Chapter 10 Science 4th Grade Vocabulary
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Quiz on vocabulary from Chapter 10 4th Grade Science. Read the definition and choose the correct term.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
A change that begins and ends with the same type of matter.
- A.
Change of state
- B.
Evaporation
- C.
Rust
- D.
Physical Change
Correct Answer
D. pHysical ChangeExplanation
A physical change refers to a change in the physical properties of a substance without altering its chemical composition. In this context, a change that begins and ends with the same type of matter can be considered as a physical change. For example, when water freezes to form ice, it is still the same substance (water) but in a different state (solid). Similarly, when water evaporates and turns into water vapor, it is still the same substance (water) but in a different state (gas). Therefore, a change that begins and ends with the same type of matter is an example of a physical change.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A physical change in which one state of matter changes to another.
- A.
Change of state
- B.
Evaporation
- C.
Rust
- D.
Physical Change
Correct Answer
A. Change of stateExplanation
Change of state refers to a physical change in which matter transitions from one state (solid, liquid, or gas) to another. This process can occur through various processes such as evaporation, condensation, melting, or freezing. Rust, on the other hand, is a chemical change that occurs when iron reacts with oxygen in the presence of water or moisture. Therefore, the correct answer is change of state, as it specifically describes a physical change involving a transition between different states of matter.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The slow change of a liquid to a gas without boiling.
- A.
Chemical change
- B.
Physical Change
- C.
Evaporation
- D.
Distillation
Correct Answer
C. EvaporationExplanation
Evaporation refers to the slow change of a liquid to a gas without boiling. During evaporation, the liquid molecules gain enough energy to break their intermolecular bonds and escape into the air as gas molecules. This process occurs at the surface of the liquid and is influenced by factors such as temperature, surface area, and humidity. Unlike boiling, evaporation does not require the entire liquid to reach its boiling point. Therefore, evaporation is a physical change rather than a chemical change, as there is no alteration in the chemical composition of the substance.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Compound of iron and oxygen.
- A.
Tarnish
- B.
Rust
- C.
Settling
- D.
Change of state
Correct Answer
B. RustExplanation
Rust is the correct answer because it is a compound of iron and oxygen. When iron is exposed to oxygen and moisture, it undergoes a chemical reaction that forms iron oxide, commonly known as rust. Rust is a reddish-brown substance that forms on the surface of iron or steel objects over time. It is a common occurrence, especially in humid or wet environments, and can cause deterioration and corrosion of the metal.Rate this question:
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- 5.
A change that begins with one kind of matter and ends with another. The resulting matter has different properties from the original matter.
- A.
Physical Change
- B.
Rust
- C.
Settling
- D.
Chemical change
Correct Answer
D. Chemical changeExplanation
A chemical change refers to a transformation that starts with one type of matter and concludes with a different type of matter. In this process, the resulting matter possesses distinct properties compared to the original matter. This change involves a rearrangement of atoms and molecules, resulting in the formation of new substances with altered chemical compositions. Examples of chemical changes include rust formation and settling, where the original substances undergo a chemical reaction and produce new substances with different characteristics.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Forms when silver reacts with sulfer in air.
- A.
Rust
- B.
Tarnish
- C.
Alloy
- D.
Compound
Correct Answer
B. TarnishExplanation
Tarnish is the correct answer because it is a term used to describe the discoloration or dulling of a metal surface, such as silver, when it reacts with sulfur in the air. This reaction forms a thin layer of sulfide on the surface of the metal, giving it a tarnished appearance. Rust, on the other hand, is the result of the oxidation of iron or steel, not silver. Alloy refers to a mixture of two or more metals, and compound refers to a substance composed of two or more elements.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Separates things by size
- A.
Distillation
- B.
Settling
- C.
Evaporation
- D.
Filter
Correct Answer
D. FilterExplanation
A filter is a device or material that separates substances or particles based on their size. It allows smaller particles to pass through while blocking larger ones. In the context of the given options, distillation, settling, and evaporation are all processes that separate substances based on their physical properties such as boiling points or densities. However, a filter specifically separates substances based on their size, making it the correct answer in this case.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The process in which people often use filters to separate a solid from a liquid.
- A.
Filtration
- B.
Distillation
- C.
Evaporation
- D.
Settling
Correct Answer
A. FiltrationExplanation
Filtration is the correct answer because it involves the use of filters to separate a solid from a liquid. This process is commonly used when a mixture contains solid particles that need to be removed from a liquid. By passing the mixture through a filter, the solid particles are trapped while the liquid passes through, resulting in the separation of the two components. Distillation involves the separation of two or more liquids based on their boiling points, evaporation is the process of converting a liquid into a vapor, and settling is the process of allowing solid particles to settle at the bottom of a liquid.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A magnet pulls or attracts the elements iron, nickel, and cobalt.
- A.
Magnetic reaction
- B.
Magnetic attration
- C.
Magnetic reflection
- D.
Metallic reaction
Correct Answer
B. Magnetic attrationExplanation
A magnet has the ability to exert a force on certain materials, such as iron, nickel, and cobalt, causing them to be attracted towards it. This phenomenon is known as magnetic attraction. When a magnet is brought close to these elements, they experience a magnetic force that pulls them towards the magnet. This is due to the alignment of the magnetic domains within the material, which causes them to align with the magnetic field of the magnet and create a strong attractive force.Rate this question:
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- 10.
When differences in densities cause the parts of a mixture to separate.
- A.
Solution
- B.
Settling
- C.
Mixture
- D.
Alloy
Correct Answer
B. SettlingExplanation
Settling refers to the process of particles in a mixture separating due to differences in densities. When the mixture is left undisturbed, the denser particles sink to the bottom while the lighter particles remain on top. This phenomenon is commonly observed in suspensions or heterogeneous mixtures where solid particles are dispersed in a liquid. As the particles settle, they form distinct layers or sediment at the bottom of the container. Therefore, settling is the correct answer as it accurately describes the separation of components in a mixture based on their densities.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A solution is heated until the liquid becomes a gas. The solid is left behind.
- A.
Settling
- B.
Filtration
- C.
Evaporation
- D.
Distillation
Correct Answer
D. DistillationExplanation
Distillation is the correct answer because it involves heating a solution to separate its components based on their different boiling points. In this scenario, the liquid is heated until it reaches its boiling point and turns into a gas, while the solid remains behind. The gas is then condensed back into a liquid form, resulting in the separation of the components.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A combination of of two or more kinds of matter.
- A.
Solution
- B.
Alloy
- C.
Mixture
- D.
Change of state
Correct Answer
C. MixtureExplanation
A mixture is a combination of two or more kinds of matter. It can be made up of elements, compounds, or both. In a mixture, the substances are physically combined and can be separated by physical means, such as filtration or distillation. This is different from a compound, where the substances are chemically combined and cannot be easily separated. An alloy is a specific type of mixture that is composed of two or more metals. A change of state refers to the transformation of a substance from one physical state to another, such as from a solid to a liquid or a gas.Rate this question:
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- 13.
A mixture in which two or more substances are blended completely.
- A.
Mixture
- B.
Solution
- C.
Compound
- D.
Alloy
Correct Answer
B. SolutionExplanation
A solution is a type of mixture where two or more substances are blended completely. In a solution, the solute (the substance being dissolved) is evenly distributed and dispersed within the solvent (the substance doing the dissolving). This results in a homogeneous mixture where the solute particles are not visible and cannot be easily separated from the solvent. Solutions can be formed with various combinations of substances, such as sugar dissolved in water or salt dissolved in vinegar.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A mixture of two or more elements combine chemically.
- A.
Solution
- B.
Compound
- C.
Alloy
- D.
Mixture
Correct Answer
B. CompoundExplanation
A compound is formed when two or more elements chemically combine. In a compound, the elements are chemically bonded together in fixed ratios, resulting in a new substance with different properties than the original elements. This is different from a mixture, where the elements are physically combined but not bonded together. An alloy is a type of mixture where two or more metals are combined, but it is not a compound because the metals do not chemically react with each other. Therefore, the correct answer is compound.Rate this question:
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- 15.
A mixture of two or more elements. At least one of those elements is a metal.
- A.
Compound
- B.
Solution
- C.
Mixture
- D.
Alloy
Correct Answer
D. AlloyExplanation
An alloy is a mixture of two or more elements, where at least one of those elements is a metal. Alloys are formed by combining different metals together to create a material with enhanced properties, such as increased strength or resistance to corrosion. Examples of alloys include brass (a mixture of copper and zinc) and steel (a mixture of iron and carbon).Rate this question:
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- 16.
A substance that turns blue litmus paper red.
- A.
Acid
- B.
Base
Correct Answer
A. AcidExplanation
An acid is a substance that turns blue litmus paper red. When an acid comes into contact with blue litmus paper, it donates hydrogen ions, which react with the litmus paper and cause it to change color from blue to red. This is due to the acidic nature of the substance, which is characterized by its ability to release hydrogen ions in solution. Therefore, the correct answer is acid.Rate this question:
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- 17.
A substance that turns red litmus paper blue. It also makes foods taste bitter.
- A.
Acid
- B.
Base
Correct Answer
B. BaseExplanation
The substance described in the question turns red litmus paper blue, which is a characteristic of bases. Bases are substances that have a pH greater than 7 and are known for their ability to accept protons or donate hydroxide ions. Additionally, the fact that it makes foods taste bitter is another characteristic of bases, as they often have a bitter taste. Therefore, the correct answer is base.Rate this question:
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Nov 18, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Sep 21, 2010Quiz Created by
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