1.
What was the name of the group that conspired to assassinate Archduke Francis Ferdinand?
Correct Answer
D. The Black Hand
Explanation
The correct answer is "The Black Hand". The Black Hand was a secret society formed in Serbia with the aim of uniting all Serbian territories. They conspired to assassinate Archduke Francis Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, in order to achieve their goals. The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand in 1914 was a catalyst for the outbreak of World War I.
2.
In 1914, _____ was considered an act of war.
Correct Answer
C. Mobilization of a nation's army
Explanation
In 1914, mobilization of a nation's army was considered an act of war because it involved the preparation and deployment of military forces, which signaled a country's intent to engage in armed conflict. Mobilization was seen as a direct threat to other nations and their security, as it indicated the readiness and willingness to use military force. This action often escalated tensions and led to the outbreak of war, as seen in the events leading up to World War I.
3.
The Western Front was characterized by
Correct Answer
B. Trench warfare that kept both sides in virtually the same positions for four years
Explanation
The correct answer is trench warfare that kept both sides in virtually the same positions for four years. This is because during World War I, the Western Front was characterized by the extensive use of trenches by both the Allied and Central Powers. These trenches provided protection from enemy fire and created a stalemate situation where neither side could make significant advances. This resulted in a prolonged period of static warfare, with both sides remaining in virtually the same positions for four years.
4.
Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire became known as
Correct Answer
C. The Central Powers
Explanation
The correct answer is the Central Powers. Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire formed an alliance during World War I, which became known as the Central Powers. They were opposed to the Allied Powers, which included countries like France, Britain, and Russia. The Central Powers were primarily located in central and eastern Europe, hence the name.
5.
Why did admiral Holtzendorff promise Emperor William ll "not one American will land on the continent"?
Correct Answer
A. He wanted to convince the emperor to resume unrestricted submarine warfare
Explanation
Admiral Holtzendorff promised Emperor William II "not one American will land on the continent" because he wanted to convince the emperor to resume unrestricted submarine warfare. By assuring the emperor that the United States would not be able to intervene in the war, Holtzendorff hoped to persuade him to allow German submarines to attack any ship, including American vessels, without restrictions. This decision was a strategic move to gain an advantage for Germany in the war by targeting the shipping lanes of their enemies.
6.
____ were councils composed of representatives from the workers and soldiers.
Correct Answer
B. Soviets
Explanation
The correct answer is Soviets. Soviets were councils that were formed during the Russian Revolution, composed of representatives from the workers and soldiers. These councils played a crucial role in the establishment of the Bolshevik government and the overall governance of the country during that time. They were instrumental in organizing and mobilizing the masses, making important decisions, and shaping the political landscape of Russia.
7.
The Red Secret Police, known as the Cheka, began
Correct Answer
D. A Red Terror campaign to destroy all those who opposed the new regime
Explanation
The correct answer is a Red Terror campaign to destroy all those who opposed the new regime. This is because the Red Secret Police, also known as the Cheka, were established to carry out a campaign of terror against anyone who opposed the new Bolshevik regime led by Lenin. Their main objective was to eliminate any threats to the new government and maintain control over Russia.
8.
The Treaty of Versailles was
Correct Answer
C. The treaty signed with Germany that many Germans felt was a harsh police
Explanation
The Treaty of Versailles was a peace settlement that was signed with Germany. Many Germans felt that the treaty was harsh and unfair.
9.
France's approach to peace was guided in large part by
Correct Answer
A. The desire for national security
Explanation
France's approach to peace was guided in large part by the desire for national security. This means that France prioritized protecting its own borders and ensuring the safety and well-being of its citizens. National security would have been a top concern for France after the devastation of World War I, and it would have influenced their decisions and actions in the post-war period. France may have sought to strengthen its military, establish alliances, and pursue policies that would safeguard its interests and prevent future conflicts.
10.
World War l was a _____, meaning that it involved a complete mobilization of resources and people
Correct Answer
C. Total war
Explanation
World War I was classified as a "total war" because it required the complete mobilization of resources and people. This means that all aspects of society, including the economy, industry, and civilian population, were fully involved in the war effort. Governments implemented measures such as conscription, rationing, and propaganda to ensure maximum support for the war. The conflict also saw the use of new technologies and tactics, such as trench warfare and aerial bombings, further emphasizing its total nature.
11.
The German Military plan devised by General von Schlieffen
Correct Answer
A. Called for war on two fronts
Explanation
The German Military plan devised by General von Schlieffen called for war on two fronts. This means that the plan involved Germany engaging in military conflict with two different countries simultaneously, typically referring to France in the west and Russia in the east. The plan aimed to quickly defeat France in the west before turning its attention to Russia in the east. By doing so, Germany hoped to avoid a two-front war, which would have put a significant strain on its resources and military capabilities.
12.
During the war, new roles in the workforce were created for women because
Correct Answer
B. So many men entered the military effort
Explanation
During the war, many men entered the military effort, leaving vacant positions in the workforce. As a result, new roles were created for women to fill these positions and contribute to the war effort. This was necessary to ensure the continuity of essential industries and services, as well as to address the labor shortage caused by the enlistment of men.
13.
To gain Arab support against the Ottoman Turks during the war, the Allies had promised to
Correct Answer
A. Recognize independent Arab states
Explanation
During the war, the Allies made a promise to gain Arab support against the Ottoman Turks by recognizing independent Arab states. This promise was made in order to motivate and secure the loyalty of the Arab population, who were seeking independence from Ottoman rule. By recognizing their desire for self-governance, the Allies hoped to gain their support and cooperation in the war effort against the Ottoman Empire.
14.
Kerensky's provisional government made the fatal mistake of deciding to
Correct Answer
A. Continue the war
Explanation
The provisional government made the fatal mistake of deciding to continue the war. This decision proved to be disastrous as it further drained the already exhausted resources of the country and led to a loss of support from the war-weary Russian population. The continuation of the war also provided an opportunity for the Bolsheviks, who opposed the war, to gain popular support and eventually overthrow the provisional government. This decision ultimately contributed to the downfall of the Kerensky government and the rise of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Revolution.
15.
Under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was forced to do all of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer
D. Run Italy as a mandate
Explanation
Under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was required to return Alsace and Lorraine to France, give up land to a new Polish state, and pay for war damage. However, running Italy as a mandate was not one of the conditions imposed on Germany.