyroid shaped the most like
- A.
An oval
- B.
The letter 'U'
- C.
A lightbulb
- D.
A butterfly
Correct Answer
D. A butterflyExplanation
The thyroid is shaped like a butterfly, with two lobes connected by a thin strip of tissue in the middle. This shape is commonly used to describe the appearance of the thyroid gland.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
What is the swelling or enlargement of the thyroid gland?
- A.
Benign
- B.
Goiter
- C.
Nodule
- D.
Cyst
Correct Answer
B. GoiterExplanation
Goiter is the swelling or enlargement of the thyroid gland. It is usually caused by a lack of iodine in the diet, which leads to an imbalance in the production of thyroid hormones. This imbalance triggers the thyroid gland to enlarge in an attempt to compensate for the deficiency. Goiter can also be caused by other factors such as certain medications, autoimmune diseases, or genetic factors. It is important to note that goiter can be either benign or malignant, but in this context, the term "goiter" refers to the non-cancerous enlargement of the thyroid gland.Rate this question:
-
- 11.
It is an autoimmune disease affecting the thryoid, particularly in women. It is characterized by, among other things, a hyperthyroid phase early, while the gland is "inflamed" and then a longer hypothyroid state once the gland is "burnt out".
- A.
Hashimoto's disease
- B.
Levothyroxide
- C.
Cancer of or surrounding the thyroid gland
- D.
Cornoran's disease
Correct Answer
A. Hashimoto's diseaseExplanation
Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects the thyroid gland, especially in women. It is characterized by two phases - a hyperthyroid phase in the early stages when the gland is inflamed, followed by a longer hypothyroid phase once the gland is burnt out. This means that initially, the thyroid gland produces an excessive amount of thyroid hormones, leading to hyperthyroidism symptoms. However, over time, the gland becomes damaged and unable to produce enough hormones, resulting in hypothyroidism symptoms. Levothyroxine is commonly prescribed to manage the hypothyroid phase of Hashimoto's disease.Rate this question:
-
- 12.
Where is the thyroid gland located
- A.
The base of the neck
- B.
Behind the stomach
- C.
In the brain
- D.
Just below the liver
Correct Answer
A. The base of the neckExplanation
The thyroid gland is located at the base of the neck. It is a small, butterfly-shaped gland that sits just below the Adam's apple. It is responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism and energy levels in the body. The location of the thyroid gland at the base of the neck allows it to have direct access to the bloodstream and easily release its hormones into the body.Rate this question:
-
- 13.
Which of these is not a corticosteroid
- A.
Glucocorticoids
- B.
glucocorticoids
- C.
Mineralcorticoids
- D.
Thyrocalcitonin
Correct Answer
D. ThyrocalcitoninExplanation
Thyrocalcitonin is not a corticosteroid because it is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that helps regulate calcium levels in the body. Corticosteroids, on the other hand, are a class of steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex that have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. Examples of corticosteroids include glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.Rate this question:
-
- 14.
What disease of the endocrine system consists of weakness, fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, hyperpigmentation, and decreased blood pressure
- A.
Addison's disease
- B.
Turner's syndrome
- C.
Cushing's syndrome
- D.
Hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer
A. Addison's diseaseExplanation
Addison's disease is an endocrine disorder characterized by the insufficient production of adrenal hormones. The symptoms mentioned in the question, such as weakness, fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, hyperpigmentation, and decreased blood pressure, are commonly associated with this condition. Addison's disease occurs when the adrenal glands are damaged or destroyed, leading to a deficiency in cortisol and aldosterone production. This deficiency results in the symptoms mentioned, along with other potential complications. Turner's syndrome, Cushing's syndrome, and hyperthyroidism do not typically present with the specific combination of symptoms mentioned in the question.Rate this question:
-
- 15.
What is decreased glucose concentration in the blood
- A.
Homeostasis
- B.
Hyperglycemia
- C.
Hypoglycemia
- D.
Hypothalamus
Correct Answer
C. HypoglycemiaExplanation
Hypoglycemia refers to a decreased glucose concentration in the blood. Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment, so it is not directly related to glucose concentration. Hyperglycemia, on the other hand, refers to an increased glucose concentration in the blood. The hypothalamus is a part of the brain that helps regulate various bodily functions, but it is not specifically related to glucose concentration. Therefore, the correct answer is Hypoglycemia.Rate this question:
-
- 16.
Which of these is not a symptom of diabetes
- A.
Polyuria
- B.
Polydactyly
- C.
Polydipsia
- D.
Polyphagia
Correct Answer
B. PolydactylyExplanation
Polydactyly is not a symptom of diabetes. Polydactyly is a congenital condition characterized by having extra fingers or toes. On the other hand, polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia are all symptoms commonly associated with diabetes. Polyuria refers to excessive urination, polydipsia is excessive thirst, and polyphagia is excessive hunger. These symptoms are often seen in individuals with diabetes due to the body's inability to regulate blood sugar levels properly.Rate this question:
-
- 17.
Which of the following cells are not produced in the pancreas
- A.
Alpha cells
- B.
Gamma cells
- C.
Beta cells
- D.
Delta cells
Correct Answer
B. Gamma cellsExplanation
The pancreas produces various types of cells that play different roles in the body. Alpha cells produce the hormone glucagon, which raises blood sugar levels. Beta cells produce insulin, which lowers blood sugar levels. Delta cells produce somatostatin, which inhibits the release of other hormones. However, gamma cells are not produced in the pancreas. The correct answer is Gamma cells.Rate this question:
-
- 18.
What is a specialist of the endocrine system called
Correct Answer
endocrinologistExplanation
An endocrinologist is a medical specialist who focuses on the endocrine system, which is responsible for producing and regulating hormones in the body. They diagnose and treat conditions related to hormone imbalances, such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, and hormonal imbalances. Endocrinologists undergo specialized training to understand the complex workings of the endocrine system and provide appropriate medical interventions. They play a crucial role in helping patients manage their hormone-related conditions and improve their overall health and well-being.Rate this question:
- 19.
Diabetics are prone to infections because
- A.
Insulin has an anti-infective property
- B.
the high blood sugar levels raise body temperature
- C.
They must inject themselves frequently, introducing pathogens into the body
- D.
bacteria thrive in high-glucose environments
Correct Answer
D. bacteria thrive in high-glucose environmentsExplanation
The correct answer is bacteria thrive in high-glucose environments. High blood sugar levels in diabetics provide a favorable environment for bacteria to grow and thrive. Bacteria feed on glucose, and when blood sugar levels are elevated, it creates an ideal condition for bacterial growth. This increases the risk of infections in diabetics.Rate this question:
-
- 20.
Which of these is not an endocrine gland
- A.
Colon
- B.
Thyroid
- C.
Pancreas
- D.
Adrenal
Correct Answer
A. ColonExplanation
The colon is not an endocrine gland because it does not produce hormones that are released into the bloodstream. Instead, the colon is part of the digestive system and is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from undigested food, forming and storing feces, and eliminating waste from the body. Endocrine glands, such as the thyroid, pancreas, and adrenal glands, produce hormones that regulate various bodily functions and are released directly into the bloodstream.Rate this question:
-
- 21.
What does hypoglycemia literally mean
- A.
Low blood calcium
- B.
high blood calcium
- C.
Low blood sugar
- D.
high blood sugar
Correct Answer
C. Low blood sugarExplanation
Hypoglycemia literally means low blood sugar. This condition occurs when the level of glucose in the blood drops below normal levels. It can cause symptoms such as dizziness, confusion, and weakness. The correct answer is low blood sugar because hypoglycemia is directly related to a decrease in blood sugar levels.Rate this question:
-
- 22.
What is a typical set of symptoms of hypoglycemia
- A.
Loss of weight, thirst, frequent urination, numbness
- B.
Itchy skin, purple nail beds, hair loss, brittle nails
- C.
acne, hyperactivity, cough, heartburn
- D.
headache, weakness, dizziness, trembling, hunger
Correct Answer
A. Loss of weight, thirst, frequent urination, numbnessExplanation
The typical set of symptoms of hypoglycemia includes loss of weight, thirst, frequent urination, and numbness. These symptoms are commonly associated with low blood sugar levels. Weight loss can occur due to the body's inability to properly use glucose for energy. Thirst and frequent urination are signs of the body trying to get rid of excess glucose through urine. Numbness may occur as a result of nerve damage caused by prolonged periods of low blood sugar.Rate this question:
-
- 23.
What is the commonest form of hyperthyroidism
- A.
Graves disease
- B.
Pleurisy
- C.
Hypothyroidism
- D.
Bad breath
Correct Answer
A. Graves diseaseExplanation
Graves disease is the most common form of hyperthyroidism. It is an autoimmune disorder that causes the thyroid gland to produce excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. This leads to symptoms such as weight loss, rapid heartbeat, tremors, and anxiety. Graves disease is often characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland, bulging eyes (exophthalmos), and thickening of the skin. It is more common in women and tends to run in families. Treatment options for Graves disease include medication, radioactive iodine therapy, and surgery.Rate this question:
-
- 24.
If I had symptoms of hyperthyroidism which symptoms would I most likely be suffering from
- A.
Cold, fever, sore throat, loss of appetite and a rash
- B.
Sweating, racing heart, fast pulse, losing weight and tremor
- C.
Headaches, tiredness, bloating, and a rash
- D.
Mood swings, heavy periods and loss of hair
Correct Answer
B. Sweating, racing heart, fast pulse, losing weight and tremorExplanation
The symptoms described in the answer, sweating, racing heart, fast pulse, losing weight, and tremor, are commonly associated with hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces an excessive amount of thyroid hormone, leading to an increased metabolic rate. This can result in symptoms such as excessive sweating, a rapid heart rate, weight loss, and tremors. Therefore, if someone is experiencing these symptoms, it is likely that they are suffering from hyperthyroidism.Rate this question:
-
- 25.
Which hormones are measured when a thyroid blood test has been requested
- A.
V3, V6, TOT
- B.
Cortisol
- C.
TSH, FT4, FT3
- D.
FSH
Correct Answer
C. TSH, FT4, FT3Explanation
When a thyroid blood test is requested, the hormones that are typically measured are TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), FT4 (free thyroxine), and FT3 (free triiodothyronine). TSH is produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates the thyroid gland to produce and release thyroid hormones. FT4 and FT3 are the active forms of thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism and energy levels in the body. Measuring these hormones helps to assess the functioning of the thyroid gland and diagnose any thyroid disorders.Rate this question:
-
- 26.
Is thyrotoxicosis a disease which can be caused by the overstimulation of the thyroid gland
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Thyrotoxicosis is a condition characterized by excessive levels of thyroid hormones in the body, which can be caused by the overstimulation of the thyroid gland. This overstimulation can occur due to various reasons such as Graves' disease, toxic multinodular goiter, or excessive intake of thyroid hormone medications. The excessive production of thyroid hormones leads to symptoms such as weight loss, increased heart rate, tremors, and anxiety. Therefore, it is correct to say that thyrotoxicosis can be caused by the overstimulation of the thyroid gland.Rate this question:
-
- 27.
People with DM2 cannot use insulin efficiently because their pancreas can no longer produce insulin
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false. People with DM2 can still produce insulin, but their bodies are unable to use it effectively. This condition is known as insulin resistance. As a result, the pancreas may even produce more insulin to compensate for the resistance, but it is still not enough to maintain normal blood sugar levels.Rate this question:
-
- 28.
What gland in the body is insulin secreted from
- A.
Adrenal
- B.
Gallbladder
- C.
Pancreas
- D.
Thyroid
Correct Answer
C. PancreasExplanation
Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels in the body. It is secreted from the pancreas, specifically from the beta cells located in the islets of Langerhans. The pancreas plays a crucial role in the endocrine system by producing insulin and releasing it into the bloodstream in response to high blood sugar levels. Insulin helps cells in the body absorb glucose from the bloodstream, thus lowering blood sugar levels and maintaining normal glucose metabolism.Rate this question:
-
- 29.
What are the secondary symptoms of hyperglycemia and the subsequent osmotic diuresis
- A.
Fatigue
- B.
Thirst
- C.
Polyuria
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The secondary symptoms of hyperglycemia and subsequent osmotic diuresis include fatigue, thirst, and polyuria. Hyperglycemia refers to high blood sugar levels, which can lead to excessive urination (polyuria) and increased thirst (polydipsia). These symptoms can cause dehydration and fatigue. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above."Rate this question:
-
- 30.
What substance is required to decrease the blood glucose levels?
- A.
Glycogen
- B.
Proteins
- C.
Glucagon
- D.
Insulin
Correct Answer
D. InsulinExplanation
Insulin is the correct answer because it is a hormone that is required to decrease blood glucose levels. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and helps regulate the amount of glucose in the blood by allowing it to be taken up by cells for energy or storage. It promotes the conversion of glucose into glycogen, which is stored in the liver and muscles. This process helps to lower blood glucose levels and maintain them within a normal range.Rate this question:
-
Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
-
Current Version
-
Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Feb 06, 2012Quiz Created by
Chachelly
- Aura Quizzes
- Axial Skeleton Quizzes
- Body Mechanics Quizzes
- Body Parts Quizzes
- Body System Quizzes
- Chest Quizzes
- Ear Quizzes
- Eye Quizzes
- Feet Quizzes
- Gland Quizzes
- Limb Quizzes
- Musculoskeletal Quizzes
- Pain Quizzes
- Pharmacodynamics Quizzes
- Piercing Quizzes
- Spanish Body Parts Quizzes
- Thorax Quizzes
- Urine Quizzes
Back to top