Cell Biology - A Closer Look At Cell Membranes
(204).webp "Cell Biology - A Closer Look At Cell Membranes - Quiz")
This test will revolve around: Membrane structure and its function, diffusion and membrane transport, membrane trafficking, and osmosis.
- 1.
What is the basic structure of all cell membranes?
- A.
The phospholipid bilayer with many embedded proteins
- B.
![Cell Biology - A Closer Look At Cell Membranes - Quiz]()
- C.
The nucleus
- D.
The phosphatidylcholine
Correct Answer
A. The pHospHolipid bilayer with many embedded proteinsExplanation
The basic structure of all cell membranes is the phospholipid bilayer with many embedded proteins. The phospholipid bilayer consists of two layers of phospholipids, with their hydrophilic heads facing outward and their hydrophobic tails facing inward. This structure provides a barrier that separates the internal contents of the cell from the external environment. The embedded proteins within the phospholipid bilayer play various roles such as transport of molecules across the membrane, signal transduction, and cell adhesion. These proteins are essential for the proper functioning of the cell membrane.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A membrane is a continuous, selectively permeable barrier
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A membrane is a continuous, selectively permeable barrier that allows certain substances to pass through while blocking others. This statement is true because membranes are made up of phospholipids arranged in a bilayer, with hydrophobic tails facing inward and hydrophilic heads facing outward. This structure creates a barrier that only allows small, nonpolar molecules to pass through freely, while larger or charged molecules require specific transport proteins to cross the membrane. Therefore, membranes play a crucial role in regulating the movement of substances in and out of cells, making the statement true.Rate this question:
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- 3.
You are at work and a new animal health student comes in. You decide to help her homework by Checking the components of a phospholipid molecule. ( Include vague and detailed answers)
- A.
Phosphate
- B.
A carbon atom interacting with the hydrogen oxide
- C.
A phosphate head with two fatty acids tails
- D.
The polar head is hydrophobic
- E.
The polar head is hydrophilic
- F.
The polar head --> hydrophilic means it interacts with water molecules
- G.
The polar head --> hydrophobic means it does not interact with water molecules
- H.
Nonpolar tails : hydrophobic
- I.
Nonpolar tails: hybrophilic
- J.
It has polar tails
Correct Answer(s)
A. pHospHate
C. A pHospHate head with two fatty acids tails
E. The polar head is hydropHilic
F. The polar head --> hydropHilic means it interacts with water molecules
H. Nonpolar tails : hydropHobicExplanation
The phospholipid molecule consists of a phosphate group attached to a glycerol backbone, with two fatty acid tails. The phosphate head of the molecule is hydrophilic, meaning it has an affinity for water molecules and can interact with them. On the other hand, the fatty acid tails are hydrophobic, meaning they do not interact with water molecules. Therefore, the polar head of the phospholipid molecule interacts with water, while the nonpolar tails repel water.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Phosphatidylcholime is the most uncommon phospholipid component of all animal cell membranes.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
It is the MOST common.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What state is the lipid bilayer found in?
- A.
Solid
- B.
Liquid: fluid
- C.
Gas
- D.
Jello-like
Correct Answer
B. Liquid: fluidExplanation
The lipid bilayer is found in a liquid or fluid state. This is because lipids are hydrophobic molecules that form a double layer in an aqueous environment. The fluidity of the lipid bilayer allows for the movement of molecules and proteins within the cell membrane, which is crucial for various cellular processes such as cell signaling and membrane transport.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What is the word to explain that a cell membrane allows certain substances to pass through and not others? ( No capitals)
Correct Answer
semipermeableExplanation
A cell membrane is described as semipermeable because it selectively allows certain substances to pass through while blocking others. This means that it permits the passage of specific molecules or ions based on their size, charge, or solubility, while restricting the movement of others. The term "semipermeable" accurately captures this characteristic of the cell membrane, making it the correct answer.Rate this question:
- 7.
What is a vesicle?
- A.
....a small membrane-enclosed sack that can store or transport substances.
- B.
....synthase to make ATP
- C.
An MHC molecule to identify a cell
- D.
A phospholipid
Correct Answer
A. ....a small membrane-enclosed sack that can store or transport substances.Explanation
A vesicle is a small membrane-enclosed sack that can store or transport substances. This definition accurately describes the nature and function of a vesicle. Vesicles are involved in various cellular processes such as the transport of molecules within a cell and the secretion of substances outside the cell. They are formed from the cell membrane and contain a variety of molecules including proteins, lipids, and other cellular components. The membrane surrounding the vesicle allows it to selectively transport and store substances, making it an essential component in cellular functioning.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of these answers is a correct reason in differences in membrane composition?
- A.
Membranes do not differ in composition. The DNA is the difference
- B.
The carbohydrates seperate
- C.
Different kind of cells have different kinds of membranes
- D.
The surface of a lipid bilayer is different, but the rest is the same.
Correct Answer
C. Different kind of cells have different kinds of membranesExplanation
Different kind of cells have different kinds of membranes because the composition of membranes can vary depending on the specific cell type. Each cell type requires a unique set of membrane proteins and lipids to perform its specific functions. This variation in membrane composition allows cells to have different properties and perform different functions in the body.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Is it true that a cell membrane helps vesicles forms?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The cell membrane plays a crucial role in the formation of vesicles. Vesicles are small sacs made up of lipid bilayers, similar to the cell membrane. These sacs can transport molecules within the cell or to the cell's exterior. The process of vesicle formation, known as budding, occurs when a portion of the cell membrane pinches off to create a vesicle. This process is facilitated by specific proteins and lipids present in the cell membrane. Therefore, it is true that the cell membrane helps vesicles form.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A cell membrane brings together the contents of a cell from its surroundings.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
False. It seperates.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Through protein channels, a cell membrane can control the movement of materials into and out of the cell.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Protein channels in the cell membrane play a crucial role in regulating the movement of materials into and out of the cell. These channels act as gatekeepers, allowing specific molecules or ions to pass through while blocking others. By selectively controlling the flow of substances, the cell can maintain homeostasis and ensure that essential nutrients enter the cell while waste products and toxins are expelled. This process is vital for the proper functioning of cells and is facilitated by protein channels embedded within the cell membrane.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The cell membrane interacts with the environment surrounding the cell.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The cell membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that separates the internal environment of the cell from the external environment. It plays a crucial role in regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell, allowing for the exchange of nutrients, waste products, and signaling molecules with the surrounding environment. Through various mechanisms such as receptor proteins and ion channels, the cell membrane enables the cell to interact and respond to changes in its external environment, making the statement true.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What does a fluid mosaic model describe?
- A.
The organisation of cell membranes.
- B.
The polar and bipolar components.
- C.
What comes in and out of the cell.
- D.
Just the shape.
Correct Answer
A. The organisation of cell membranes.Explanation
The fluid mosaic model describes the organization of cell membranes. This model suggests that the cell membrane is composed of a fluid lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. The lipids in the membrane can move laterally, giving the membrane fluidity. The proteins within the membrane can also move and float within the lipid bilayer, creating a mosaic-like pattern. This model helps to explain how the cell membrane functions as a selectively permeable barrier, allowing certain molecules to enter and exit the cell while maintaining its structural integrity.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The bilayer is a mosaic mixture of:
- A.
Interacts with the environment surrounding the cell
- B.
Glycolipids - oligosaccharides
- C.
Sterols - in animals: cholesterol; in plants: phytosterols
- D.
Proteins with many functions
- E.
ATP and NaPH
- F.
ATP synthase
- G.
Really hard solids
- H.
Fluids
- I.
Surfaces are the same
- J.
Surfaces are very limited due to oligosaccharides
- K.
Surfaces differ
Correct Answer(s)
A. Interacts with the environment surrounding the cell
B. Glycolipids - oligosaccharides
C. Sterols - in animals: cholesterol; in plants: pHytosterols
D. Proteins with many functions
H. Fluids
K. Surfaces differExplanation
The correct answer includes the statement "interacts with the environment surrounding the cell," which refers to the bilayer of the cell membrane. This statement indicates that the bilayer is involved in interactions with the external environment. The answer also mentions other components of the bilayer, such as glycolipids (oligosaccharides), sterols (cholesterol in animals and phytosterols in plants), proteins with various functions, and the presence of fluids. Additionally, it states that the surfaces of the bilayer differ, suggesting that the two layers of the bilayer have distinct properties.Rate this question:
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- 15.
- A.
This is a fluid
- B.
The membrane is a solid but has fluid in it
- C.
This is a solid
- D.
This picture is photoshopped and unrealistic
Correct Answer
A. This is a fluid -
- 16.
Is the phospholipid flexible? Does its fluidity allow lateral movement?
- A.
Yes and yes.
- B.
No and no.
- C.
Yes and no.
- D.
No, but yes.
Correct Answer
A. Yes and yes.Explanation
Phospholipids are flexible molecules due to the presence of a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head. This flexibility allows them to move laterally within the cell membrane. The fluidity of phospholipids enables various cellular processes such as the movement of proteins, lipids, and other molecules within the membrane. Therefore, the correct answer is "Yes and yes."Rate this question:
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- 17.
What does fluidity depend on to cause differences?
- A.
Temperature and lipid composition.
- B.
Lipid composition and DNA.
- C.
Lipid composition and the kinds of phospholipids.
- D.
The different kinds of numbers of carbohydrates attached to membrane proteins.
Correct Answer
A. Temperature and lipid composition.Explanation
Fluidity refers to the ability of molecules to move within a substance. In the context of this question, it is referring to the fluidity of cell membranes. The fluidity of cell membranes depends on two factors: temperature and lipid composition. Temperature affects membrane fluidity because it influences the movement of lipid molecules. As temperature increases, the lipid molecules move more rapidly, increasing membrane fluidity. Lipid composition also plays a role in membrane fluidity as different types of lipids have different properties. Lipids with unsaturated fatty acids have kinks in their tails, which prevents them from packing tightly together, resulting in a more fluid membrane. Therefore, temperature and lipid composition are the factors that cause differences in membrane fluidity.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Do warmer temperature make the fluidity more efficient?
- A.
Yes
- B.
Not really.
Correct Answer
A. YesExplanation
Warmer temperatures generally increase the kinetic energy of molecules in a fluid, causing them to move more quickly and collide more frequently. This increased molecular motion leads to decreased viscosity and increased fluidity, making the fluid flow more efficiently. Therefore, warmer temperatures do make the fluidity more efficient.Rate this question:
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- 19.
How do B cell receptors help?
- A.
They help the body eliminate toxins and infectious agents such as bacteria.
- B.
An identifier.
- C.
Helps ATP synthase as to not over do it.
- D.
It coagulates the blood.
Correct Answer
A. They help the body eliminate toxins and infectious agents such as bacteria.Explanation
B cell receptors play a crucial role in the immune response by recognizing and binding to specific antigens present on pathogens such as bacteria. This binding triggers a series of events that lead to the elimination of the pathogens, either by directly neutralizing them or by activating other immune cells to attack and destroy them. Therefore, B cell receptors help the body eliminate toxins and infectious agents, contributing to the overall defense against infections.Rate this question:
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- 20.
ATP synthases to make ATP, but only does when _____ flows through its interior.
- A.
H+
- B.
OH-
Correct Answer
A. H+Explanation
ATP synthases are enzymes that are responsible for synthesizing ATP, the energy currency of cells. They do so by utilizing the energy from a proton (H+) gradient across a membrane. This gradient is generated by the movement of protons from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Therefore, ATP synthases only function when H+ ions flow through their interior, allowing them to harness the energy from this movement and convert it into ATP.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Calcium pumps move calcium ions across the membrane, but require ____ energy.
- A.
Molecular
- B.
Kinetic
- C.
Glucose
- D.
ATP
Correct Answer
D. ATPExplanation
Calcium pumps are responsible for moving calcium ions across the membrane. This process requires energy in the form of ATP. ATP is a high-energy molecule that provides the necessary energy for cellular processes, including the movement of ions. Therefore, ATP is required for the functioning of calcium pumps and the transportation of calcium ions across the membrane.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What is the function of adhesion proteins?
- A.
..attach of a cell to another and to extrcellular matrix
- B.
..attach to some oxygen
- C.
Speeds a reaction
- D.
It attaches to make a change
Correct Answer
A. ..attach of a cell to another and to extrcellular matrixExplanation
Adhesion proteins play a crucial role in attaching a cell to another cell and to the extracellular matrix. These proteins are responsible for maintaining the structural integrity of tissues and organs by allowing cells to adhere to their surroundings. They facilitate cell-cell communication, cell migration, and tissue development. Without adhesion proteins, cells would not be able to properly adhere to each other or to the extracellular matrix, leading to disrupted tissue organization and impaired cellular function.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Where is the adhesion protein located on the membrane?
- A.
Integral
- B.
Peripheral
- C.
Integral or peripheral
- D.
No where, it outside the membrane
Correct Answer
A. IntegralExplanation
The adhesion protein is located on the membrane in an integral position. Integral proteins are embedded within the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane, allowing them to interact with both the interior and exterior of the cell. This positioning is essential for the adhesion protein to fulfill its function of mediating cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions. Peripheral proteins, on the other hand, are located on the surface of the membrane and do not penetrate the lipid bilayer. Therefore, the correct answer is integral.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What is the function of an enzyme? ( You better get this one!)
- A.
To speed up a chemical reaction
- B.
To slow down a chemical reaction
- C.
For goats to go into their matrix in their mitochondrions
- D.
For nothing; they are lame.
Correct Answer
A. To speed up a chemical reactionExplanation
Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. They do this by binding to the reactant molecules and facilitating the formation of the transition state, which leads to the formation of products. This allows the reaction to occur more quickly, making enzymes essential for various biological processes such as digestion, metabolism, and DNA replication.Rate this question:
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- 25.
What kind of tasks do the enzymes play in?
- A.
Aerobic respiration and photosynthesis
- B.
In explosions
- C.
Only photosynthesis
- D.
Only aerobic respiration
Correct Answer
A. Aerobic respiration and pHotosynthesisExplanation
Enzymes play a crucial role in both aerobic respiration and photosynthesis. In aerobic respiration, enzymes are involved in breaking down glucose molecules and releasing energy. They facilitate the various steps of the metabolic pathway, such as glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. In photosynthesis, enzymes are responsible for catalyzing the chemical reactions that convert light energy into chemical energy. They are involved in the synthesis of glucose and other organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water. Therefore, enzymes are essential for the proper functioning of both aerobic respiration and photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Where are enzymes found in the membrane?
- A.
Interal or peripheral
- B.
Just interal
Correct Answer
A. Interal or peripHeralExplanation
Enzymes can be found in both the integral and peripheral regions of the membrane. Integral enzymes are embedded within the lipid bilayer, whereas peripheral enzymes are attached to the surface of the membrane. This distribution allows enzymes to carry out their specific functions, such as catalyzing chemical reactions, either within the hydrophobic interior of the membrane or on the outer surface. The presence of enzymes in both regions contributes to the overall efficiency and regulation of cellular processes.Rate this question:
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- 27.
What is the idea behind receptor proteins? ( What function)
- A.
Building signaling molecules
- B.
To make molecules that glow
- C.
Identifier of a cell type, individual, or species
- D.
To feel the pain in case trauma occurs
Correct Answer
A. Building signaling moleculesExplanation
Receptor proteins are responsible for building signaling molecules. These molecules play a crucial role in cell communication and transmitting information between cells. Receptor proteins are located on the surface of cells and bind to specific molecules, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. This binding triggers a series of biochemical reactions within the cell, leading to various cellular responses. Therefore, receptor proteins are essential for the proper functioning of cells and the coordination of physiological processes.Rate this question:
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- 28.
What is the membrane attachment for receptor proteins?
- A.
Integral
- B.
Peripheral
- C.
Integral or peripheral
- D.
It does not exist
Correct Answer
C. Integral or peripHeralExplanation
Receptor proteins can be attached to the cell membrane either through integral or peripheral attachment. Integral attachment refers to the protein being embedded within the lipid bilayer of the membrane, while peripheral attachment means that the protein is attached to the surface of the membrane. Therefore, receptor proteins can have either integral or peripheral membrane attachment depending on their specific structure and function.Rate this question:
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- 29.
This is an recognition protein. What is its function?
- A.
Identifier of cell type, individual, or species.
- B.
Acts like a telephone.
- C.
Allows movement in between cells.
- D.
Attachment of different cells.
Correct Answer
A. Identifier of cell type, individual, or species.Explanation
This recognition protein functions as an identifier of cell type, individual, or species. It helps in distinguishing and recognizing different cells based on their specific characteristics.Rate this question:
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- 30.
With passive transporter, do you requires ATP (energy) to transport the molecules or ions?
- A.
No, you don't.
- B.
Yes.
- C.
No, you need glucose.
- D.
Yes, but not all the time.
Correct Answer
A. No, you don't.Explanation
Passive transporters do not require ATP (energy) to transport molecules or ions. Passive transport occurs down the concentration gradient, meaning that molecules or ions move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the need for energy. This process includes simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion, which both occur through passive transporters. Therefore, ATP is not needed for the transportation of molecules or ions in passive transport.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Why does passive transporter need or not need energy?
- A.
Doesn't ....Because it goes from high to low concentration
- B.
Does...Due to the fact it goes from low to high concentration.
- C.
Since no ATP is needed, it needs energy.
- D.
Since ATP is needed, it needs no energy.
Correct Answer
A. Doesn't ....Because it goes from high to low concentrationExplanation
Passive transporters do not require energy because they transport molecules or ions across a membrane along their concentration gradient, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This process is driven by the inherent kinetic energy of the molecules themselves and does not involve the use of ATP or any other external energy source.Rate this question:
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- 32.
What is the active transporter?
- A.
A protein that transports molecules or ions with the use of energy.
- B.
A protein that transports molecules or ions without the need of ATP.
- C.
An identifier of cells that transports the messages to the brain.
- D.
The protein that speeds a reaction by transporting the molecules to the nucleus.
Correct Answer
A. A protein that transports molecules or ions with the use of energy.Explanation
The active transporter is a protein that transports molecules or ions with the use of energy. This means that it requires energy, usually in the form of ATP, to move molecules or ions across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient. Active transport is essential for maintaining proper ion concentrations and for the uptake of nutrients in cells. Unlike passive transport, which does not require energy, active transport allows cells to move substances against their natural flow, enabling them to perform vital functions in the body.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Where to find the passive transporter?
- A.
Integral
- B.
Peripheral
Correct Answer
A. IntegralExplanation
Passive transporters are integral membrane proteins that facilitate the movement of molecules across the cell membrane without the need for energy. These transporters are embedded within the lipid bilayer of the membrane, making them an integral part of the membrane structure. Therefore, to find the passive transporter, one would need to look for it within the integral membrane proteins. Peripheral membrane proteins, on the other hand, are not embedded within the membrane and are typically found on the surface of the membrane.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Ions and molecules tend to move from one region to another, in response to _________.
Correct Answer
gradientsExplanation
Ions and molecules tend to move from one region to another in response to gradients. Gradients refer to the differences in concentration, pressure, or electrical potential between two regions. These differences create a driving force that causes the ions and molecules to move in an attempt to equalize the gradient. This movement is known as diffusion or active transport, depending on the specific mechanism involved.Rate this question:
- 35.
Check some characteristics of selective permeability. P.S: CM= cell membrane
- A.
Ability of CM to control which substances goes on or out of the cell.
- B.
Allow the cell to have a difference between internal and external extracellular fluid.
- C.
Supplies the cell with nutrients, removes wastes and changes volume and pH.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Ability of CM to control which substances goes on or out of the cell.
B. Allow the cell to have a difference between internal and external extracellular fluid.Explanation
Correction: Supplies the cell with nutrients, removes wastes, and maintains volume and pH.Rate this question:
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- 36.
What is this?
Correct Answer(s)
selectively permeable membraneExplanation
A selectively permeable membrane refers to a barrier that allows certain substances to pass through while restricting the passage of others. It is able to selectively control the movement of molecules based on their size, charge, or other properties. This type of membrane is commonly found in cells and plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating the flow of nutrients and waste products.Rate this question:
- 37.
Which one of these will move freely across the lipid bilayer?
- A.
Sucrose
- B.
O2
- C.
Na
- D.
CO2
- E.
HCO3-
- F.
DNA
- G.
Testosterone
- H.
Lactose
Correct Answer(s)
B. O2
D. CO2
G. TestosteroneExplanation
Sucrose – no, it is polar.
O2 yes.
Na+ no, it is charged.
CO2. yes.
HCO3- no, it is charged..
DNA no, it is very large.
Testosterone yes, it is a small non polar molecule.
Lactose no, it is a disaccharide.Rate this question:
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- 38.
What is a Concentration Gradient?
- A.
A difference in the #\unit volume of ions or molecules of a substance between adjoining regions
- B.
The high to low factor to make curd
- C.
The high to low concentration law
- D.
The difference in the number of solute or solution concentration per unit volume of ions or molecules of a substance between adjoining regions
Correct Answer
A. A difference in the #\unit volume of ions or molecules of a substance between adjoining regionsExplanation
The correct answer is "A difference in the #\unit volume of ions or molecules of a substance between adjoining regions." This explanation accurately describes a concentration gradient as a difference in the number of ions or molecules of a substance between neighboring regions. This gradient represents a change in concentration, typically from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Diffusion is the ___________ movement of ___ down a concentration gradient. ( seperate words by a space)
Correct Answer
net moleculesExplanation
Diffusion is the movement of net molecules down a concentration gradient. This means that molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. The term "net molecules" refers to the overall movement of molecules in a particular direction, taking into account both the molecules that are moving towards the higher concentration and those that are moving towards the lower concentration.Rate this question:
- 40.
A substance diffuses in a direction set by its _____ concentration gradient, not by the gradients of other solutes around it.
Correct Answer
ownExplanation
A substance diffuses in a direction set by its own concentration gradient, not by the gradients of other solutes around it. This means that the substance will move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached. The concentration gradient refers to the difference in concentration between two areas, and it determines the direction and rate of diffusion. Therefore, the substance will only be influenced by its own concentration gradient, rather than the gradients of other solutes.Rate this question:
- 41.
What is this an example of?
Correct Answer
diffusionExplanation
This is an example of diffusion, which is the process of particles spreading out and moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.Rate this question:
- 42.
Which law does this follow? ( Hint: Law of ____ )
Correct Answer
law of diffusionExplanation
The given answer states that the law being referred to is the "law of diffusion." This suggests that the question is asking about a specific scientific principle or rule that governs the process of diffusion. The law of diffusion is a well-known scientific concept that describes the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. It states that the rate of diffusion is directly proportional to the concentration gradient and inversely proportional to the distance over which diffusion occurs. Therefore, the correct answer is the law of diffusion.Rate this question:
- 43.
The rate of diffusion depends on 5 factors, such as the steepness of the concentration gradient, which says that the rate of diffusion is higher with steeper gradients. Name the 4 others factors without capitals in alphabetical order and by seperating them with a space. ( Hint: One word each)
Correct Answer
charge pressure size temperatureExplanation
The rate of diffusion depends on four factors: charge, pressure, size, and temperature. These factors affect the movement of particles and determine how quickly they can diffuse from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.Rate this question:
- 44.
Which of these can diffuse freely across a lipid bilayer?
- A.
Gases
- B.
Polysaccharides
- C.
Nonpolar molecules
- D.
Large polar molecules
- E.
Large ions
Correct Answer(s)
A. Gases
C. Nonpolar moleculesExplanation
Gases and nonpolar molecules can diffuse freely across a lipid bilayer because they are small and hydrophobic, allowing them to pass through the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer. On the other hand, large polar molecules, large ions, and polysaccharides are hydrophilic and cannot easily pass through the lipid bilayer without the help of specific transport proteins or channels.Rate this question:
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- 45.
If only certain things can pass freely across a lipid bilayer, how can the others pass? ( name one method; one-two words maximum)
Correct Answer(s)
passive transport
active transport
endocytosis
E.ExocytosisExplanation
The different methods mentioned in the answer - passive transport, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis - allow for the passage of substances across a lipid bilayer. Passive transport refers to the movement of molecules down their concentration gradient without the need for energy. Active transport, on the other hand, requires energy and allows molecules to move against their concentration gradient. Endocytosis involves the engulfment of substances into the cell by forming a vesicle, while exocytosis involves the release of substances from the cell by fusing a vesicle with the cell membrane.Rate this question:
- 46.
What is endocytosis?
- A.
Vesicle movement bringing substances in bulk into cell.
- B.
Vesicle movement ejects substances in bulk from cell.
- C.
Vesicle movement bringing substances with ATP synthase.
- D.
Vesicle movement ejecting substances with a bridge.
Correct Answer
A. Vesicle movement bringing substances in bulk into cell.Explanation
Endocytosis is a process in which the cell takes in substances from the external environment by forming vesicles. These vesicles are formed by the plasma membrane folding inwards and engulfing the substances. This process allows the cell to bring in large molecules or particles that cannot pass through the membrane on their own. Therefore, the correct answer is "Vesicle movement bringing substances in bulk into cell."Rate this question:
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- 47.
What is exocytosis?
- A.
Vesicle movement ejects substances in bulk from cell.
- B.
Vesicle movement brings substances in bulk into cell.
- C.
Vesicle movement moving cell from one spot to another.
- D.
Vesicle movement ejects the substance with a bridge.
Correct Answer
A. Vesicle movement ejects substances in bulk from cell.Explanation
Exocytosis is a cellular process in which vesicles, small membrane-bound sacs, fuse with the cell membrane and release their contents outside of the cell. This process allows the cell to secrete substances such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and digestive enzymes. The correct answer states that vesicle movement ejects substances in bulk from the cell, which accurately describes the process of exocytosis.Rate this question:
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- 48.
A gated passive transporter changes shape when a specific molecule binds to it.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A gated passive transporter refers to a type of protein that facilitates the movement of molecules across a cell membrane. In this case, the correct answer is true because a gated passive transporter undergoes a conformational change or shape change when a specific molecule binds to it. This change in shape allows the transporter to open up and allow the molecule to pass through the membrane. Therefore, the statement accurately describes the behavior of a gated passive transporter.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Calcium pumps are active transporters that moves calcium ions across muscle cell membranes into......
- A.
The sarcoplasmic reticulum
- B.
The bone asparatus
- C.
The bones with deffiency in calcium
- D.
The endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer
A. The sarcoplasmic reticulumExplanation
Calcium pumps are active transporters that move calcium ions across muscle cell membranes. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized organelle found in muscle cells that stores and releases calcium ions. Therefore, it is the correct location for calcium ions to be transported to by calcium pumps. The bone apparatus and bones with deficiency in calcium are not involved in the transport of calcium ions by calcium pumps. The endoplasmic reticulum is a different organelle found in all eukaryotic cells, but it is not specifically involved in the transport of calcium ions by calcium pumps in muscle cells.Rate this question:
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After watching the first 2:35 minutes of the video, can you pick the right definition of a cotransporter? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1RUnTEwO3Qg
- A.
An active transport protein that moves two substances across a membrane at the same time.
- B.
An active transport protein that moves two substances out a membrane at the same time.
- C.
An active transport protein that moves two substances at different times.
- D.
A transport that moves two substances in two different directions, while also being able to make them go in the same direction without any different components.
Correct Answer
A. An active transport protein that moves two substances across a membrane at the same time.Explanation
The correct definition of a cotransporter is an active transport protein that moves two substances across a membrane at the same time. This means that the cotransporter is able to transport two different substances simultaneously, in the same direction, across a membrane. This is different from the other options which either involve moving substances out of a membrane, at different times, or in different directions.Rate this question:
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Mar 26, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Oct 29, 2011Quiz Created by
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