Cell Biology- Ground Rules Of Metabolism
This quiz will cover topics such as: Energy flow in the world of life, how enzymes work, the nature of metabolism, and metabolism everywhere.
- 1.
What is energy?
- A.
The capacity to do work.
- B.
The electrical outlet giving energy for different appliances.
- C.
Work times displacement only.
- D.
The capacity to do work and stop work from happening.
Correct Answer
A. The capacity to do work.Explanation
Energy is defined as the capacity to do work. Work is the transfer of energy from one object to another, or the transformation of energy from one form to another. Therefore, energy is the ability or potential to perform work or cause a change in a system. It is not limited to a specific source or form, but encompasses various types of energy such as mechanical, electrical, thermal, and chemical energy.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Energy tends to spread, or disperge, almost immediately.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Energy tends to spread, or disperse, almost immediately. This is because energy naturally flows from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. When energy is concentrated in one place, it will naturally disperse and spread out to fill the surrounding space. This can be observed in various forms of energy, such as heat, sound, and light, as they all tend to spread out and fill their environment. Therefore, the statement that energy tends to spread almost immediately is true.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Can organisms replenish themselves with energy they harvest from some other place to maintain their complex organisation?
- A.
Indeed, they can.
- B.
No, they do not replenish themselves. They need to feed on something.
Correct Answer
A. Indeed, they can.Explanation
Organisms have the ability to replenish themselves with energy that they harvest from external sources. This energy is used to maintain their complex organization and carry out various biological processes. They can obtain this energy through processes such as photosynthesis in plants or by consuming other organisms as food. This energy allows organisms to grow, reproduce, and carry out their normal functions, ensuring their survival and maintaining their complex organization.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
- A.
The concept that enthropy increases spontaneously.
- B.
Work occur after energy is spent.
- C.
Energy does not appear from nowhere and does not vanish into nothing.
- D.
Energy is the capacity to do work.
Correct Answer
C. Energy does not appear from nowhere and does not vanish into nothing.Explanation
The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred or converted from one form to another. This means that energy is conserved in any process, and it cannot appear out of nowhere or disappear into nothingness. This law is also known as the law of conservation of energy.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Do we ever see cool air raising the temperature of a hot pan?
- A.
Yes
- B.
No
Correct Answer
B. NoExplanation
Heat would flow from a hot pan to air in a cool kitchen until the temperature of both is the same.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Simply speaking, what is enthropy?
- A.
A measure of the heat that is released during an exothermic reaction.
- B.
A measure of how much the energy of a particular system has become dispersed.
- C.
A measure of difference between the past and present heat that happened during the heat transfer.
- D.
Simply a definition to describe heat.
Correct Answer
B. A measure of how much the energy of a particular system has become dispersed.Explanation
Entropy is a measure of how much the energy of a particular system has become dispersed. It quantifies the level of disorder or randomness in a system. In other words, it measures the number of ways in which the energy of a system can be distributed among its particles or components. A higher entropy value indicates a higher degree of disorder, while a lower entropy value indicates a higher degree of order or organization.Rate this question:
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- 7.
As heat flows from the pan into the air, the enthropy of the system....
- A.
Increases
- B.
Decreases
- C.
Stays the same
Correct Answer
A. IncreasesExplanation
As heat flows from the pan into the air, the entropy of the system increases. This is because entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. When heat is transferred, the molecules in the air become more energetic and move around more randomly, increasing the disorder in the system and therefore increasing the entropy.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The concept that enthropy increases spontaneously is the..
- A.
First law of thermodynamics
- B.
Second law of thermodynamics
- C.
Third law of thermodynamics
- D.
Fourth law of thermodynamics
Correct Answer
B. Second law of thermodynamicsExplanation
The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system always increases or remains constant over time. Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system. This law explains why certain processes, such as heat transfer from a hot object to a cold one, occur spontaneously and why it is impossible to have a 100% efficient heat engine. The concept that entropy increases spontaneously aligns with the second law of thermodynamics.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Is it true or false, that that the concept of enthropy applies to chemical bonding, because of the energy flow in the world of life that occurs by making and breaking chemical bonds?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The concept of entropy applies to chemical bonding because when chemical bonds are formed or broken, there is a flow of energy in the world of life. Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system, and this energy flow during chemical bonding contributes to the overall entropy of the system. Therefore, it is true that the concept of entropy applies to chemical bonding.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Potential energy is the capacity to do work thanks to the __________. (A component of an object\person)
Correct Answer
moleculesExplanation
Potential energy is the capacity to do work, and in this context, it is attributed to the molecules. Molecules possess potential energy because of their arrangement and the forces between them. This energy can be converted into other forms, such as kinetic energy, when the molecules interact or move. Therefore, the molecules in an object or person have the potential to do work, making them the component responsible for potential energy.Rate this question:
- 11.
Kinetic energy is the energy of _____.
Correct Answer
motionExplanation
Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion. When an object is in motion, it has the ability to do work and transfer energy to other objects. The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it possesses. Therefore, the correct answer is "motion" as it accurately represents the source of kinetic energy.Rate this question:
- 12.
Potential energy comes from the _______ energy.
Correct Answer
chemicalExplanation
Potential energy comes from the chemical energy. Chemical energy is a form of potential energy that is stored in the bonds of molecules. When these bonds are broken, the stored energy is released and can be converted into other forms of energy such as thermal, mechanical, or electrical energy. Therefore, the correct answer is chemical.Rate this question:
- 13.
The transfer of energy from another that form, generates heat. This is called ______. (Hint:_____ energy)
Correct Answer
thermal energy
Thermal energyExplanation
The transfer of energy from one form to another that generates heat is called thermal energy. Thermal energy refers to the energy that is produced by the movement of particles within a substance. It is a form of kinetic energy and is responsible for the sensation of heat. The answer "thermal energy" and "Thermal energy" both correctly explain this concept.Rate this question:
- 14.
The chemical work is an energy used in cells....
- A.
....to stockpile, build, rearrange, and break apart substances
- B.
....to move flagella and other cell structures
- C.
....to move charged substances into or out of cytoplasm or an organelle compartment
- D.
....the break and make chemical bonds for potential energy to be present.
Correct Answer
A. ....to stockpile, build, rearrange, and break apart substancesExplanation
The correct answer is "....to stockpile, build, rearrange, and break apart substances". Chemical work refers to the energy used by cells to perform various chemical reactions such as synthesizing molecules, breaking down substances, and rearranging components to maintain cellular processes. This energy is essential for the cell to carry out metabolic activities, maintain homeostasis, and support growth and development.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Mechanical work is energy used in cells....
- A.
....to move charged substances into or out of cytoplasm or an organelle compartment
- B.
....to move flagella and other cell structures
- C.
....to ensure the tasks in a cell are performed
- D.
....to stockpile, build, rearrange, and break apart substances
Correct Answer
B. ....to move flagella and other cell structures -
- 16.
Electrochemical work is energy used in cells....
- A.
....to stockpile, build, rearrange, and break apart substances
- B.
....to move flagella and other cell structures
- C.
....to move charged substances into or out of cytoplasm or an organelle compartment
- D.
....to correctly perform tasks in a cell that need charges or electromgnetic forces to function
Correct Answer
C. ....to move charged substances into or out of cytoplasm or an organelle compartmentExplanation
Electrochemical work refers to the energy used in cells to move charged substances into or out of the cytoplasm or an organelle compartment. This process is essential for maintaining the proper balance of ions and molecules within the cell, as well as for transporting substances across cellular membranes. By utilizing electrochemical gradients, cells are able to actively transport ions and molecules, allowing them to perform various functions such as nutrient uptake, waste removal, and cell signaling. This energy expenditure is crucial for the overall functioning and homeostasis of the cell.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but can be transferred from one form to another
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement "Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but can be transferred from one form to another" is a fundamental principle known as the law of conservation of energy. According to this law, energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change from one form to another. This means that the total amount of energy in a closed system remains constant over time. Energy can be converted between different forms such as mechanical, thermal, electrical, or chemical, but the total energy remains unchanged. This principle is widely accepted and supported by numerous scientific experiments and observations. Therefore, the answer is true.Rate this question:
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- 18.
When an endergonic reaction is taking place, what happens to the enthropy?
- A.
....it decreases for 2 atoms when a bond forms between them
- B.
....it increases for 2 atoms when a bond forms in between them
- C.
....it remains the same because no bonds are being formed, but are only entering the particular system
- D.
...it decreases for the 2 atoms because a bond is being broken
Correct Answer
A. ....it decreases for 2 atoms when a bond forms between themExplanation
When a bond forms between two atoms during an endergonic reaction, the entropy decreases. This is because the formation of a bond reduces the number of possible arrangements of the atoms, leading to a decrease in disorder or randomness. Therefore, the entropy decreases for the two atoms involved in the bond formation.Rate this question:
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- 19.
During metabolic chemical reactions, some energy is lost but heat and cells can recapture it
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
During metabolic chemical reactions, some energy is lost as heat and cells cannot recapture it.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Entropy in the Universe is increasing because usable energy is decreasing. Can you remember what this term is called? (Hint: 2 words)
Correct Answer
heat deathExplanation
The term "heat death" refers to the concept in thermodynamics that predicts the ultimate fate of the universe. It suggests that as usable energy in the universe decreases, entropy (disorder) increases, eventually leading to a state of maximum entropy where no energy is available for use. This state is often referred to as "heat death" because it implies a complete lack of energy transfer or any possibility of further work being done in the universe.Rate this question:
- 21.
Check off where there are no entropy changes.
- A.
Hot pans cool off
- B.
Water spontaneously flows down Niagara Falls
- C.
A dog barking
- D.
The air in a tire will blow out into the atmosphere if the Tire’s walls are punctured
- E.
When gasoline is mixed with air in a car’s cylinders, it reacts with oxygen if a spark is introduced
- F.
The pressing of keyboard keys
- G.
Ice melting in a warm room
- H.
People jumping on a big plastic ball
- I.
A beaker going from 5ml to 5.1ml
- J.
When you pour cream into coffee and the liquids spontaneously mix
Correct Answer
I. A beaker going from 5ml to 5.1mlExplanation
Congratulations, they are all enthropy changes! Except for one which talks about volume and not energy.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Each time energy is transferred, some energy escapes as ____ (not useful for doing work)
Correct Answer
heatExplanation
When energy is transferred from one form to another, such as from mechanical energy to thermal energy, some of the energy is lost as heat. Heat is a form of energy that cannot be used to do work. It is the random motion of particles in a substance and represents the transfer of energy due to temperature differences. This energy is typically dissipated into the surroundings and cannot be harnessed to perform useful tasks or work.Rate this question:
- 23.
Not all living things need a constant input of energy, some can make it themselves.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
They may be able to feed themselves, but all living things need a constant input of energyRate this question:
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 01, 2011Quiz Created by
Caroline Estrada
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