1.
Which of the following was most influential in turning the American public opinion against the Vietnam War?
Correct Answer
D. Media coverage of the war
Explanation
Media coverage of the war was most influential in turning the American public opinion against the Vietnam War. The media played a crucial role in exposing the realities of the war, including the high number of casualties, the brutality of the conflict, and the government's misleading information. Through television and print journalism, the media brought the war directly into people's living rooms, creating a sense of disillusionment and outrage among the American public. The graphic images and stories of the war's impact on civilians and soldiers contributed significantly to the growing anti-war sentiment and ultimately shifted public opinion against the war.
2.
President Nixon endorsed Vietnamization because
Correct Answer
B. He hoped it would give South Vietnamese leaders enough time to create a stable anti-Communist government
Explanation
President Nixon endorsed Vietnamization because he hoped it would give South Vietnamese leaders enough time to create a stable anti-Communist government. This strategy aimed to gradually transfer the responsibility of fighting the war from American troops to the South Vietnamese forces. By doing so, Nixon believed that the South Vietnamese government would have the opportunity to establish its own stable and effective governance, which would ultimately lead to the defeat of the communist forces. This approach also aligned with Nixon's broader goal of reducing American involvement in the Vietnam War and bringing American troops home.
3.
How did Ho Chi Minh win support in N. Vietnam despite his repressive regime?
Correct Answer
C. By redistributing land from large estates to peasants
Explanation
Ho Chi Minh won support in North Vietnam despite his repressive regime by redistributing land from large estates to peasants. This policy aimed to address the issue of land inequality and improve the living conditions of the rural population. By giving land to the peasants, Ho Chi Minh gained their loyalty and support, as they saw him as a champion of their rights and interests. This helped to create a strong base of support for his regime, despite its repressive nature.
4.
Cause: Operation Rolling Thunder ---> Effect:_____________
Correct Answer
A. Strengthened rather than weakened the Vietcong
Explanation
Operation Rolling Thunder refers to the sustained bombing campaign by the United States against North Vietnam during the Vietnam War. This operation aimed to weaken the Vietcong and their ability to fight. However, the answer suggests that instead of weakening the Vietcong, Operation Rolling Thunder actually strengthened them. This could be due to several factors, such as the resilience of the Vietcong, the ability to adapt to the bombings, or the support they received from the local population.
5.
What were the Communist forces that took control of Cambodia in 1975 called?
Correct Answer
C. Khmer Rouge
Explanation
The correct answer is Khmer Rouge. The Khmer Rouge was a communist organization that took control of Cambodia in 1975. Led by Pol Pot, they implemented radical policies that aimed to create an agrarian utopia by forcing urban populations into rural areas and implementing strict labor and social reforms. Their regime was characterized by widespread human rights abuses, including forced labor, torture, and mass killings. The Khmer Rouge's rule lasted until 1979 when they were overthrown by Vietnamese forces.
6.
Pacification failed because
Correct Answer
B. Civilians resented being moved off their land and having their homes destroyed
Explanation
The answer suggests that pacification failed because civilians resented being forced to leave their land and having their homes destroyed. This indicates that the local population was not supportive of the pacification efforts, which made it difficult to win their trust and cooperation. Without the support and cooperation of the civilians, it would have been challenging to establish stability and control in the area, leading to the failure of pacification.
7.
Who were the Vietminh?
Correct Answer
A. A group organized by Ho Chi Minh during WWII to resist the Japanese occupation
Explanation
The Vietminh were a group organized by Ho Chi Minh during WWII to resist the Japanese occupation. This group was formed with the aim of liberating Vietnam from Japanese control and gaining independence for the country. Ho Chi Minh, who later became the leader of North Vietnam, played a key role in organizing and leading the Vietminh. They carried out guerrilla warfare tactics and fought against both the Japanese and the French colonial forces. The Vietminh eventually succeeded in driving out the Japanese and played a significant role in the struggle for Vietnamese independence.
8.
President Kennedy initially sent advisers and aid to Vietnam in part to
Correct Answer
D. Display U.S. strength and resolve
Explanation
President Kennedy initially sent advisers and aid to Vietnam in order to display U.S. strength and resolve. This action was taken during the early stages of the Vietnam War to demonstrate America's commitment to supporting its allies and to deter communist aggression. By providing assistance to South Vietnam, Kennedy aimed to show the world that the United States was willing to take a stand against the spread of communism and defend its interests in the region.
9.
The the following chart to answer the question below.What explains the change in troop levels from 1969 to 1972?
Correct Answer
C. Vietnamization
Explanation
Vietnamization is the correct answer. Vietnamization refers to the policy implemented by the United States during the Vietnam War, which involved transferring the responsibility of combat operations to the South Vietnamese forces while gradually reducing the number of U.S. troops in Vietnam. Therefore, the change in troop levels from 1969 to 1972 can be attributed to the process of Vietnamization, as the U.S. started withdrawing its troops during this period.
10.
What is the domino theory?
Correct Answer
C. The belief that if one country fell to communism, neighboring countries would quickly follow
Explanation
The domino theory refers to the belief that if one country falls to communism, neighboring countries would quickly follow suit. This theory was particularly prominent during the Cold War era, when the United States was concerned about the spread of communism in Southeast Asia. The fear was that if one country in the region became communist, it would create a domino effect, leading to the fall of other neighboring countries to communism as well. This belief influenced US foreign policy and led to interventions in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos in an attempt to prevent the spread of communism.
11.
Why did U.S. planes spray defoliants like Agent Orange over the Ho Chi Minh Trail?
Correct Answer
C. To expose those areas of the trail that were hidden in the jungle, making it easier for planes to see enemy supply routes
Explanation
The U.S. planes sprayed defoliants like Agent Orange over the Ho Chi Minh Trail to expose those areas of the trail that were hidden in the jungle, making it easier for planes to see enemy supply routes. By removing the dense foliage, the planes could more effectively identify and target enemy troops and supplies moving along the trail. This tactic aimed to disrupt the flow of troops and supplies from South Vietnam to Laos, ultimately weakening the enemy's logistical capabilities.
12.
____________________ headed a brutal and corrupt government in South Vietnam.
Correct Answer
A. Ngo Dinh Diem
Explanation
Ngo Dinh Diem is the correct answer because he was the leader of South Vietnam from 1955 until his assassination in 1963. During his rule, Diem's government was known for its brutality and corruption. He suppressed political opposition, cracked down on religious groups, and his regime was plagued by nepotism and embezzlement. Diem's oppressive rule and inability to address the grievances of the Vietnamese people contributed to widespread dissatisfaction and ultimately paved the way for the Vietnam War.
13.
__________________ ran as an independent candidate and was an important factor in the 1968 presidential election.
Correct Answer
B. George Wallace
Explanation
George Wallace ran as an independent candidate in the 1968 presidential election and was an important factor. He was the former governor of Alabama and a staunch segregationist. Wallace appealed to conservative voters who were dissatisfied with both major party candidates, Richard Nixon and Hubert Humphrey. His campaign focused on issues such as law and order, states' rights, and opposition to desegregation. Although he did not win the election, Wallace's candidacy had a significant impact on the race and the political landscape of the time.
14.
By basing the draft on birth days, ________________ lessened the inequity in the draft.
Correct Answer
C. The lottery system
Explanation
The lottery system lessened the inequity in the draft by randomly selecting individuals to be drafted, regardless of their birth days. This ensured that the draft was fair and unbiased, as it did not discriminate based on specific dates or circumstances.
15.
The _____________________ lowered the voting age from 21 to 18.
Correct Answer
C. 26th Amendment
Explanation
The 26th Amendment is the correct answer because it lowered the voting age from 21 to 18. This amendment was ratified in 1971 and was a response to the widespread opposition to the Vietnam War, as young people argued that if they were old enough to fight and die for their country, they should also have the right to vote. The 26th Amendment was a significant milestone in expanding voting rights and ensuring that all citizens have a voice in the democratic process.
16.
In the ____________________, U.S. soldiers killed at least 450 women, children, and elderly men, shocking the American public.
Correct Answer
B. My Lai massacre
Explanation
During the Vietnam War, the My Lai massacre occurred, where U.S. soldiers killed hundreds of innocent Vietnamese civilians, including women, children, and elderly men. This event was a shock to the American public as it exposed the brutal and indiscriminate nature of the war. The soldiers' actions in My Lai were widely condemned, and the incident became a symbol of the atrocities committed during the conflict.
17.
The attack on the USS Maddox led to approval of the Tet Resolution.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The attack on the USS Maddox did not lead to the approval of the Tet Resolution. The Tet Resolution was actually passed by the United States Congress in response to the Tet Offensive, a series of coordinated attacks by North Vietnamese forces during the Vietnam War. The USS Maddox incident, on the other hand, occurred in 1964 and was used as justification for the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, which granted President Lyndon B. Johnson broad authority to escalate U.S. involvement in Vietnam.
18.
During the early years of the war, the U.S. soldiers who fought in Vietnam were disproportionately poor and African American.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
During the early years of the war, the U.S. soldiers who fought in Vietnam were disproportionately poor and African American. This is true because at that time, the draft system was in place and it primarily targeted young men from lower-income backgrounds. Additionally, African Americans faced higher rates of poverty and unemployment, which made them more likely to be drafted. As a result, a significant number of soldiers sent to Vietnam were indeed poor and African American.
19.
The Tet Offensive shattered many people’s belief that the United States would soon win the Vietnam War.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The Tet Offensive was a series of surprise attacks launched by the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong forces during the Vietnam War. These attacks targeted major cities and military bases in South Vietnam. The scale and intensity of the offensive caught the United States and its allies off guard, causing significant casualties and damage. This event marked a turning point in public opinion, as many people began to question the effectiveness of the U.S. strategy in Vietnam and doubt the likelihood of a quick victory. Therefore, the statement that the Tet Offensive shattered people's belief in an imminent U.S. victory in the war is true.
20.
Only military bases and power plants were targeted by Operation Rolling Thunder.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Operation Rolling Thunder was a sustained bombing campaign conducted by the United States during the Vietnam War. It targeted not only military bases and power plants but also transportation infrastructure, industrial sites, and other strategic targets in North Vietnam. Therefore, the statement that only military bases and power plants were targeted is incorrect.
21.
Protesters at the 1968 Democratic National Convention hoped to pressure the Democratic delegates to reject President Johnson’s war policies.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement is true because the protesters at the 1968 Democratic National Convention aimed to exert pressure on the Democratic delegates to oppose President Johnson's war policies. The convention took place during the height of the Vietnam War, and many activists and anti-war demonstrators were present to voice their opposition to the war and call for a change in policy. Their goal was to influence the delegates' decision-making and push for a rejection of President Johnson's war policies.
22.
A vocal antiwar group:
Correct Answer
C. Students for a Democratic Society
Explanation
Students for a Democratic Society is the correct answer because it is a group that is known for being vocal and actively opposing war. The other options, such as NAACP and People for a Free Vietnam, may have their own causes and advocacies, but they are not specifically identified as antiwar groups. Students for a Democratic Tomorrow is not a well-known organization and does not have a clear association with antiwar activism.
23.
He offered criticism of the Vietnam War that greatly worried President Johnson:
Correct Answer
A. Walter Cronkite
Explanation
Walter Cronkite, a renowned journalist and news anchor, voiced his criticism of the Vietnam War, which caused significant concern for President Johnson. Cronkite's influential reporting on the war, particularly his 1968 broadcast where he expressed doubt about the U.S. winning the war, had a profound impact on public opinion and the government's approach to the conflict. President Johnson reportedly said, "If I've lost Cronkite, I've lost middle America." Cronkite's stance on the war was seen as a turning point in public perception and played a role in shaping the eventual withdrawal of U.S. troops from Vietnam.
24.
He persecuted Buddhists in Vietnam:
Correct Answer
B. Ngo Dinh Diem
Explanation
Ngo Dinh Diem is the correct answer because he was the President of South Vietnam from 1955 until his assassination in 1963. During his presidency, Diem implemented policies that discriminated against Buddhists, leading to protests and self-immolations by Buddhist monks. This persecution of Buddhists in Vietnam under Diem's regime ultimately contributed to political instability and opposition to his government.
25.
Mayor of Chicago during the 1968 Democratic National Convention:
Correct Answer
D. Richard Daley
Explanation
Richard Daley was the mayor of Chicago during the 1968 Democratic National Convention. This event was marked by significant protests and clashes between police and demonstrators. Daley's handling of the situation, which involved a heavy-handed response by law enforcement, has been widely criticized. His leadership during this time is often associated with the use of excessive force and the suppression of civil liberties. Therefore, Richard Daley is the correct answer to the question.
26.
Limited executive power to commit troops to foreign conflicts:
Correct Answer
A. War Powers Act
Explanation
The War Powers Act is the correct answer because it is a legislation that limits the executive power to commit troops to foreign conflicts. This act was passed in 1973 in response to the Vietnam War, and it requires the President to consult with Congress and seek their approval before deploying troops for an extended period of time. It aims to ensure a balance of power between the President and Congress in matters of war and to prevent the abuse of executive authority in committing troops to foreign conflicts without proper oversight.
27.
Revealed to Americans that the government had been misleading them about the Vietnam War for years:
Correct Answer
C. Pentagon Papers
Explanation
The correct answer is Pentagon Papers. The Pentagon Papers were a classified study conducted by the Department of Defense that revealed the government's misleading actions and information regarding the Vietnam War. The study exposed the extent of government deception and the true nature of the war, causing a significant public outcry and undermining public trust in the government's handling of the conflict.
28.
Combined ground troops and air strikes to clear an area of the enemy:
Correct Answer
D. Search and destroy missions
Explanation
The correct answer is "search and destroy missions". This term refers to military operations where ground troops and air strikes are used together to locate and eliminate enemy forces in a specific area. The objective is to search for the enemy and destroy them, effectively clearing the area of any hostile presence. This approach combines the use of ground forces for direct engagement and air support for reconnaissance and firepower, making it an effective strategy for neutralizing enemy threats.
29.
Commander of U.S. ground troops in Vietnam:
Correct Answer
B. William Westmoreland
Explanation
William Westmoreland was the commander of U.S. ground troops in Vietnam during the Vietnam War. He held this position from 1964 to 1968 and was responsible for overseeing the deployment and operations of American forces in the country. Westmoreland implemented a strategy of attrition, aiming to wear down the enemy through continuous engagement and heavy firepower. However, his approach faced criticism and controversy, as the war escalated and casualties increased. Despite this, Westmoreland played a significant role in shaping U.S. military strategy during this period.
30.
People who supported the Vietnam War:
Correct Answer
A. Hawks
Explanation
The term "hawks" is commonly used to refer to individuals who support aggressive or interventionist foreign policies, including the Vietnam War. They believe in using military force to achieve national objectives and often advocate for a more assertive approach in conflicts. In the context of the given options, "hawks" is the only term that aligns with the description of individuals who supported the Vietnam War.
31.
President Nixon’s national security adviser:
Correct Answer
E. Henry Kissinger
Explanation
Henry Kissinger was President Nixon's national security adviser. He served in this role from 1969 to 1975, during which he played a significant role in shaping U.S. foreign policy, particularly in relation to the Vietnam War. Kissinger's expertise in international relations and diplomacy made him a trusted adviser to Nixon, and he played a key role in negotiating important agreements such as the Paris Peace Accords. His influence and involvement in national security matters during the Nixon administration make him the correct answer to this question.
32.
What does the above image show?
Correct Answer
C. People trying to get into the U.S. Embassy
Explanation
The image shows a group of people desperately trying to enter the U.S. Embassy. This can be inferred from the chaotic scene with people climbing the walls and gates of the embassy compound. The urgency and desperation displayed by the individuals suggest that they are seeking refuge or assistance from the embassy, possibly during a time of conflict or political unrest.
33.
The family is happy because...
Correct Answer
D. Returning veteran has been released from POW camp
Explanation
The family is happy because the returning veteran has been released from a POW camp. This suggests that the family has been eagerly waiting for the veteran's safe return and his release from captivity brings them joy and relief. It implies that their long period of worry and uncertainty is finally over, and they can now be reunited and resume their lives together.
34.
The image shows a campus shooting in the 1970's. Where?
Correct Answer
B. Kent State
Explanation
The correct answer is Kent State because the image is referencing a campus shooting that took place in the 1970's. Kent State University in Ohio is well-known for the tragic shooting that occurred on its campus in 1970, where four students were killed and nine others were injured by the Ohio National Guard during a protest against the Vietnam War.
35.
The image shows what?
Correct Answer
A. Body being recovered from the jungles of Vietnam
Explanation
The image depicts a body being recovered from the jungles of Vietnam.
36.
Where is this?
Correct Answer
C. Washington, D.C.
Explanation
The correct answer is Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. is the capital of the United States and is known for its iconic landmarks such as the White House, the Capitol Building, and the Washington Monument. It is also home to many government institutions and agencies.
37.
Which city in South Vietnam was closer to the Ho Chi Minh Trail?
Correct Answer
A. Khe Sanh
Explanation
Khe Sanh was closer to the Ho Chi Minh Trail compared to the other cities listed. The Ho Chi Minh Trail was a network of supply routes used by North Vietnam during the Vietnam War, and Khe Sanh was located near the western end of the trail. This proximity made it a strategic location for the North Vietnamese forces to transport supplies and troops. Quang Tri and Hanoi were also located in South Vietnam but were not as close to the Ho Chi Minh Trail as Khe Sanh. My Lai, on the other hand, was not located near the trail at all.
38.
What South Vietnamese city shown on the map was closest to the southernmost part of the Ho Chi Minh Trail?
Correct Answer
can tho
Can Tho
Explanation
Can Tho is the correct answer because it is the South Vietnamese city that is closest to the southernmost part of the Ho Chi Minh Trail. The Ho Chi Minh Trail was a network of roads and trails used by the North Vietnamese to transport troops and supplies to the South during the Vietnam War. Can Tho is located in the Mekong Delta region, which is in the southernmost part of Vietnam, making it the closest city to the trail.
39.
In what general direction would someone travel if they took the Ho Chi Minh Trail from its beginning in Laos to Pleiku?
Correct Answer
C. South
Explanation
Traveling from the beginning of the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Laos to Pleiku would require traveling in a southerly direction.
40.
Define: ADVERSARY
Correct Answer
C. Opponent
Explanation
An adversary is someone who opposes or competes against another person or group. They are typically seen as opponents or rivals, engaging in conflict or competition. The term "opponent" aligns perfectly with the definition of an adversary as it refers to someone who is on the opposite side or against someone else in a contest, argument, or conflict.
41.
Define: COUP
Correct Answer
A. Overthrow
Explanation
COUP is defined as an overthrow, which means to forcefully remove or replace a government or leader. This term is commonly used to describe a sudden and often violent change in political power. It involves a group of individuals conspiring to take control of a government, usually through military force or political manipulation. The answer "overthrow" accurately represents the definition of COUP as it aligns with the concept of forcefully removing a government or leader from power.
42.
Define: ESCALATE
Correct Answer
C. Increase
Explanation
The word "escalate" means to increase or intensify. It implies a rise in intensity, magnitude, or severity. Therefore, out of the given options, "increase" is the most appropriate word that accurately defines the meaning of "escalate."
43.
Define: OBDURATE
Correct Answer
C. Stubborn
Explanation
The correct answer for the definition of "OBDURATE" is "stubborn". This means that someone who is obdurate is unyielding or resistant to change, often refusing to change their opinion or attitude. They are persistent in their beliefs or actions, regardless of any attempts to persuade or convince them otherwise.
44.
Define: EFFETE
Correct Answer
B. Useless
Explanation
Effete means lacking in vitality, strength, or effectiveness. Therefore, the word "useless" accurately describes something that is effete as it implies a lack of usefulness or practicality.
45.
Define: VOCIFEROUS
Correct Answer
D. Unrestrained
Explanation
VOCIFEROUS means loud, noisy, or outspoken. Out of the given options, "unrestrained" best matches the definition of VOCIFEROUS. It implies that someone or something is not held back or controlled, and therefore can express themselves or make noise freely and loudly. The other options, such as "sheltered," "harnessed," and "tamed," do not convey the same meaning as VOCIFEROUS.
46.
Which one indicates North Vietnam?
Correct Answer
D. A
47.
Exact location of Hanoi?
Correct Answer
E. E
48.
Where is Laos?
Correct Answer
B. B
Explanation
Laos is located in Southeast Asia, bordered by several countries including Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, China, and Myanmar. It is a landlocked country known for its mountainous terrain, stunning natural landscapes, and rich cultural heritage. The correct answer, B, indicates that Laos is located in that particular option.
49.
Where is Thailand?
Correct Answer
C. C
Explanation
Thailand is located in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by Myanmar (Burma) to the northwest, Laos to the northeast, Cambodia to the southeast, and Malaysia to the south. It is known for its beautiful beaches, rich cultural heritage, and vibrant cities like Bangkok.
50.
Where is the city of Siagon?
Correct Answer
E. F