Chapter 13 Burton

1.

When structuring the physical arrangement of the classroom one must consider:

A.

Observation of all students
B.

Physical spacing of students
C.

Delineation of work areas
D.

All of the above

Correct Answer
D. All of the above

Explanation
When structuring the physical arrangement of the classroom, it is important to consider the observation of all students, the physical spacing of students, and the delineation of work areas. This means that all these factors need to be taken into account for an effective classroom setup. By observing all students, teachers can ensure that they have a clear view of everyone and can monitor their behavior and engagement. The physical spacing of students is crucial for creating a comfortable and conducive learning environment, allowing students to move around easily and interact with each other. Delineation of work areas helps in organizing different activities and resources, promoting focus and productivity. Therefore, all these considerations are necessary for structuring the physical arrangement of the classroom.

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2.

To establish effective instructional practices the following should be present:

A.

Clear lesson plans
B.

Brisk instruction
C.

Engaging teacher characteristics
D.

All of the above

Correct Answer
D. All of the above

Explanation
To establish effective instructional practices, it is important to have clear lesson plans, brisk instruction, and engaging teacher characteristics. Clear lesson plans provide a structure and guide for the teacher to follow, ensuring that the content is organized and delivered effectively. Brisk instruction refers to a fast-paced and efficient teaching style that keeps students engaged and focused. Engaging teacher characteristics, such as enthusiasm, passion, and the ability to connect with students, create a positive learning environment and enhance student motivation. Therefore, all of these factors contribute to effective instructional practices.

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3.

Which of the following would be a good example of a rule with specifity?

A.

Be a good citizen
B.

Keep your hands to yourself
C.

Raise your hand before speaking
D.

All of the above

Correct Answer
C. Raise your hand before speaking

Explanation
A good example of a rule with specificity would be "raise your hand before speaking." This rule clearly outlines a specific action that needs to be followed in a particular situation, which is raising one's hand before speaking. It is not a general statement like "be a good citizen" or "keep your hands to yourself," but rather a specific instruction that applies to a specific context. Therefore, it demonstrates the concept of specificity in a rule.

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4.

Ms. Harper wants to increase John's behavior of sharing during circle time. Each time Ms. Harper observes John sharing she provides him with a token and his behavior increased. What type of reinforcement is Ms. Harper using?

A.

Positive reinforcement
B.

Negative reinforcement
C.

Differential reinforcement of other behavior
D.

Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior

Correct Answer
A. Positive reinforcement

Explanation
Ms. Harper is using positive reinforcement to increase John's behavior of sharing during circle time. Positive reinforcement involves providing a reward or token (in this case) after a desired behavior is exhibited, which in turn increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future. By giving John a token each time he shares, Ms. Harper is reinforcing and encouraging his sharing behavior.

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5.

Ms. Harper wants to increase John's behavior of sharing during circle time. Each time Ms. Harper observes John sharing she provides him with a token and his behavior increased. What type of data collection system should Ms. Harper use to record the number of occurences of John's sharing behavior?

A.

Event recording
B.

Time sampling
C.

Duration
D.

Latency

Correct Answer
A. Event recording

Explanation
Ms. Harper should use an event recording data collection system to record the number of occurrences of John's sharing behavior. Event recording involves directly observing and recording each instance of the target behavior, in this case, John sharing. By providing John with a token each time he shares, Ms. Harper is reinforcing and increasing his sharing behavior. Event recording will allow Ms. Harper to accurately track and measure the frequency of John's sharing behavior over time.

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6.

Mrs. Jones had her students help establish a list of classroom rules, when they finished there were 35 rules for the class. This addresses which component of verbal structure?

A.

Specifity
B.

Economy
C.

Consequences
D.

None of the above

Correct Answer
B. Economy

Explanation
The correct answer is economy. This is because having 35 rules for the class suggests that Mrs. Jones and her students were able to establish a comprehensive set of rules using a minimal amount of words or resources. Economy in verbal structure refers to the ability to convey information effectively and efficiently, using concise and precise language.

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7.

Cedric, a student in Mr. Washington's class, was repeatedly out of his seat during instructional time. Mr. Washington decided to reinforce Cedric when he was exhibiting in-seat behavior. What behavioral concept was Mr. Washington employing?

A.

Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior
B.

Differential reinforcement of other behavior
C.

Negative reinforcement
D.

Positive reinforcement

Correct Answer
A. Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior

Explanation
Mr. Washington was employing the concept of differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior. This means that he was reinforcing Cedric when he exhibited a behavior that was incompatible with being out of his seat. By doing so, Mr. Washington was encouraging Cedric to engage in a behavior that was incompatible with the problem behavior, ultimately reducing the instances of him being out of his seat during instructional time.

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8.

Derrick, a student in Mr. Davis's class repeatedly exhibited tantruming behavior including, screaming, crying, and hitting. Mr. Davis's unsureof the cause of the behavior. What steps should mr. avis take to determine the function of the behavior?

A.

Trial and error methods
B.

Conduct a functional assessment
C.

Ignore the behavior
D.

None of the above

Correct Answer
B. Conduct a functional assessment

Explanation
To determine the function of Derrick's tantruming behavior, Mr. Davis should conduct a functional assessment. This involves systematically gathering information about the antecedents (triggers) and consequences of the behavior to identify patterns and potential reasons for its occurrence. By analyzing the functions that the behavior may serve, such as seeking attention or escaping a task, Mr. Davis can develop a better understanding of why Derrick is behaving this way and implement appropriate interventions to address the underlying cause. Trial and error methods may not provide a comprehensive understanding, and ignoring the behavior may exacerbate the issue.

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9.

Ms. Tammy's self-contained class was working on a hygeine regiment, including brushing teeth. Three of the five students required significant instructions for brushing teeth. Ms. Tammy created a step-ny-step breakdown of the procedures and decided to start off providing physical guidance and gradually reduce the prompt level.

A.

Task analysis
B.

S-delta
C.

Setting event
D.

Permanent product

Correct Answer
A. Task analysis

Explanation
The given scenario describes how Ms. Tammy created a step-by-step breakdown of the procedures for brushing teeth for her students who required significant instructions. This process of breaking down a complex task into smaller, manageable steps is known as task analysis. Ms. Tammy's approach of starting with physical guidance and gradually reducing the prompt level shows her implementation of task analysis to teach the students how to brush their teeth effectively.

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10.

Ms. Tammy's self-contained class was working on a hygeine regiment, including brushing teeth. Three of the five students required significant instructions for brushing teeth. Ms. Tammy created a step-ny-step breakdown of the procedures and decided to start off providing physical guidance and gradually reduce the prompt level. The instructional procedure used was ___________

A.

Least-to-most-prompts
B.

Time delay
C.

Most-to-least prompts
D.

Graduated guidance

Correct Answer
D. Graduated guidance

Explanation
Ms. Tammy used graduated guidance as the instructional procedure. This means that she started off providing physical guidance and gradually reduced the level of prompts as the students became more independent. This approach allowed the three students who required significant instructions for brushing teeth to learn and practice the skill at their own pace, gradually building their independence.

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