1.
Communicable diseases can be transferred in two ways:
Correct Answer(s)
A. Direct Transmission
D. Indirect Transmission
Explanation
Communicable diseases can be transferred through direct transmission, which occurs when an infected person directly passes the disease to another person through physical contact or close proximity. Indirect transmission refers to the transfer of the disease through intermediate objects or vectors, such as contaminated surfaces, air droplets, or insect bites. Both direct and indirect transmission play a significant role in the spread of communicable diseases.
2.
Immediate transfer of the disease agent by direct contact between the infected and the susceptible individuals
Correct Answer
C. Direct Transmission
Explanation
Direct transmission refers to the immediate transfer of a disease agent through direct contact between infected and susceptible individuals. This can occur through physical contact, such as touching or kissing, or through the exchange of bodily fluids, such as blood or saliva. Unlike indirect transmission, which involves an intermediate object or organism, direct transmission occurs directly between individuals. This mode of transmission is common for diseases that are highly contagious and easily spread from person to person.
3.
It is spread usually from person to person by breathing infected air during close contact.
The common symptoms and signs are fatigue, fever, weight loss, coughing, and night sweats
Correct Answer
C. Tuberculosis
Explanation
Tuberculosis is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is primarily spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Close contact with an infected individual increases the risk of transmission. The symptoms of tuberculosis include fatigue, fever, weight loss, coughing, and night sweats. Therefore, tuberculosis is the most appropriate answer based on the given information.
4.
An upper respiratory infection caused by a virus that usually affects the nose, but may also affect the throat, sinuses, Eustachian tubes, trachea, larynx, and bronchial tubes but not the lungs.
Occurs at any time of the year, but they are most common in the winter or rainy seasons.
Correct Answer
A. Common Cold
Explanation
The given correct answer is "Common Cold". A common cold is an upper respiratory infection caused by a virus that primarily affects the nose but can also affect other parts of the respiratory system such as the throat, sinuses, Eustachian tubes, trachea, larynx, and bronchial tubes. It does not typically affect the lungs. Common colds can occur at any time of the year but are most common in the winter or rainy seasons.
5.
By the varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
It is often a mild illness, characterized by an itchy rash on the face, scalp and trunk with pink spots and tiny fluid-filled blisters that dry and become scabs four to five days later.
Correct Answer
B. Chickenpox
Explanation
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which is responsible for the symptoms described in the question. The virus causes a mild illness characterized by an itchy rash on the face, scalp, and trunk with pink spots and fluid-filled blisters that eventually dry and become scabs. This aligns with the given information and confirms that the correct answer is Chickenpox.
6.
This is swelling and inflammation of the liver. It is not a condition, but is often used to refer to a viral infection of the liver.
This is caused by eating food or water.infected with a virus called HAV.
Correct Answer
D. Hepatitis
Explanation
Hepatitis is the correct answer because it matches the given description of swelling and inflammation of the liver, often caused by a viral infection. It is not a specific condition but rather a general term used to refer to liver inflammation. The mention of eating food or water infected with the HAV virus further supports the answer choice, as Hepatitis A is commonly transmitted through contaminated food or water.
7.
Three types of indirect tranmission
Correct Answer(s)
A. Air-borne
C. Vehicle-borne
D. Vector-borne
Explanation
The correct answer includes three types of indirect transmission: air-borne, vehicle-borne, and vector-borne. Air-borne transmission refers to the spread of infectious agents through droplets in the air. Vehicle-borne transmission occurs when infectious agents are transmitted through contaminated objects or surfaces. Vector-borne transmission involves the transmission of infectious agents through vectors such as mosquitoes or ticks.
8.
Contaminated materials or objects serve as vehicles.
Non-living objects by which communication agents are transferred to a susceptible host.
Correct Answer
B. Vehicle-borne
Explanation
Contaminated materials or objects can act as vehicles for the transmission of communication agents to a susceptible host. This means that these materials or objects can carry and transfer the agents that can cause diseases or infections. The term "vehicle-borne" refers to the transmission of these agents through non-living objects, highlighting the importance of proper hygiene and sanitation practices to prevent the spread of diseases.
9.
Disease transfer by a living organism, such as a mosquito, fly or ticks
Correct Answer
D. Vector-borne
Explanation
Vector-borne diseases are transmitted by living organisms, such as mosquitoes, flies, or ticks, which act as vectors. These vectors can carry and transmit pathogens, such as viruses or bacteria, from one host to another. This mode of disease transfer is different from air-borne diseases that are transmitted through the air, Jason-borne diseases that do not exist, and vehicle-borne diseases that are transmitted through vehicles. Therefore, the correct answer is vector-borne.
10.
Transmission of microorganisms to a suitable port of entry, usually the respiratory tract
Correct Answer
A. Air-borne
Explanation
The correct answer is "Air-borne" because it refers to the transmission of microorganisms through the air, usually through respiratory droplets. This means that the microorganisms are inhaled and enter the respiratory tract, which is a suitable port of entry for them.
11.
Common symptoms are fatigue, fever, weight loss, coughing, and night sweats
Correct Answer
B. Tuberculosis
Explanation
Tuberculosis is the correct answer because it is a bacterial infection that commonly presents with symptoms such as fatigue, fever, weight loss, coughing, and night sweats. These symptoms are characteristic of tuberculosis and differentiate it from other conditions such as hepatitis, common cold, and chickenpox.
12.
It is often a mild illness, characterized by an itchy rash on the face, scalp and trunk with pink spots and tiny fluid-filled blisters that dry and become scabs four to five days later.
Correct Answer
D. Chicken Pox
Explanation
Chicken Pox is the correct answer because it is a mild illness characterized by an itchy rash on the face, scalp, and trunk with pink spots and tiny fluid-filled blisters that dry and become scabs four to five days later. This description matches the symptoms commonly associated with Chicken Pox.
13.
Symptoms are:
–Loss of appetite
–Mild Fever
–Muscle or joint aches
–Nausea
–Slight abdominal pain
–Vomiting
–Weight Loss
Correct Answer
A. Hepatitis
Explanation
The given symptoms, such as loss of appetite, mild fever, muscle or joint aches, nausea, slight abdominal pain, vomiting, and weight loss, are commonly associated with hepatitis. Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver, which can be caused by various factors including viral infections, alcohol abuse, and certain medications. These symptoms are often present in individuals with hepatitis, indicating that it is the most likely explanation for the given symptoms.