Nervous System 1 (Cpcc-nc)
To review parts and functions of the Nervous System.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which part of the brain coordinates skeletal movement, posture, and position?
- A.
Cerebrum
- B.
Brain Stem
- C.
Cerebellum
- D.
Spinal cord
Correct Answer
C. CerebellumExplanation
The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating skeletal movement, posture, and position. It receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain to fine-tune and coordinate movements. It helps in maintaining balance, muscle tone, and smoothness of movements. The cerebellum also plays a role in motor learning and motor memory.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which sensory pathway relays sensory input from the internal organs to the cerebrum?
- A.
Spinothalamic (Anterolateral) pathways
- B.
Dorsal Column-medial Lemniscal pathways
- C.
Spinocerebellar pathways
- D.
Motor pathways
Correct Answer
A. Spinothalamic (Anterolateral) pathwaysExplanation
The spinothalamic (anterolateral) pathways relay sensory input from the internal organs to the cerebrum. These pathways consist of a chain of neurons that transmit information about pain, temperature, and crude touch from the internal organs to the brain. The information is carried through the spinal cord and then ascends to the thalamus, which acts as a relay station before sending the information to the cerebrum for processing and perception. Unlike the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathways, which transmit fine touch and proprioception, the spinothalamic pathways are responsible for transmitting information about internal organ sensations.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following meninges is located under the Dura Mater?
- A.
Periosteum
- B.
Pia Mater
- C.
Subarachnoid space
- D.
Arachnoid Mater
Correct Answer
D. Arachnoid MaterExplanation
The Arachnoid Mater is located under the Dura Mater. The meninges are the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. The Dura Mater is the outermost layer, and the Arachnoid Mater is the middle layer. The Arachnoid Mater is separated from the Dura Mater by the Subarachnoid space, which contains cerebrospinal fluid. The Pia Mater is the innermost layer that directly covers the brain and spinal cord. Therefore, the correct answer is Arachnoid Mater.Rate this question:
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- 4.
How many cranial nerves are there?
- A.
12
- B.
12 pairs
- C.
6
- D.
6 pairs
Correct Answer
B. 12 pairsExplanation
There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge from the brain and control various functions in the head and neck region. Each pair is responsible for specific sensory and motor functions, such as vision, hearing, taste, and facial movements. The cranial nerves play a crucial role in maintaining the overall functioning of the body and any damage or dysfunction in these nerves can lead to various neurological disorders.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which part of the brain stem integrates the cerebrum with the medulla?
- A.
Midbrain
- B.
Medulla
- C.
Cerebellum
- D.
Pons
Correct Answer
D. PonsExplanation
The pons is the part of the brain stem that integrates the cerebrum with the medulla. It acts as a bridge between the two structures, allowing for communication and coordination between them. The pons also plays a role in regulating sleep, breathing, and other essential functions.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which cerebral lobe is responsible for vision?
- A.
Frontal lobe
- B.
Occipital lobe
- C.
Parietal lobe
- D.
Temporal lobe
Correct Answer
B. Occipital lobeExplanation
The occipital lobe is responsible for vision. It is located at the back of the brain and contains the primary visual cortex, which processes visual information received from the eyes. The occipital lobe helps in perceiving and interpreting visual stimuli, such as shapes, colors, and movement. It plays a crucial role in our ability to see and understand the world around us.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which cranial nerve is responsible for tongue and pharynx function?
- A.
Cranial nerve #12 (Hypoglossal)
- B.
Cranial nerve # 11 (Accessory)
- C.
Cranial nerve # 9 (Glossopharyngeal)
- D.
Cranial nerve # 10 (Vagus)
Correct Answer
C. Cranial nerve # 9 (GlossopHaryngeal)Explanation
The glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve #9) is responsible for tongue and pharynx function. This nerve innervates the muscles involved in swallowing, as well as the taste buds on the posterior third of the tongue. It also provides sensory innervation to the pharynx and tonsils.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of the meninges contains blood vessels that supply the brain?
- A.
Periosteum
- B.
Arachnoid Mater
- C.
Dura Mater
- D.
Pia Mater
Correct Answer
D. Pia MaterExplanation
The Pia Mater is the innermost layer of the meninges and it is in direct contact with the brain. It contains many blood vessels that supply the brain with oxygen and nutrients. These blood vessels are responsible for nourishing the brain and ensuring its proper functioning.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which sensory pathway makes it possible for the cerebrum to perceive the position of joints?
- A.
Neuromuscular tracts/pathways
- B.
Skeletomuscular tracts/pathways
- C.
Spinocerebellar tracts/pathways
- D.
Cerebrospinal tracts/pathways
Correct Answer
C. Spinocerebellar tracts/pathwaysExplanation
The spinocerebellar tracts/pathways are responsible for transmitting sensory information from the muscles, tendons, and joints to the cerebellum. This pathway allows the cerebrum to perceive the position of joints, which is crucial for maintaining balance, coordination, and smooth movements. The cerebellum uses this information to make adjustments and fine-tune motor movements.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What substance fills the ventricles of the brain?
- A.
Cerebrospinal fluid
- B.
Mucus
- C.
Lymph
- D.
Cytoplasm
Correct Answer
A. Cerebrospinal fluidExplanation
Cerebrospinal fluid is the correct answer because it is a clear, colorless fluid that fills the ventricles of the brain. It acts as a cushion, protecting the brain and spinal cord from injury. It also helps to remove waste products from the brain and transport nutrients and hormones to the brain cells. Mucus, lymph, and cytoplasm are not substances that fill the ventricles of the brain.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which cranial nerves are responsible for vision and eyeball movement?
- A.
Cranial nerves # 2 and 3
- B.
Cranial nerves # 1 and 2
- C.
Cranial nerves # 3 and 4
- D.
Cranial nerves # 1, 2, and 3
Correct Answer
A. Cranial nerves # 2 and 3Explanation
Cranial nerve #2, also known as the optic nerve, is responsible for vision. It carries visual information from the retina to the brain. Cranial nerve #3, also known as the oculomotor nerve, is responsible for eyeball movement. It controls the movement of most of the muscles that move the eyeball and also controls the constriction of the pupil. Therefore, cranial nerves #2 and #3 are responsible for both vision and eyeball movement.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What types of nerve cells are associated with the ventral root?
- A.
Sensory neurons
- B.
Motor neurons
- C.
Cranial nerves
- D.
Interneurons
Correct Answer
B. Motor neuronsExplanation
The ventral root is responsible for carrying motor information from the spinal cord to the muscles and glands of the body. Motor neurons are the nerve cells that transmit these signals and control muscle movement. Therefore, motor neurons are the types of nerve cells associated with the ventral root.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following is NOT a subdivision of the brain stem?
- A.
Midbrain
- B.
Pons
- C.
Hypothalamus
- D.
Medulla
Correct Answer
C. HypothalamusExplanation
The hypothalamus is not a subdivision of the brain stem. It is a small but crucial part of the diencephalon, which is located below the thalamus and above the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus plays a vital role in regulating various bodily functions, such as body temperature, hunger, thirst, and hormone production. Unlike the midbrain, pons, and medulla, which are all subdivisions of the brain stem, the hypothalamus is not directly involved in controlling basic physiological processes.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which ventricle is located in each cerebral hemisphere?
- A.
Third ventricle
- B.
Fourth ventricle
- C.
Cerebral ventricle
- D.
Lateral ventricle
Correct Answer
D. Lateral ventricleExplanation
The lateral ventricle is located in each cerebral hemisphere. It is the largest of the ventricles and plays a crucial role in the production and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The lateral ventricles are responsible for providing nutrients to the brain, removing waste products, and maintaining a stable environment for optimal brain function. They are interconnected with the third ventricle through the interventricular foramen, allowing for the flow of CSF throughout the brain.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Where (in the spinal cord) do dorsal roots and ventral roots interconnect?
- A.
In the white matter.
- B.
In the vertebrae.
- C.
In the brain stem.
- D.
In the gray matter.
Correct Answer
D. In the gray matter.Explanation
Dorsal roots and ventral roots interconnect in the gray matter of the spinal cord. The gray matter is the region of the spinal cord that contains cell bodies of neurons, while the white matter consists of nerve fibers. The interconnection of dorsal and ventral roots allows for the transmission of sensory information from the body to the brain and motor signals from the brain to the body.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which part of the brain stem processes visual and auditory information?
- A.
Pons
- B.
Medulla
- C.
Midbrain
- D.
Temporalis
Correct Answer
C. MidbrainExplanation
The midbrain is the part of the brain stem that processes visual and auditory information. It is responsible for relaying sensory signals from the eyes and ears to the higher brain centers for further processing and interpretation. The midbrain also plays a crucial role in coordinating visual and auditory reflexes, such as turning the head towards a sudden loud noise or tracking a moving object with the eyes.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which type of brain waves are associated with being conscious?
- A.
Beta brain waves
- B.
Alpha brain waves
- C.
Theta brain waves
- D.
Delta brain waves
Correct Answer
B. AlpHa brain wavesExplanation
Alpha brain waves are associated with being conscious. These brain waves are typically present when a person is awake but relaxed, such as during meditation or while daydreaming. They are characterized by a frequency range of 8-12 Hz and are often observed in the occipital and parietal lobes of the brain. Alpha waves are believed to be involved in promoting a calm and focused state of mind, making them an important factor in conscious awareness.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What is the name of cranial nerve 10?
- A.
Accessory
- B.
Vagus
- C.
Hypoglossal
- D.
Glossopharyngeal
Correct Answer
B. VagusExplanation
The name of cranial nerve 10 is Vagus. The vagus nerve is the longest cranial nerve and plays a vital role in the autonomic nervous system, controlling various functions such as heart rate, digestion, and respiration. It also has important sensory and motor functions in the throat and neck.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What are the 2 subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous System?
- A.
Sympathetic division & Parasympathetic division
- B.
Involuntary division & Voluntary division
- C.
Superior division & Inferior division
- D.
Sensory division & Motor division
Correct Answer
A. Sympathetic division & Parasympathetic divisionExplanation
The Autonomic Nervous System has two subdivisions: the Sympathetic division and the Parasympathetic division. The Sympathetic division is responsible for the body's responses to stress or danger, commonly known as the "fight or flight" response. It increases heart rate, dilates the pupils, and releases adrenaline. On the other hand, the Parasympathetic division is responsible for the body's rest and digestion functions. It slows down heart rate, constricts the pupils, and promotes digestion and relaxation. These two subdivisions work together to maintain the body's homeostasis and regulate involuntary functions.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following is NOT one of the meninges?
- A.
Pia Mater
- B.
Periosteum
- C.
Dura Mater
- D.
Arachnoid Mater
Correct Answer
B. PeriosteumExplanation
The periosteum is not one of the meninges. The meninges are the three layers of protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. They include the pia mater, dura mater, and arachnoid mater. The periosteum, on the other hand, is a dense layer of connective tissue that covers the outer surface of bones. It is not part of the meninges.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What structure travels down the vertebral column inside the vertebral foramen?
- A.
The spinal cord.
- B.
The cranial nerves
- C.
The sacral nerves
- D.
The axillary nerve
Correct Answer
A. The spinal cord.Explanation
The correct answer is the spinal cord. The vertebral column, also known as the spinal column, is a series of vertebrae that protect and support the spinal cord. The vertebral foramen is the opening in each vertebra through which the spinal cord passes. Therefore, the structure that travels down the vertebral column inside the vertebral foramen is the spinal cord.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which part of the brain stem controls respiration?
- A.
The Cerebellum.
- B.
The Pons.
- C.
The Midbrain.
- D.
The Medulla.
Correct Answer
D. The Medulla.Explanation
The Medulla is the correct answer because it is the part of the brain stem that controls respiration. It is responsible for regulating and controlling the basic functions of breathing, such as the rate and depth of breaths. The Medulla also plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's overall homeostasis by monitoring and adjusting the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.Rate this question:
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- 23.
What do you call the area between the Arachnoid Mater and the Pia Mater?
- A.
Synaptic cleft.
- B.
Cerebral foramen
- C.
Subarachnoid space.
- D.
Blood/Brain Barrier.
Correct Answer
C. Subarachnoid space.Explanation
The correct answer is Subarachnoid space. The subarachnoid space is the area between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater, which are two of the three layers of the meninges that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. This space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid and contains blood vessels that supply nutrients to the brain. It also serves as a cushion, protecting the brain from injury. The synaptic cleft is a small gap between neurons where neurotransmitters are released, the cerebral foramen is an opening in the skull, and the blood/brain barrier is a protective barrier that regulates the passage of substances from the bloodstream into the brain.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which type of brain wave is common/normal in children?
- A.
Alpha brain waves.
- B.
Beta brain waves.
- C.
Delta brain waves.
- D.
Theta brain waves.
Correct Answer
D. Theta brain waves.Explanation
Theta brain waves are commonly found in children. These brain waves are associated with deep relaxation, creativity, and a state of dreaming. They are often seen during periods of daydreaming, meditation, and light sleep. In children, theta brain waves are more prevalent due to their active imaginations and their tendency to engage in creative play. As children grow older, their brain waves transition to other types, such as alpha and beta waves, which are associated with more focused attention and alertness.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Long term memories, smell, and emotions are processed by _________.
- A.
The Temporal Lobe.
- B.
The Limbic System.
- C.
The Olfactory Nerve.
- D.
The Cerebellum.
Correct Answer
B. The Limbic System.Explanation
The limbic system is responsible for processing long-term memories, smell, and emotions. It includes various structures such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus, which play crucial roles in memory formation, emotional responses, and olfaction. The temporal lobe, although involved in memory and olfaction, is just one component of the limbic system. The olfactory nerve is responsible for transmitting signals from the nose to the brain, specifically the olfactory bulb, which is part of the limbic system. The cerebellum, on the other hand, primarily controls motor coordination and balance and is not directly involved in processing long-term memories, smell, or emotions.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Which of the meninges is directly attached to the brain and its convolutions?
- A.
The Pia Mater.
- B.
The Dura Mater.
- C.
The Arachnoid Mater.
- D.
The Subarachnoid space.
Correct Answer
A. The Pia Mater.Explanation
The Pia Mater is the correct answer because it is the innermost layer of the meninges and is directly attached to the brain and its convolutions. It is a thin, delicate membrane that closely follows the contours of the brain, providing protection and support. The Dura Mater is the outermost layer, the Arachnoid Mater is the middle layer, and the Subarachnoid space is the space between the Arachnoid and Pia Mater.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which part of the brain stem controls the heart beat?
- A.
The Hypothalamus.
- B.
The Pons.
- C.
The Medulla.
- D.
The Midbrain.
Correct Answer
C. The Medulla.Explanation
The medulla is the correct answer because it is responsible for regulating vital functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing. It contains specialized cells that receive signals from the body and adjust the heart rate accordingly. The hypothalamus plays a role in regulating body temperature and hormone production, while the pons and midbrain are involved in other functions such as motor coordination and sensory processing. Therefore, the medulla is specifically responsible for controlling the heart beat.Rate this question:
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- 28.
What do you call the electrical activity of cerebral neurons?
- A.
Cerebral Conductivity.
- B.
Brain Waves.
- C.
Cerebral Volts.
- D.
Brain Watts.
Correct Answer
B. Brain Waves.Explanation
Brain waves refer to the electrical activity of cerebral neurons. It is a term used to describe the rhythmic patterns of electrical impulses generated by the brain. These waves can be measured using an electroencephalogram (EEG) and are associated with different states of consciousness, such as deep sleep, relaxation, or concentration. Cerebral conductivity, cerebral volts, and brain watts are not accurate terms to describe this phenomenon.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Which cerebral lobe processes speech?
- A.
Parietal lobe.
- B.
Frontal lobe.
- C.
Occipital lobe.
- D.
Temporal lobe.
Correct Answer
A. Parietal lobe.Explanation
The correct answer is Temporal lobe. The temporal lobe is responsible for processing speech. It is located on the sides of the brain, above the ears. This lobe plays a crucial role in language comprehension, speech production, and auditory processing. It helps in understanding and interpreting spoken words and sentences, as well as storing and retrieving language-related information. The parietal lobe, on the other hand, is mainly involved in sensory perception, spatial awareness, and motor control.Rate this question:
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- 30.
What do you call the series of outer membranes that cover the brain?
- A.
Mesencephalon
- B.
Mesoderm
- C.
Mesenteries
- D.
Meninges.
Correct Answer
D. Meninges.Explanation
The correct answer is "Meninges." The meninges are a series of outer membranes that cover and protect the brain. They consist of three layers: the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. These membranes help cushion the brain and spinal cord from injury and also contain cerebrospinal fluid, which provides further protection and nourishment to the brain.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which ventricle is located in the diencephalon part of the brain?
- A.
The Cerebral ventricles.
- B.
The Lateral ventricles.
- C.
The Fourth ventricle.
- D.
The Third ventricle.
Correct Answer
D. The Third ventricle.Explanation
The diencephalon is a part of the brain that is located between the cerebral hemispheres and above the brainstem. It consists of several structures, including the thalamus and hypothalamus. The Third ventricle is a fluid-filled cavity within the diencephalon. It is one of the four ventricles in the brain and is located in the midline, between the two thalamic structures. Therefore, the correct answer is the Third ventricle.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which section of the brain stem controls posture and muscle tone?
- A.
The Medulla.
- B.
The Cerebellum.
- C.
The Midbrain.
- D.
The Pons.
Correct Answer
C. The Midbrain.Explanation
The midbrain is the section of the brain stem that controls posture and muscle tone. It is responsible for coordinating and regulating voluntary movements, as well as maintaining balance and stability. The midbrain contains various nuclei and pathways that are involved in motor control and coordination, making it essential for maintaining proper posture and muscle tone.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which cranial nerves are responsible for mouth function?
- A.
Cranial nerves # 9 and 11
- B.
Cranial nerves # 8 and 12
- C.
Cranial nerves # 10 and 12
- D.
Cranial nerves # 5, 7, 9, and 12
Correct Answer
D. Cranial nerves # 5, 7, 9, and 12Explanation
The cranial nerves responsible for mouth function are cranial nerves # 5, 7, 9, and 12. These nerves play different roles in controlling various functions of the mouth. Cranial nerve # 5, also known as the trigeminal nerve, is responsible for the sensation in the face, including the mouth. Cranial nerve # 7, the facial nerve, controls the muscles of facial expression, including those involved in mouth movements. Cranial nerve # 9, the glossopharyngeal nerve, is responsible for the sensation and movement of the tongue and throat. Lastly, cranial nerve # 12, the hypoglossal nerve, controls the movements of the tongue.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which of the meninges is characterized as being thin and elastic?
- A.
Arachnoid Mater.
- B.
Dura Mater.
- C.
Pia Mater.
- D.
Periosteum.
Correct Answer
A. Arachnoid Mater.Explanation
The arachnoid mater is characterized as being thin and elastic. It is the middle layer of the meninges, located between the dura mater and the pia mater. The arachnoid mater is composed of a web-like structure with numerous trabeculae, giving it a delicate and elastic nature. It acts as a protective barrier for the brain and spinal cord, providing cushioning and support. The other options, dura mater, pia mater, and periosteum, do not possess the same thin and elastic characteristics as the arachnoid mater.Rate this question:
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- 35.
What type of cells help create the Blood-brain Barrier?
- A.
Microglia
- B.
Ependymal Cells
- C.
Astrocytes
- D.
Oligodendrocytes
Correct Answer
C. AstrocytesExplanation
Astrocytes are a type of cells that help create the blood-brain barrier. The blood-brain barrier is a protective mechanism that separates the blood circulation from the brain tissue, preventing harmful substances from entering the brain. Astrocytes play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier by forming tight junctions with endothelial cells in the blood vessels of the brain. These cells regulate the transport of nutrients and waste products between the blood and the brain, providing a controlled environment for proper brain function.Rate this question:
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- 36.
What type of nerve cells are associated with the dorsal root?
- A.
Motor neurons.
- B.
Sensory neurons.
- C.
Cranial nerves.
- D.
Interneurons.
Correct Answer
B. Sensory neurons.Explanation
The dorsal root is a part of the spinal nerve that carries sensory information from the body to the central nervous system. Therefore, the nerve cells associated with the dorsal root are sensory neurons, which are responsible for transmitting sensory signals such as touch, pain, and temperature from the peripheral nervous system to the spinal cord and brain. Motor neurons, on the other hand, are responsible for transmitting signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands, and are not directly associated with the dorsal root.Rate this question:
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- 37.
What surrounds gray matter of the spinal cord?
- A.
Vertebrae.
- B.
Adipose.
- C.
White matter.
- D.
Lymph.
Correct Answer
C. White matter.Explanation
The gray matter of the spinal cord is surrounded by white matter. White matter is made up of myelinated nerve fibers that transmit signals to and from the gray matter. It forms the outer layer of the spinal cord, while the gray matter is located in the center. This arrangement allows for efficient communication between different parts of the spinal cord and the brain. Vertebrae, adipose tissue, and lymph do not surround the gray matter of the spinal cord.Rate this question:
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- 38.
What type of cells line the ventricles and spinal canal?
- A.
Ependymal cells
- B.
Astrocytes
- C.
Oligodendrocytes
- D.
Microglia
Correct Answer
A. Ependymal cellsExplanation
Ependymal cells are the correct answer because they are the type of cells that line the ventricles and spinal canal. These cells have cilia on their surface, which help in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain and spinal cord. Ependymal cells also play a role in the production of CSF and provide support to the nervous tissue.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Which cranial nerve is responsible for internal organ function?
- A.
Accessory
- B.
Vagus
- C.
Hypoglossal
- D.
Vestibulocochlear
Correct Answer
B. VagusExplanation
The cranial nerve responsible for internal organ function is the Vagus nerve. It is the tenth cranial nerve and it innervates many organs in the chest and abdomen, including the heart, lungs, liver, and intestines. The Vagus nerve plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing. Dysfunction of the Vagus nerve can lead to various health issues, including gastrointestinal disorders and heart rhythm abnormalities.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Which of the meninges is the outermost?
- A.
Pia Mater
- B.
Dura Mater
- C.
Arachnoid Mater
- D.
Periosteum
Correct Answer
B. Dura MaterExplanation
The correct answer is Dura Mater. The meninges are the three protective layers that surround the brain and spinal cord. The dura mater is the outermost layer and is the toughest and most durable of the three. It provides a strong protective barrier for the brain and spinal cord against external forces and trauma. The pia mater is the innermost layer, closely adhering to the brain and spinal cord, while the arachnoid mater is the middle layer. The periosteum is not a part of the meninges; it is a layer that covers the bones.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The __________ is responsible for processing sex drives.
- A.
Reproductive System
- B.
Limbic System
- C.
Endocrine System
- D.
Lymphatic System
Correct Answer
B. Limbic SystemExplanation
The limbic system is responsible for processing sex drives. This system, which includes structures like the hypothalamus and amygdala, plays a crucial role in regulating emotions, motivation, and behaviors. It is involved in the release of hormones that control sexual arousal and desire, making it the correct answer for this question. The reproductive system, endocrine system, and lymphatic system may have some indirect involvement in sexual function, but the limbic system is specifically responsible for processing sex drives.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Which part of the brain stem is responsible for motor control of breathing?
- A.
Medulla
- B.
Midbrain
- C.
Cerebellum
- D.
Pons
Correct Answer
D. PonsExplanation
The pons is a part of the brain stem that is responsible for motor control of breathing. It contains important respiratory centers that regulate the rate and depth of breathing. These centers receive input from various sensory receptors and send signals to the muscles involved in breathing, such as the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. The pons also helps coordinate the timing and rhythm of breathing by integrating signals from other parts of the brain.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Which sensory pathways can create referred pain?
- A.
Spinocerebellar pathways
- B.
Spinothalamic (Anterolateral) pathways
- C.
Dorsal Column-medial Lemniscal pathways
- D.
Motor pathways
Correct Answer
B. Spinothalamic (Anterolateral) pathwaysExplanation
The spinothalamic (anterolateral) pathways can create referred pain. Referred pain occurs when pain is felt in a different area of the body than the actual source of the pain. The spinothalamic pathways transmit pain and temperature sensations from the body to the brain. When there is a dysfunction or injury in these pathways, the brain may interpret the pain signals as originating from a different location, leading to referred pain.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Which part of the brain stem controls vital body functions?
- A.
Midbrain
- B.
Pons
- C.
Medulla
- D.
Cerebellum
Correct Answer
C. MedullaExplanation
The medulla is the part of the brain stem that controls vital body functions. It is responsible for regulating functions such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion. It also plays a role in coordinating reflexes and maintaining balance. The medulla contains various nuclei that receive and transmit signals to and from different parts of the body, allowing for the regulation and control of these essential functions.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Which cerebral lobe processes general senses?
- A.
Temporal lobe
- B.
Parietal lobe
- C.
Frontal lobe
- D.
Occipital lobe
Correct Answer
B. Parietal lobeExplanation
The parietal lobe is responsible for processing general senses. It receives and interprets sensory information from various parts of the body, including touch, pain, temperature, and pressure. This lobe plays a crucial role in spatial awareness, perception of objects, and body awareness. It integrates sensory inputs and helps in understanding the environment and the body's position in space.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Which motor pathway coordinates movement?
- A.
Direct Motor pathways
- B.
Indirect Motor pathways
- C.
Spinothalamic (Anterolateral) pathways
- D.
Dorsal Column-medial Lemniscal pathways
Correct Answer
B. Indirect Motor pathwaysExplanation
The indirect motor pathways are responsible for coordinating movement. These pathways involve multiple brain regions, including the basal ganglia and cerebellum, which work together to fine-tune and control voluntary movements. Unlike the direct motor pathways, which primarily transmit signals for initiating movement, the indirect pathways modulate and refine motor commands, ensuring smooth and coordinated movements.Rate this question:
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- 47.
How many ventricles are in the brain?
- A.
Four
- B.
Two
- C.
Eight
- D.
Six
Correct Answer
A. FourExplanation
The brain has four ventricles. These are fluid-filled spaces that are responsible for producing and circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) throughout the brain and spinal cord. The ventricles play a crucial role in protecting and cushioning the brain, as well as providing nutrients and removing waste products. They are interconnected and located within different regions of the brain, including the lateral ventricles, third ventricle, and fourth ventricle.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Which cerebral lobe is responsible for complex thought?
- A.
Occipital lobe.
- B.
Temporal lobe.
- C.
Frontal lobe.
- D.
Parietal lobe.
Correct Answer
C. Frontal lobe.Explanation
The frontal lobe is responsible for complex thought. It is involved in higher cognitive functions such as decision-making, problem-solving, planning, and reasoning. It also plays a role in personality, emotions, and social behavior. The frontal lobe is located at the front of the brain, just behind the forehead. It is the largest lobe in the human brain and is highly interconnected with other brain regions, allowing for the integration of information from different areas and the execution of complex cognitive tasks.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Which type of brain waves are associated with concentration/problem solving?
- A.
Theta brain waves
- B.
Delta brain waves
- C.
Beta brain waves
- D.
Alpha brain waves
Correct Answer
C. Beta brain wavesExplanation
Beta brain waves are associated with concentration and problem-solving. These brain waves have a frequency range of 12-30 Hz and are typically observed when a person is actively engaged in mental tasks that require focus and attention. They are also present during periods of heightened alertness and cognitive processing. Therefore, beta brain waves are the most suitable type of brain waves associated with concentration and problem-solving.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Which cerebral lobe is responsible for hearing?
- A.
Frontal lobe
- B.
Temporal lobe
- C.
Occipital lobe
- D.
Parietal lobe
Correct Answer
B. Temporal lobeExplanation
The temporal lobe is responsible for hearing. This lobe is located on the sides of the brain, above the ears. It contains the primary auditory cortex, which processes sound information and allows us to perceive and interpret sounds. Damage to the temporal lobe can result in hearing impairments or difficulties in understanding and processing auditory information.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Oct 31, 2012Quiz Created by
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