Blood And Blood Disorders

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| By Mda08kys

Mda08kys

Community Contributor

Quizzes Created: 1 | Total Attempts: 4,355

Questions: 11 | Attempts: 4,356 | Updated: Mar 22, 2023

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Test yourself on how much you have learnt on blood and related disorders!

Questions and Answers

1.

What is the largest component of blood in our body?
- A.
  
  Water
- B.
  
  Proteins
- C.
  
  Red blood cells
- D.
  
  White blood cells
Correct Answer
A. Water

Explanation
Water is the largest component of blood in our body. It makes up approximately 90% of blood volume and is essential for various bodily functions. Water helps transport nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body, regulates body temperature, and maintains blood pressure. It also plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of electrolytes and pH levels in the blood. Without adequate water, our body would not be able to function properly. Proteins, red blood cells, and white blood cells are also important components of blood, but they make up a smaller percentage compared to water.

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2.

Which blood type is the universal recipient for blood transfusions?
- A.
  
  A
- B.
  
  B
- C.
  
  O
- D.
  
  AB
Correct Answer
D. AB

Explanation
AB is the correct answer because individuals with blood type AB have both A and B antigens on their red blood cells, making them universal recipients. This means they can receive blood from donors with any blood type (A, B, AB, or O) without experiencing an immune reaction.

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3.

Red bone marrow is the main site of blood cells production. Which do not contain red bone marrow in adults?
- A.
  
  Skull
- B.
  
  Sternum
- C.
  
  Limb bones
- D.
  
  Pelvis
Correct Answer
C. Limb bones

Explanation
Limb bones do not contain red bone marrow in adults. Red bone marrow is responsible for the production of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. While the skull, sternum, and pelvis all contain red bone marrow, limb bones, such as the bones in the arms and legs, do not have red bone marrow in adults. Instead, limb bones primarily consist of yellow bone marrow, which is mainly composed of fat cells.

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4.

Anaemia is not
- A.
  
  Low red blood cell count
- B.
  
  Low amount of haemoglobin in blood
- C.
  
  Low oxygen level in blood
- D.
  
  Low carbon dioxide level in blood
Correct Answer
D. Low carbon dioxide level in blood

Explanation
Anaemia is a condition characterized by a low red blood cell count or a low amount of haemoglobin in the blood. It is not related to low carbon dioxide levels in the blood. Carbon dioxide levels in the blood are primarily regulated by the respiratory system and are not directly associated with anaemia. Anaemia is typically caused by factors such as iron deficiency, vitamin deficiencies, chronic diseases, or genetic disorders that affect the production or lifespan of red blood cells.

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5.

With 2 Thalassemia Beta carrier parents, what is the probability of a child inheriting Thalassemia Beta Major?
- A.
  
  25%
- B.
  
  50%
- C.
  
  75%
- D.
  
  100%
Correct Answer
A. 25%

Explanation
With 2 Thalassemia Beta carrier parents, there is a 25% probability of a child inheriting Thalassemia Beta Major. This is because both parents are carriers, meaning they each have one copy of the Thalassemia Beta gene. When they have a child, there is a 25% chance that the child will inherit two copies of the gene, resulting in Thalassemia Beta Major.

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6.

Which combination is true about haemostasis: i) Vascular factors causes vasodilation ii) Platelet adhere to injured surface to form plugs iii) Plasma contains blood coagulation factors that forms Fibrin clot. iv) Endothelial factors is not important for blood coagulation.
- A.
  
  I and ii are true.
- B.
  
  Ii and iii are true.
- C.
  
  I, ii and iii are true.
- D.
  
  All of the above are true.
Correct Answer
B. Ii and iii are true.

Explanation
Platelets adhere to the injured surface to form plugs, which is a step in the process of haemostasis. Plasma contains blood coagulation factors that form a fibrin clot, which is another step in haemostasis. The other options, i) and iv), are not true about haemostasis.

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7.

Haemophilia is a:
- A.
  
  Autosomal dominant disorder.
- B.
  
  Autosomal recessive disorder.
- C.
  
  X-linked dominant disorder.
- D.
  
  X-linked recessive disorder.
Correct Answer
D. X-linked recessive disorder.

Explanation
Haemophilia is a genetic disorder characterized by the inability of blood to clot properly. It is caused by a mutation in the genes that are responsible for producing blood clotting factors. Since the gene responsible for haemophilia is located on the X chromosome, the disorder is passed down in an X-linked recessive pattern. This means that the gene mutation is carried on the X chromosome and is more commonly expressed in males, who have only one X chromosome. Females can also be carriers of the disorder if they inherit the mutated gene from their mother.

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8.

Which of the following statements are true? i) HIV is a retrovirus. ii) HIV is an airborne virus.
- A.
  
  I and ii are true.
- B.
  
  I, ii and iii are true.
- C.
  
  I, iii, iv are true.
- D.
  
  All of the above are true.
Correct Answer
C. I, iii, iv are true.

Explanation
The correct answer is i, iii, iv are true. HIV is indeed a retrovirus, which means it has RNA as its genetic material and uses reverse transcriptase enzyme to convert its RNA into DNA. However, it is not an airborne virus, as it is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, blood-to-blood contact, and mother-to-child during childbirth or breastfeeding. Therefore, statement ii is false.

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9.

HIV can be diagnosed by:
- A.
  
  ELISA test taken right after infection.
- B.
  
  ELISA test taken 6 weeks after infection.
- C.
  
  ELISA test taken right after infection with a Western Blot test.
- D.
  
  ELISA test taken 6 weeks after infection with a Western Blot test.
Correct Answer
D. ELISA test taken 6 weeks after infection with a Western Blot test.
10.

Philadelphia chromosome that causes Chronice Myeloid Leukaemia is due to translocation of:
- A.
  
  Chromosome 9 to chromosome 12
- B.
  
  Chromosome 9 to chromosome 22
- C.
  
  Chromosome 19 to chromosome 12
- D.
  
  Chromosome 19 to chromosome 22
Correct Answer
B. Chromosome 9 to chromosome 22

Explanation
The Philadelphia chromosome that causes Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia is due to the translocation of chromosome 9 to chromosome 22. This translocation results in the fusion of the BCR (breakpoint cluster region) gene on chromosome 22 with the ABL1 (Abelson) gene on chromosome 9, creating a fusion gene known as BCR-ABL1. This fusion gene produces a protein with abnormal tyrosine kinase activity, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and the development of CML.

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11.

Which of the following statements about Myeloid Leukaemia is NOT true: i) It cause enlarged spleen. ii) Increase in immature white blood cells and dysfunction in the bone marrow is the blast phase.
- A.
  
  I and ii
- B.
  
  I and iii
- C.
  
  Ii and iii
- D.
  
  Ii and iv
Correct Answer
C. Ii and iii

Explanation
The correct answer is "ii and iii". This means that the statement "Increase in immature white blood cells and dysfunction in the bone marrow is the blast phase" is not true. Myeloid Leukaemia does cause an enlarged spleen, but the blast phase refers to the rapid growth of immature cells in the bone marrow, not dysfunction.

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Current Version
Mar 22, 2023

Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team
May 15, 2010

Quiz Created by
Mda08kys

Blood And Blood Disorders

What is the largest component of blood in our body?

Which blood type is the universal recipient for blood transfusions?

Red bone marrow is the main site of blood cells production. Which do not contain red bone marrow in adults?

Anaemia is not

With 2 Thalassemia Beta carrier parents, what is the probability of a child inheriting Thalassemia Beta Major?

Which combination is true about haemostasis: i) Vascular factors causes vasodilation ii) Platelet adhere to injured surface to form plugs iii) Plasma contains blood coagulation factors that forms Fibrin clot. iv) Endothelial factors is not important for blood coagulation.

Haemophilia is a:

Which of the following statements are true? i) HIV is a retrovirus. ii) HIV is an airborne virus.

HIV can be diagnosed by:

Philadelphia chromosome that causes Chronice Myeloid Leukaemia is due to translocation of:

Which of the following statements about Myeloid Leukaemia is NOT true: i) It cause enlarged spleen. ii) Increase in immature white blood cells and dysfunction in the bone marrow is the blast phase.