1.
The layer of the hair that provides strength and elasticity is the:
Correct Answer
A. Cortex
Explanation
The cortex is the correct answer because it is the layer of the hair that provides strength and elasticity. It is located in the middle of the hair shaft and is made up of keratinized cells. The cortex is responsible for giving the hair its structural integrity and flexibility, allowing it to withstand external forces and maintain its shape. The cuticle, follicle, and medulla are also important parts of the hair, but they do not specifically provide strength and elasticity like the cortex does.
2.
In individual hair strands, hair texture is determined by the:
Correct Answer
C. Diameter
Explanation
Hair texture is determined by the diameter of individual hair strands. The diameter refers to the thickness or width of the hair strand. Hair can be categorized as fine, medium, or coarse based on its diameter. Fine hair has a smaller diameter, while coarse hair has a larger diameter. The diameter of the hair strand affects its appearance, feel, and how it interacts with styling products and tools.
3.
If the cuticle is lifted, allowing the hair to take color quickly, the hair is said to have:
Correct Answer
D. High porosity
Explanation
High porosity refers to hair that is able to quickly absorb and retain moisture, chemicals, and color. When the cuticle is lifted, it creates gaps and holes in the hair shaft, allowing substances to penetrate easily. This results in the hair being highly porous and prone to damage.
4.
Haircolor levels are arranged on a scale from:
Correct Answer
B. 1-10
Explanation
Haircolor levels are arranged on a scale from 1-10. This scale represents the lightness or darkness of the hair color, with 1 being the darkest (black) and 10 being the lightest (palest blonde). The scale allows hair professionals to accurately communicate and understand the desired hair color and make appropriate color adjustments during the coloring process.
5.
Hair color tones can be described as:
Correct Answer
B. Warm, neutral, or cool
Explanation
Hair color tones can be described as warm, neutral, or cool. This means that hair colors can have undertones that are either warm (such as red or golden), neutral (neither warm nor cool), or cool (such as ash or blue). Warm tones tend to have a reddish or golden hue, while cool tones have a blue or ash undertone. Neutral tones, on the other hand, do not lean towards either warm or cool and are considered balanced. This categorization helps in determining the most flattering hair color for an individual based on their skin tone and personal preference.
6.
Colors that are described as sandy or tan are considered:
Correct Answer
A. Natural tones
Explanation
Colors that are described as sandy or tan are considered natural tones because they resemble the colors found in nature, particularly in sandy beaches or desert landscapes. These colors are often associated with earthy and organic elements, creating a sense of warmth and tranquility. Natural tones are commonly used in interior design to create a calming and inviting atmosphere.
7.
Pure or fundamental colors that cannot be achieved from mixture are:
Correct Answer
C. Primary colors
Explanation
Primary colors are the pure or fundamental colors that cannot be achieved from a mixture of other colors. They are the basic building blocks of all other colors and are used to create a wide range of hues. In traditional color theory, the primary colors are red, blue, and yellow. These colors are considered pure because they cannot be created by mixing other colors together.
8.
The strongest and only cool primary color is:
Correct Answer
D. Blue
Explanation
Blue is considered the strongest and only cool primary color because it is associated with calmness, serenity, and stability. It is often used to create a sense of tranquility and relaxation. Blue is also known to have a cooling effect on the eyes and is commonly used in interior design to make spaces feel more spacious and cool. Additionally, blue is one of the three primary colors, along with red and yellow, and can be mixed with other colors to create a wide range of shades and hues.
9.
Red added to blue-based colors will cause them to appear:
Correct Answer
A. Lighter
Explanation
When red is added to blue-based colors, it creates a color that is closer to the middle of the color spectrum, resulting in a lighter appearance. This is because red is a warm color and blue is a cool color, and when combined, they create a color that is less intense and brighter in comparison to the original blue-based color.
10.
A ___ color is achieved by mixing a secondary color and its neighboring primary color.
Correct Answer
B. Tertiary
Explanation
A tertiary color is achieved by mixing a secondary color and its neighboring primary color. In color theory, primary colors (red, blue, and yellow) are the foundation for all other colors. Secondary colors (orange, green, and purple) are created by mixing two primary colors. Tertiary colors are then formed by mixing a secondary color with its neighboring primary color. Therefore, a tertiary color is a combination of three colors and falls between a primary and a secondary color on the color wheel.
11.
Depending on the level of color, equal proportions of the primary colors will produce:
Correct Answer
A. Gray, white, or black
Explanation
Equal proportions of the primary colors (red, blue, and yellow) will produce a neutral color palette consisting of gray, white, or black. When these primary colors are mixed in equal amounts, they cancel each other out, resulting in a lack of color saturation. Gray is created when all three primary colors are mixed together in equal proportions, while white is achieved by mixing all three colors at their maximum intensity, and black is produced by mixing all three colors at their minimum intensity.
12.
A primary and secondary color positioned opposite each other on the color wheel are considered:
Correct Answer
D. Complementary colors
Explanation
Complementary colors are positioned opposite each other on the color wheel. They create a high contrast when placed together and can enhance each other's intensity. When mixed together, complementary colors can create a neutral color or a shade of gray. This relationship between colors is often used in art and design to create visually striking compositions.
13.
Temporary color pigment molecules do not penetrate because they are:
Correct Answer
D. Large
Explanation
Temporary color pigment molecules do not penetrate because they are large in size. The size of the molecules prevents them from easily passing through the layers of the material or substance they are applied to. This lack of penetration results in the temporary nature of the color, as it can be easily washed or rubbed off.
14.
Semipermanent hair color on average should last:
Correct Answer
B. 4-6 weeks
Explanation
Semipermanent hair color typically lasts for a duration of 4-6 weeks. This type of hair color is designed to gradually fade with each wash, allowing for a temporary change in hair color. The duration can vary depending on factors such as hair type, color intensity, and the frequency of washing. It is important to note that semipermanent hair color does not penetrate the hair shaft as deeply as permanent hair color, which contributes to its shorter lifespan.
15.
During a facial, it is important to apply a ___________ mask to nourish and hydrate the skin.
Correct Answer
Hydrating, hydrating
Explanation
A hydrating mask is applied during a facial to replenish moisture and nutrients to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and healthy.
16.
Which type of haircolor penetrates the hair shaft and is formulated to deposit but not lift color?
Correct Answer
A. Demipermanent hair color
Explanation
Demipermanent hair color is the correct answer because it is formulated to penetrate the hair shaft and deposit color without lifting the natural color of the hair. This type of hair color typically lasts longer than semipermanent hair color but is not as long-lasting as permanent hair color. It is a good option for those who want to enhance their natural hair color or cover up gray hair without making a drastic change.
17.
Which type of haircolor lightens and deposits color at the same time and in a single process because it is more alkaline than no-lift deposit-only and is usually mixed with a higher-volume developer?
Correct Answer
B. Permanent haircolor
Explanation
Permanent haircolor is the correct answer because it lightens and deposits color at the same time and in a single process. It is more alkaline than no-lift deposit-only haircolor and is usually mixed with a higher-volume developer. This allows the color to penetrate the hair shaft and permanently change the natural color of the hair. Unlike temporary, semipermanent, and demipermanent haircolor, permanent haircolor provides long-lasting results that do not wash out easily.
18.
During the decolorization process, natural hair can go through as many as:
Correct Answer
C. 10 stages
Explanation
During the decolorization process, natural hair can go through as many as 10 stages. This means that the hair can be lightened up to 10 levels from its natural color. The stages refer to the different levels of lightening that the hair undergoes during the decolorization process. Each stage represents a significant change in hair color, with each stage being lighter than the previous one. Decolorization is a gradual process, and depending on the starting color of the hair, it may take multiple stages to achieve the desired lightness.
19.
Overlapping color can cause breakage and create a sign of roots or create:
Correct Answer
B. A line of demarcation
Explanation
Overlapping color can cause breakage and create a sign of a line of demarcation or roots. When hair color is applied over previously colored hair, especially if there's a significant color difference or regrowth, it can create a noticeable line of demarcation where the new color meets the old color or natural roots. This line can be unattractive and is a common issue in hair coloring.
20.
The 3 forms of hair lighteners are:
Correct Answer
A. Oil,powder, and cream
Explanation
The correct answer is oil, powder, and cream. Hair lighteners are products used to lighten the hair color. These three forms - oil, powder, and cream - are commonly used in hair lightening treatments. Oil-based lighteners are often used for balayage or ombre techniques, while powder lighteners are versatile and can be used for various hair lightening methods. Cream lighteners are typically used for more precise applications, such as highlighting specific sections of the hair.
21.
In___,selected strands are picked up from a narrow section of hair with a zigzag motion of the comb, and lightener is applied only to these strands.
Correct Answer
D. Weaving
Explanation
Weaving is a technique where selected strands of hair are picked up from a narrow section using a comb in a zigzag motion. Lightener is then applied only to these strands. This technique allows for a more natural and blended look, as the lightened strands are seamlessly integrated with the rest of the hair.
22.
For clients with 80-100 percent gray, which haircolor is generally most flattering?
Correct Answer
A. A blond shade
Explanation
Blond hair color is generally the most flattering for clients with 80-100 percent gray hair. This is because blond shades blend well with gray hair, creating a softer and more natural look. Additionally, blond hair color can help to brighten the complexion and create a youthful appearance.
23.
To cover unpigmented hair in a salt-and-pepper client, the color formulation should be:
Correct Answer
B. 2 levels darker than neutral
Explanation
To cover unpigmented hair in a salt-and-pepper client, the color formulation should be 2 levels darker than neutral. This is because unpigmented hair lacks color pigment, so a darker shade is needed to provide coverage and create a more uniform look. Going 2 levels darker than the neutral shade helps to ensure that the color will effectively cover the unpigmented areas and blend well with the existing salt-and-pepper hair.
24.
The process of pretreating gray or very resistant hair to allow for better penetration is known as:
Correct Answer
C. Presoftening
Explanation
Presoftening is the process of treating gray or resistant hair before applying color or chemicals to improve penetration. This step helps to prepare the hair for better absorption of the color or chemicals, ensuring more effective and long-lasting results.
25.
In hair coloring, which of the following determines the level of color lift achieved when using permanent hair dye?
Correct Answer
C. The strength of the developer
Explanation
In hair coloring, the developer (or peroxide) plays a crucial role in determining the level of color lift. Developers come in different volumes (e.g., 10, 20, 30, 40), with higher volumes providing more lift. A 10-volume developer provides minimal lift, while a 40-volume developer can lift the natural hair color by several levels. The developer opens the hair cuticle, allowing the color to penetrate the hair shaft, which is why its strength directly impacts the result. The amount of product used or the temperature of water does not affect the level of lift.
26.
To produce a haircolor that looks natural, how many primary colors must be present?
Correct Answer
C. 3
Explanation
To produce a haircolor that looks natural, three primary colors must be present. Primary colors are the fundamental colors that cannot be created by mixing other colors. By combining the three primary colors (red, blue, and yellow) in different proportions, a wide range of haircolors can be achieved. This combination allows for the creation of various shades and tones that mimic the natural colors found in hair. Therefore, having three primary colors present is essential in achieving a natural-looking haircolor.
27.
The best way to obtain pale blond results is to use:
Correct Answer
D. Double process blonding
Explanation
Double process blonding is the best way to obtain pale blond results. Double process blonding involves two steps: first, the hair is bleached to remove the existing color, and then a toner is applied to achieve the desired pale blond shade. This process ensures that the hair is lightened enough to achieve a pale blond color and also helps to neutralize any unwanted brassy tones. Temporary haircolor, pure bleach, and single process blonding may not be as effective in achieving the desired pale blond results.
28.
When hair is violet, it is recommended that you use__to balance it out.
Correct Answer
C. Yellow
Explanation
When hair is violet, it is recommended to use yellow to balance it out. This is because yellow is the complementary color of violet on the color wheel. Complementary colors are opposite to each other on the color wheel and when used together, they can neutralize or cancel out each other's intensity. By using yellow, which is opposite to violet, it can help to counteract the violet tones in the hair and create a more balanced and harmonious color result.
29.
When hair is blue, it is recommended that you use__to balance it.
Correct Answer
A. Orange
Explanation
When hair is blue, it is recommended to use orange to balance it. This is because orange is the complementary color of blue on the color wheel. Complementary colors are opposite to each other on the color wheel and help neutralize or cancel out the appearance of each other. Therefore, using orange on blue hair can help counteract the blue tones and create a more balanced and natural-looking color.
30.
Selecting _____ base colors creates brighter colors.
Correct Answer
B. Warm
Explanation
Selecting warm base colors generally creates brighter colors. Warm colors, such as reds, oranges, and yellows, tend to evoke feelings of warmth and energy. When combined or used as base colors, they can create vibrant and eye-catching color schemes. Cool colors, on the other hand, such as blues and greens, often convey a sense of calm and tranquility but may not result in as vibrant and bright combinations when used as base colors.
31.
Demipermanent haircolor__color.
Correct Answer
D. Deposits but does not lift
Explanation
Demipermanent haircolor is a type of haircolor that only deposits color onto the hair shaft and does not have the ability to lighten or lift the natural hair color. This means that it can only make the hair darker or change its tone, but it cannot lighten the hair or remove any existing color. Therefore, the correct answer is "deposits but does not lift."
32.
During a haircolor consultation, you should:
Correct Answer
B. Look at the client directly
Explanation
During a hair color consultation, it is important to look at the client directly. This allows the hair colorist to observe the client's facial features, skin tone, and eye color in order to determine the most suitable hair color options. By directly looking at the client, the hair colorist can also engage in effective communication and understand the client's preferences and expectations better. This helps in providing personalized and satisfactory hair color services.
33.
Which of these words is the best choice to use when discussing haircolor with clients?
Correct Answer
C. Soft
Explanation
When discussing haircolor with clients, using the word "soft" is the best choice. This term conveys a gentle and subtle approach to haircolor, suggesting a natural and blended result. It implies a softer and more natural look, which is often desired by clients. "Good" is too vague and does not specifically relate to haircolor. "Bleached" and "frosted" are more extreme techniques that may not be suitable for all clients.
34.
When performing a patch test, which color should you use?
Correct Answer
A. The same color that will be used for the service
Explanation
When performing a patch test, it is important to use the same color that will be used for the service. This is because the patch test is done to check for any allergic reactions or sensitivity to the specific color product that will be used during the service. By using the same color, it ensures that the client's skin is tested against the exact product that will be applied, providing a more accurate assessment of any potential reactions.
35.
Hair that previously received a color service will have:
Correct Answer
B. A greater degree of porosity
Explanation
Hair that previously received a color service will have a greater degree of porosity. This is because the hair cuticle is opened during the coloring process, allowing the color molecules to penetrate the hair shaft. This opening of the cuticle can cause the hair to become more porous, meaning it can absorb and release moisture more easily. As a result, colored hair may be more prone to damage and may require extra care and conditioning to maintain its health and appearance.
36.
Under-lightened hair is likely to appear to have more__than intended color.
Correct Answer
D. Yellow or orange
Explanation
Under-lightened hair is likely to appear to have more yellow or orange than intended color. When hair is lightened, it goes through a process called oxidation, which removes the natural pigments from the hair. However, if the lightening process is not done correctly or for long enough, some underlying pigments may still be present, resulting in a yellow or orange tone. This can happen especially when trying to lighten dark hair or when using bleach. Violet or blue tones are usually used to counteract the yellow or orange tones in the hair.
37.
The term__ or hue refers to a balance of color.
Correct Answer
B. Tone
Explanation
Tone refers to a balance of color. It is a term used to describe the lightness or darkness of a color. It is different from shade, which refers to adding black to a color, and intensity, which refers to the brightness or purity of a color. Level is not the correct answer as it does not specifically refer to a balance of color.
38.
Which of these is a coloring technique that requires two separate procedures in which the hair is pre-lightened before the depositing color is applied?
Correct Answer
D. Double-process application
Explanation
Double-process application is a coloring technique that requires two separate procedures. In this technique, the hair is first pre-lightened to remove the natural pigment before the desired color is applied. This is necessary because the pre-lightening process lightens the hair to a pale yellow or white shade, allowing the depositing color to show up more vibrantly. This technique is commonly used when a drastic color change is desired or when achieving a specific shade that is not naturally present in the hair.
39.
The melanin that gives blond and red colors to hair is called:
Correct Answer
C. Pheomelanin
Explanation
Pheomelanin is the correct answer because it is the melanin that gives blond and red colors to hair. Eumelanin is responsible for brown and black hair, while mixed melanin refers to a combination of both eumelanin and pheomelanin. Cyanomelanin is not a type of melanin found in hair.
40.
The powdered persulfate salts added to the hair color to increase its lightening ability is called:
Correct Answer
A. Activators
Explanation
Activators are powdered persulfate salts that are added to hair color to increase its lightening ability. They help to break down the natural melanin in hair, allowing the color to lighten. Activators are commonly used in hair bleaching and highlighting products. Toners are used to adjust the tone of the hair color after lightening, while highlighters are used to create highlights in the hair. Cyanomelanin is not a term related to hair color or lightening.
41.
The term___refers to a combination of equal parts of prepared permanent color mixture and shampoo used the last 5 minutes and worked through the hair to refresh the ends.
Correct Answer
D. Soap cap
Explanation
A soap cap refers to a combination of equal parts of prepared permanent color mixture and shampoo used in the last 5 minutes of a hair treatment. It is worked through the hair to refresh the ends.
42.
Which of these refers to varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or lighting process?
Correct Answer
B. Contributing pigment
Explanation
The term "contributing pigment" refers to the varying degrees of warmth that are exposed during a permanent color or lighting process. This means that when coloring or lighting hair, different pigments are added to create different levels of warmth or coolness in the final result. The contributing pigment determines the overall tone of the color or lighting effect.
43.
Which of these is a technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color?
Correct Answer
A. Reverse highlighting
Explanation
Reverse highlighting is a technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color. Unlike traditional highlighting, where lighter shades are added, reverse highlighting involves adding darker shades to create depth and dimension. This technique is often used to create a more dramatic and contrasting look, and is especially popular among individuals who want to darken their hair without completely changing their natural color.
44.
What is the unit of measurement used to identify the lightness or darkness of a color?
Correct Answer
D. Level
Explanation
The unit of measurement used to identify the lightness or darkness of a color is called "level". Levels are used to quantify the brightness or darkness of a color, with higher levels indicating lighter colors and lower levels indicating darker colors.
45.
What is the proper way to write the term that refers to the natural color of hair?
Correct Answer
B. Hair color
Explanation
The term that refers to the natural color of hair is "hair color". This is the correct way to write it because it is a compound noun, and compound nouns are typically written as two separate words. In this case, "hair" and "color" are two separate words that together form the term for the natural color of hair.
46.
A(n)___ is a chemical compound that lightens hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural hair pigment.
Correct Answer
C. Lightener
Explanation
A lightener is a chemical compound that is used to lighten hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural hair pigment. It works by breaking down the melanin in the hair, resulting in a lighter shade. Lighteners are commonly used in hair bleaching processes to achieve blonde or lighter hair colors.
47.
Which of these measures the concentration and strength of hydrogen peroxide?
Correct Answer
B. Volume
Explanation
The correct answer is volume. Volume is a measure of the amount of space occupied by a substance, and in the case of hydrogen peroxide, it can be used to measure its concentration and strength. By determining the volume of hydrogen peroxide, one can determine how much of the substance is present, which can be an indicator of its concentration and strength.
48.
Colors obtained from the leaves or bark of plants are called:
Correct Answer
D. Natural haircolors
Explanation
Colors obtained from the leaves or bark of plants are commonly referred to as natural haircolors. This term is used to indicate that the colors are derived from natural sources, rather than being synthetic or chemically processed. It is a popular choice for individuals who prefer a more organic and environmentally friendly approach to hair coloring.
49.
A__ is a non-ammonia color that adds shine and tone to the hair.
Correct Answer
C. Glaze
Explanation
A glaze is a non-ammonia color that adds shine and tone to the hair. It is a semi-permanent hair color that coats the hair shaft and enhances its natural color. Unlike ammonia-based hair dyes, a glaze does not penetrate the hair cuticle, making it a gentler option that adds subtle color and shine without causing damage. It is often used to refresh and revive dull or faded hair, providing a temporary boost in color and vibrancy.
50.
The term__ means difficult for moisture or chemicals to penetrate.
Correct Answer
C. Resistant
Explanation
The term "resistant" means that something is difficult for moisture or chemicals to penetrate. It suggests that the item or material has the ability to withstand or repel the damaging effects of moisture or chemicals, making it durable and long-lasting.